On January 15, 1949, the 10 Kuomintang defenders stationed in Tianjin held out for only 29 hours before they were annihilated by the Northeast Field Army, making the Nationalist defenders in Peiping even more isolated. The next day, Deng Baoshan, deputy commander-in-chief of the Kuomintang's North China "Suppression General," met with representatives of the People's Liberation Army on behalf of Commander-in-Chief Fu Zuoyi for discussions, and the two sides reached an agreement on 21 July. On the 22nd, the 250,000 defenders of Fu Zuoyi's army in Beiping withdrew from the city of Beiping according to the agreement and began to accept peaceful reorganization.
There were still officers and men in the rebel forces who were hostile
The thousand-year-old capital was peacefully liberated and free from war, the people of Beiping rushed to tell each other, clapped their hands and applauded, the sound of firecrackers lasted for a long time, and the atmosphere was as warm as the New Year. But for the 250,000 Kuomintang troops who drove out of the urban area, they were worried and mixed, and even some grass-roots officers and soldiers were still hostile after the rebel troops were stationed in Wuqing and other surrounding counties.
Once, several soldiers dug earth pits to wash their faces and bury garbage, but when our army propagandists came forward to inquire, these soldiers deliberately replied, "This is called building fortifications, resisting the Communist Party, and fighting the Eighth Route Army (after liberation, the Kuomintang army still continued the habit of the War of Resistance, calling the Communist troops the Eighth Road." "Another time, several soldiers carried guns on their backs, deliberately carried a basin of lime water, wrote reactionary slogans in front of the cadres sent by our army, and after being stopped, they actually raised their guns at each other, and only after being rejected by righteousness and sternness did they go away in sorrow.
The composition of the rebel forces is complex
The attitude of the soldiers at the grass-roots level is this, and it is conceivable what kind of attitude the officers in the rebel troops have. More importantly, at this time, the composition of these troops was very complicated, and they were no longer the Suiyuan disciples that Fu Zuoyi commanded in the early days of the Liberation War, and with the collapse of the 35th Army, the 104th Army, and other units in Xinbaoan, Zhangjiakou, and other places, Fu's troops had already lost most of the half.
On the eve of the peaceful liberation of Peiping, the only troops belonging to Fu Zuoyi's system in the main force of the defenders in the city were the "Suppression General" Guard Regiment, the Artillery Regiment, and the two divisions left when the 25th Army and the 104th Army were drawn. The main force of the defenders, the 4th and 9th Corps, and the 6 corps under them were all Central Army units, and their corps commanders Li Wen and Shi Jue were all Huangpu generals who were close to Chiang Kai-shek. In addition, there were local troops such as the Northeast Advance Army under the command of Ma Zhanshan.
During the reorganization, the officers of the various factions fought with each other endlessly
In the process of reorganization, the Central Army faction, the Fu Zuoyi faction, and the Ma Zhanshan faction in the rebel forces often attacked each other, exposed each other's shortcomings, and even fisted and kicked each other, plus there were many spies in it to stir up trouble, and the situation was very tense. At some seminars, officers of the Central Army faction openly accused "Fu Zuoyi of accepting the CCP's 'eight peace conditions' as an act of surrender and a betrayal of the interests of the party and the state."; officers of Fu Zuoyi's faction scolded: "Nonsense, we General Fu are uprisings, not surrenders." ”
Not to be outdone, Ma Zhanshan's subordinates complained bitterly about the oppression suffered by local factions, saying: "Chiang Kai-shek has appointed nepotism, pulled up mountains, engaged in sectarianism, and hegemonized one side, and a few people really fought for his life." Political corruption, military protection of strength, mutual exclusion, popular demonstrations, student strikes, and official corruption have long lost the hearts and minds of the people. When I was the regimental commander, the battalion commanders had already become military commanders, and I am now a colonel and deputy regimental commander, just because I am from the Ma Zhanshan Department. I think the Kuomintang politics is 100 percent corrupt and rotten." As soon as this was uttered, it immediately hit the sore spot of the Central Army faction, and in the chaos, some people broke their mouths and cursed, and even drew their pistols from their waists, and even the bullets were loaded.
Our army has transferred the most reactionary officers and has collected private arms
In view of the complicated situation in the insurrectionary troops, our army used a killer skill in the reorganization: first transferred, then reorganized, and in the first few days, the officers of the most reactionary central army faction were transferred out in batches for centralized training. At the same time, the private weapons of the officers were confiscated, and the officers at the division and regimental levels in the rebel troops at that time had a small number of weapons in addition to their guns, such as each division commander had 30 guns and 30 horses, which were confiscated in time to avoid them from arbitrarily performing martial arts dramas.