The territory of the Shu Han Dynasty was in the Sichuan Basin centered on Jiangzhou, and the Guanzhong Plain was the political and economic center of western Cao Wei. The Hanzhong region lies between the two.
Whether it was the Shu Han regime attacking Cao Wei or Cao Wei attacking Shu Han, Hanzhong was the inevitable enemy.
Losing Hanzhong, Wudu, and Yinping will also be lost, and there will be no buffer zone between Chengdu and Guanzhong, longyou, and the Cao Wei army will be able to attack Bashu from multiple roads.
However, this buffer zone was in the hands of the Shu Han regime. Then, for shu han, it is how to make full use of the favorable terrain in Hanzhong, or attack, or defend.
During Liu Bei's lifetime, Wei Yan was the Taishou of Hanzhong, and the main goal of Shu Han at that time was to run internally and solve the Problem of Jingzhou, which was entangled with Eastern Wu. Wei Yan's task was to defend, and to build Hanzhong into a solid foundation was his goal. Following this aim, Wei Yan set the goal of defense on the outskirts of Hanzhong, strictly guarding against death, and guarding against enemies outside the gates of the country.
In the early days of Zhuge Liang's reign, the way hanzhong defended was still the same. When Zhuge Liang straightened out his relations with Eastern Wu and stabilized the domestic politics and economy at the same time, he began to focus on the Northern Expedition, and Hanzhong became a bridgehead for attacking Cao Wei.
The status of Hanzhong has been further improved, that is, during this period, Hanzhong's duty is to attack and defend at the same time, and Zhuge Liang has brought the favorable conditions of Hanzhong into full play. Although Shu Han was much smaller in size than Cao Wei, Zhuge Liang always held the initiative on the battlefield, which brought great pressure to Cao Wei.
After Zhuge Liang's death, Jiang Huan, during the reign of Fei Yi, vigorously advocated recuperation and basically gave up the plan to take the initiative to attack Cao Wei, even if Jiang and Fei's limited offensive plan were hesitant.
When Jiang Huan was in power, he encountered a very positive attack by Cao Shuang, however, with the cooperation of Wang Ping and Jiang Huan, he easily defeated Cao Shuang.
After the death of Jiang fei, Jiang Wei presided over the military affairs of Shu Han, and while he continued to attack Cao Wei, he adjusted the defensive policy of Hanzhong. Abandon the insistence on the periphery, hold a few forts with all your might, put the enemy in, and then guerrilla them with small units, and then gather and annihilate them when the enemy soldiers are exhausted.
The great general Wei Yi thought that Hanzhong had wrongly defended the sieges, and it was appropriate to resist the enemy and not gain great profits. If you retreat to the second city of Hanle, Jigu Jianbi, listen to the enemy into peace, and re-close the town to defend it. The enemy is inevitable to conquer, there is no scattered valley in the wild, there is no grain hanging for thousands of miles, natural fatigue, and the wood of this martyrdom of the enemy is also...
This style of play can also be theoretically established and has the possibility of success. However, he overlooked one point, that is, Cao Wei's troops were much stronger, and once he let it in, relying on the strong and numerous troops, it was possible to take measures that he could encircle several fortresses without fighting, and the large troops drove straight in.
In 262, after the defeat of Jiang Wei's Northern Expedition, the ministers of the Shu Han Dynasty prepared to seize their military power, and the eunuch Huang Hao also wanted to replace him with Yan Ning. After Jiang Wei received the news, he was suspicious and uneasy, and in order to protect himself, he led the Northern Expeditionary Army to avoid disaster.
According to the convention, Jiang Wei should leave the army in Hanshou and return to Chengdu himself to resume his life.
Hanshou is located between Chengdu and Hanzhong, and the purpose of the Tun soldiers here is that once the Hanzhong emergency reinforcements can be supported at an extreme time.
Located in a remote part of the border, Puzhong is easily attacked by foreign enemies, and it is thousands of miles away from Hanzhong, and there are many mountains and rivers in the middle.
The actual situation is that when the Zhong Hui army attacked Hanzhong, except for Hancheng, Lecheng and a few other fortresses were still able to hang, the rest either lost their defenses or surrendered, causing the Zhong Hui army to drive straight in, attack Guancheng, and point directly at Hanshou and Jiange.
Shu Shu, who was stationed at Yang'an Pass, surrendered to the enemy, and the loss of Yang'an Pass meant that Wuxing and Guancheng were not safe, and the Wei army could also push directly at Han Shou and cut off Jiang Wei's way back.
Guancheng played a pivotal role in the Hanzhong defense system, where a large amount of strategic materials were stored. The Wei army's occupation of Guancheng meant a complete defeat of Jiang Weihanzhong's tactics. Wang Ping, a famous General of the Shu Han Dynasty, said:
If a thief is closed, he will be a curse.
Jiang Wei retreated to the Sword Pavilion and blocked Zhong Hui. Although frustrated by the Sword Pavilion, he even had the intention of retreating. However, Deng Ai raided the city of Chengdu from the Yinping Trail. Deng Aizhi dared to make a dangerous move because Wudu was lost, and Wudu was on the east side of Yinping. Therefore, it is not that his military ability is superhuman, but that he has less flanking attacks and will not be in danger of being intercepted in the retreat, so he dares to boldly and confidently use dangerous moves.
After Jiang Wei found out, the general trend was no longer able to return to heaven, although Jiang Wei still used tricks beyond ordinary people later, but it could only be useless to send his life.
So, the black cauldron of shu Han's destruction, is Jiang Wei's back? Not necessarily.
In fact, in the late Shu Han Dynasty, the talents in the military circles were already in full swing. Even if Jiang Wei did not change the policy of defense in Hanzhong, he still insisted on defending against the enemy, and there were no generals like Wei Yan and Wang Ping who were good at attacking and good at defense. That is to say, no matter how clever the tactics, there must be good generals to complete. Nowadays, people don't often say that they are not afraid of opponents like gods, but they are afraid of teammates like pigs.
When Zhuge Liang was in power, there was also noise in the court, but it was not the mainstream, and even if Li Yan obstructed it, it only shortened the process of a certain Northern Expedition and posed no threat to Zhuge Liang's survival and safety. Jiang Wei did not have Zhuge Liang's wisdom, and even less did he lack his great wisdom, big strokes, and no lofty vision, he was just a pure military general, and when his life safety was not guaranteed, he could only protect himself first.
If Jiang Wei did not retreat to Puzhong, but in Hanshou, when Hanzhong was in danger, he could provide support at the first time. Then, the history of Cao Shuang's defeat and retreat may repeat itself.
Zhuge Liang was very clever, the First Northern Expedition, whether it was the use of strategy or tactics, was impeccable, and Ma Mo's lost street pavilion did not let him lose it all!
The so-called, the big cover will fall, and it is difficult to support a single tree, this is the truth.