After the Mongols destroyed The Jin Dynasty, it was actually inevitable that the Song and Mongols would go to war, the Mongol army continued to invade the south but did not send its full strength, and the famous general Meng Jue of the Southern Song Dynasty sat in the town, and the battle record was still unsatisfactory.
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In early 1234, the Song and Mongols jointly destroyed the Jin Dynasty, and in the summer of that year, the two sides tore up the covenant and fought.
We must also talk about the strategy of the Southern Song Dynasty to destroy the gold.
History basically believes that the Southern Song Dynasty is a manifestation of mental weakness, saying that the destruction of gold by the United Mongolia is simply a copy of the original alliance with the Jin state to destroy the Liao state, and it is an alliance between the weak and the strong, and it will not get any benefits. And soon after the rebellion against the alliance, it is bound to invite retaliatory blows from the strong. Even Mr. Bai Yang said that the Southern Song Dynasty was "a stupid pig who stuck his head into the blood basin of the giant monster and looked for food", as if the war between the Song and the Mongols could be avoided by the Southern Song Dynasty abiding by the covenant.
What I want to say is that the Southern Song Dynasty was not the same as the Song and Jin alliances to destroy the Liao.
Although the Liao state occupied the 16 prefectures of Yanyun that the Northern Song Dynasty had in mind, it was not snatched from the Hands of the Northern Song Dynasty. As the orthodox dynasty of the Central Plains, the Northern Song Dynasty had the responsibility to take it back, which is certain, but the war between the two sides was not caused by national hatred and family hatred. Moreover, after the "Alliance of The Yuanyuan", the two countries maintained peace for hundreds of years, in this case, the Northern Song Dynasty and the Jin Dynasty mainly wanted to take back the 16 prefectures of Yanyun, even if it was a normal idea, but it was a bit of a brain pump.
As for the Southern Song Dynasty, it is not at all possible to talk about mental weakness, and that is a very natural choice.
There was a hatred between the Southern Song Dynasty and the Jin Dynasty, the two sides have been in constant war for more than a hundred years, and the Jin State has never thought of abiding by the peace treaty between the two sides, which is far worse than the Liao people. That is to say, the destruction of the Liao state is worthy of sympathy, while the Jin state is not worthy of sympathy.
There is also a detail, that is, the specific content of the covenant between Song and Mongolia cannot be found in the history books, and the statement about how to divide the land of the Jin Kingdom after the destruction of jin is very vague, it is likely that the two sides are just verbally greeting, and the formal covenant does not exist at all.
More importantly, according to the posture of the Mongols at that time, it was to conquer the whole world, and the territory of the Southern Song Dynasty was also planned by them, but the strategic focus at that time was in the West, so they did not directly destroy the Southern Song Dynasty after the destruction of Jin. It doesn't matter if you beat you, it doesn't matter if you don't back on an alliance, excuses can be found at will.
In addition, although the combat effectiveness of the Northern Song Dynasty at that time was not good, the national strength was still very strong, that is to say, it was a matter of choice, and the option of helping the Liao state against the Jin state was established. At this time in the Southern Song Dynasty, any option was not established, and the final result must be to go to war with The Mongols.
The Southern Song Dynasty did respond to the saying, "Poor people must have something to hate", so many people are angry at it for its misfortune. But now that we know the above, we should stop thinking about the secret rubbing practices of the Southern Song Dynasty.
At that time, Shi Miyuan was already dead, and the prime minister in power was the radical Zheng Qingzhi, and he and the generals of the Song army formulated a plan to "defend the river and hold the pass and recover the three capitals", that is, to push the border line north to the Yellow River and Tongguan, to recover the three capitals of Kaifeng (Tokyo), Luoyang (Xijing) and Shangqiu (Nanjing), and to stabilize the Central Plains.
After years of war in Henan, the city was in ruins, ten rooms and nine empty, the Mongols could not see the oil and water, and there were no garrison troops, so several troops of the Southern Song Dynasty successfully occupied Kaifeng and Luoyang.
But before they could sit still, the Mongols came back.
The field battle was certainly unable to defeat the Mongols, and this time the troops were sent out, and there was not a consensus within the imperial court, and the preparation for the war was very inadequate, and even the logistics and grain could not be guaranteed. The defense did not last long, and the troops in Kaifeng and Luoyang had no food to eat, so they had to flee back in a panic.
Less than 2 months ago, this plan of "defending the river and holding the pass and recovering the three capitals" was completely bankrupt.
In the summer of the following year, Wokoutai sent three Mongol armies to conquer the Southern Song Dynasty.
The Western Mongolian army invaded Sichuan and Shu from Shaanxi. After a period of stalemate, the Southern Song Dynasty was invaded into Hanzhong by the Mongolian army, and suffered a defeat at Yangping Pass, and the Mongolian army drove straight into Sichuan.
Since Wu Jiu and Wu Xuan guarded Sichuan and Shu for more than 100 years now, Sichuan has been very peaceful, and the war preparations in various places are relatively lax, so the Mongols suddenly came in, and in less than 1 month, they basically fell. Later, the Mongols joined forces with the Tubo tribes to capture Chengdu, but the son of the commander of the Mongolian army in the middle road and the son of Wo Kuotai died suddenly, and the Western Road Mongolian army abandoned Chengdu, and the Southern Song Dynasty recaptured Chengdu and some of the prefectures in western Sichuan.
The Mongolian army in the middle of the road encountered stubborn resistance in Yingzhou and never succeeded, but something happened to Xiangyang.
Since Yue Fei regained Xiangyang, Xiangyang has been a strategic center of the Southern Song Dynasty against the invasion of the north, and its armaments are very abundant. However, at that time, the defenders were divided into two factions, the southern faction was the original Southern Song Army, and the Northern Faction was the original Jinguo surrendered troops, and the two factions were discordant and caused infighting. As a result, the northern generals took the opportunity to surrender the Mongolian army again, and the Southern Song Dynasty defenders were weak and abandoned Xiangyang.
After Xiangyang was occupied by the Mongol army, the surrounding state cities fell one after another. Coincidentally, the son of the Mongol army's middle road commander Wo Kuotai did not know whether he was sick or dead, but he died anyway, and the Mongolian army stopped attacking.
The southern Song forces on the eastern front had no decent resistance at all, and the Mongol army successively captured some prefectures in Henan and Anhui, but at Huangzhou (Huanggang, Hubei) they encountered Meng Jue.
Meng Jue was the mainstay and first general in the army of the late Southern Song Dynasty, and was an iconic figure in the fight against the Mongols. His ancestors were Yue Fei's generals, and he fought all his life and was invincible. He garrisoned Huangzhou, opened up wasteland to repair water conservancy, built camps, and built Huangzhou into a military town. He was ordered to rescue Jiangling (Jingzhou, Hubei), confused the Mongolian army with suspicious tactics, launched an attack at night, broke 24 villages of the Mongolian army, won victory, and rescued more than 20,000 refugees.
At the same time, the Song army in Zhenzhou (Yizheng, Jiangsu) set up an ambush to lure the enemy, and used artillery such as earthquake thunder to cause great damage to the Mongolian army and had to retreat.
The Mongol army did not do its best to invade the south this time, because they were also marching west. This was the 2nd western expedition of the Mongol Army, which was even larger than before. They conquered Central Asia, conquered the plains of southern Russia, captured Kiev, invaded Poland, then defeated the combined Polish and Germanic forces, defeated the Hungarian army, marched into Vienna, and advanced all the way to southern Europe. It was not until the death of Wokoutai in 1241 that the Mongol army withdrew from Europe.
In 1237, the Mongol army invaded the Southern Song Dynasty again. In Huangzhou they were again defeated by Meng Jue. The following year, Meng Jue counterattacked, and three battles and three victories successively recaptured Xiangyang and Fancheng. Wo Kuotai wanted to go all out to the west, sent people to negotiate peace with the Southern Song Dynasty, and after being refused, he raised an army again, claiming that there were 800,000 troops, and besieged Luzhou (Hefei, Anhui).
This time they met another cruel man named Du Gao (gǎo). At this time, he was 65 years old, still a civilian official, he was a famous scholar of the Southern Song Dynasty, but he was both literate and martial. In the previous year, he had set up an ambush to defeat the Mongol army, and this time he once again exerted his might, using his own invention of the goose pear cannon, three-bow crossbow cannon, etc. to carry out an artillery battle with the Mongol army, and finally the Mongolian army retreated and retreated, and was also chased and killed by Du Gao.
In 1239, Wo Kuotai attacked the Southern Song Dynasty again for the third consecutive year, again with an army of 800,000 troops, this time in the direction of attacking Hubei from Sichuan.
The heavy responsibility of this war of resistance fell on Meng Jue, who was now promoted to the supreme commander of the Central Theater, and he had long been prepared for this offensive route of the Mongols, sending troops to hold the dangerous pass and block the Mongolian army in Sichuan. Only all parts of Sichuan were once again ravaged by the Mongol army, Chengdu was lost, and various prefectures and cities fell.
However, God seems to have taken care of the Southern Song Dynasty, just when Chengdu was breached, in 1241 AD, Wokoutai died, and the Mongol troops in the southern invasion gradually withdrew, which made the Southern Song Dynasty breathe a sigh of relief.
Successive years of war, let the Southern Song Dynasty know the Mongols, without the JinGuo in the middle of the buffer, the Southern Song Dynasty must face the invasion of the Mongols, it seems that hiding is impossible to hide, then think of a way to do it yourself.
Well, friends, we will talk about the content of this issue here.
History is wonderful, history is helpless
I am Wang Qingbin, let me gently tell you the colorful history.