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▲ Xiong Kewu Rong costume photo
In 1911
After the Xinhai Revolution,
The League will be
Sichuan held an uprising and merged
The Shu military government was established
Xiong Kewu was appointed as the first under the military junta
The 1st Division was the commander of the division, and continued to grow and develop, and by 1918 it had been commanded
Sichuan has two policies, two policies for the military and the people. for
Solve the problem of supply of various ministries under his command,
Xiong Kewu
Allow them to be in their respective countries
Garrison area
Expropriation on the spot
military supplies,
Over time it formed
Warlords of Sichuan
The unique defense zone system, the commanders of each army, division, and brigade are not only in their respective defense zones
Collecting grain and wages, interfering in political affairs, appointing officials,
Divide one side.
▲Sichuan military defense zone system
The Sichuan army is long
More than 20 years of scattered sand
reach
In 1926
On the eve of the Northern Expedition, dozens of forces have arisen in Sichuan, including the division commander level
Lu Luming's first
1
Division, Li Yacai's first
2
Division, Wang Lingji's first
3
Division, Luo Weidi
4
Division, He Guanglie's first
5
Division, Feng Dezhai's first
7
Division, Yang Qiwen's
8
Division, Fei Dongming's first
9
Division, Xianying's first
10
division
Roze Chau
target
11
Division, cold smoke south of the first
12
Wang Mingzhang
13
Division, Zhu Jiazong's first
14
Division, Yang Chunfang's first
15
Division, Lan Wenbin's first
16
Division, Liao Weiyuan's
17
Division, Gong Bokai's first
18
division
、
Sun Zhen
20
Tian Songyao
22
Deng Xihou
30
Division, Liu Wenhui's
31
Teacher, Tang style obedience
32
Pan Wenhua
33
Divisions, etc.
After the Northern Expedition, the warlords of Sichuan were afraid of the general trend of the world, and they all defected to the Northern Expeditionary Army, and were unified and reorganized into the first
The 20th, 21st, 23rd, 24th, 28th, and 29th armies, respectively
Yang Sen, Liu Xiang,
Lai Xinhui, Liu Chengxun, Liu Wenhui,
Deng Xihou and Tian Songyao served as military commanders, but because there was no unified military expenditure, the various armies still divided themselves and plundered the people's wealth at will, and most of the divisions and mixed brigades under their command also went their own way and attacked each other continuously. In this process, Liu Xiang's power in eastern Sichuan continued to grow, and eventually overwhelmed all forces, became the leader of the Sichuan army, and held the military and political power of the province.
▲ Several major forces of the Sichuan Army
The reason why Liu Xiang was able to stand out among various forces,
Geographical advantage is an indispensable and important factor.
Liu Xiangcong
At the end of 1918, he was appointed as the protector of Chongqing by the Beiyang warlord government, and not only received equipment supplies, but also occupied Chongqing, the most important commercial port in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, and then gradually controlled the eastern Sichuan region and controlled the Waterway of the Yangtze River. Since then, Liu Xiang has, on the one hand, taken advantage of convenient water transportation, levied commercial taxes, purchased firearms, set up arsenals, steel mills, and so on, to support his continuous expansion; on the other hand, he seized military supplies and other materials purchased by other warlord forces to prevent them from expanding their troops.
▲Chiang Kai-shek's military uniform photo
The support of Chiang Kai-shek's central government.
Although the Northern Expedition allowed Chiang Kai-shek to complete the formal unification of the whole country, his government decreed that the military orders did not leave the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and several civil wars occurred with Feng Yuxiang's Northwest Army, Yan Xishan's Jin Sui Army, Tang Shengzhi Xiang's Army, Li Zongren, Bai Chongxi's Gui clan, and other forces, and had to win over Liu Xiang, who controlled the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, as a sign of solidarity.
In May 1935, the Long March Red Army entered Sichuan, and the various units of the Sichuan Army were frequently defeated, and Chiang Kai-shek took the opportunity to form a military staff committee to enter Sichuan and cut and reorganize the army. The armies of Sichuan and China were hit hard,
Only
Yang Sen's 20th Army, which first defected to Chiang Kai-shek, suffered no losses, while Liu Xiang's 21st Army was directly expanded into 3 armies of the 21st, 23rd, and 44th Armies, and there was also an independent division, which was the first of all the units.
But Chiang Kai-shek also did not intend to allow Liu Xiang to develop under his command
In addition to pan Wenhua, the commander of the 23rd Division, the commander of the 21st Army, Tang Shizun, the commander of the 21st Army, and Wang Zhangxu, the commander of the 44th Army, were all divided and co-opted by him.
▲Liu Xiang (center) Deng Xihou (left) Liu Wenhui (right)
▲The Sichuan army embarked on the anti-Japanese battlefield