The "fu" of the Song Dynasty, similar to the current sub-provincial city level, can become a "mansion" in the Song Dynasty, which is a very important place, either economically strong, or dangerous terrain, or related to the emperor's ascension to the throne. During the Southern Song Dynasty, Fujian had a total of 8 "prefecture-level units", including 1 province, 5 prefectures, and 2 armies. In terms of status, the army is not as good as the state, and the state is not as good as the government. The only "capital" in Fujian was not in the "provincial capital" of Fuzhou and the largest port of Quanzhou (at that time there was no Xiamen), but in Jianzhou. The establishment of a state is too important for the history of Fujian, and the "construction" of Fujian refers to the establishment of a state. There is no longer a state, and the state that was once brilliant is now only a county-level city under the prefecture-level Nanping City, called Jian'ou.
Map - Human map of Nanping City, Fujian Province
Jian'ou was not only the only province in Fujian during the Southern Song Dynasty, but also the only county (prefecture level) in Fujian in the Three Kingdoms of the Eastern Han Dynasty, known as Jian'an County. At that time, Fujian was not yet developed, the population was sparse, and the population of Jian'ou was larger, and it was set up in Jian'ou County. Fuzhou, the current capital of Fujian Province, was at that time only Houguan County below Jian'an County. In 282 AD, after the Western Jin Dynasty destroyed Wu, Jin'an Commandery was established in present-day Fuzhou. However, in terms of the overall status, Jian'an County is still higher, after all, it is closer to the developed Central Plains and Jiangnan. There was no change in the Southern Dynasty, and at the end of the Southern Dynasty, at the end of the Southern Dynasty, the warlord Chen Baoying was divided around Jian'an County and fought against the imperial court to the end. In early 564 (solar calendar), the Chen Dynasty general Zhang Zhaoda led an army to attack Jian'an, attacked Chen Baoying, captured alive, and sent to Jiankang to eat bowls of knife noodles.
How important is Jian'ou, the early Qing Dynasty geographer Gu Zuyu said in the "Minutes of Reading the History of Fang Public Opinion Fujian" that Jian'ou is connected to Gan in the west and Zhejiang in the east, and the situation is four links, and it is the gateway of Fujian Fanping and Fujian. Coupled with the backwater mountain, the terrain is strange and steep, and it is an important town in the southeast. Because of the importance of Jian'an County, the Tang Dynasty established Jianzhou in 621 AD. The Sui Dynasty placed the Jian'an County Administration in Fuzhou, and Tang Gaozu moved back to Jian'ou. In the Tang Dynasty, Fujian had 5 states, Fuzhou and Quanzhou developed rapidly, and Fujian's administrative office was also placed in Fuzhou.
Map - Topographic map of Fujian Province
However, Jianzhou is still one of the two largest states in Fujian that are on a par with Fuzhou. When the Wang Zhenzhi family divided Fujian, those who could serve as the assassins of Jianzhou were all core members of the Wang family, such as Wang Yanzheng, the thirteenth son of Wang Zhenzhi. During the reign of King Yanxi of Min, the government of the dynasty was in a miasma, and Wang Yanzheng, who was guarding Jianzhou, of course did not listen to his brother, and the brothers turned against each other and fought each other. Wang Yanzheng looked down on his brother at all and said you can be emperor? Me too! In February 943, Wang Yanzheng, who controlled only one prefecture of Jianzhou, was proclaimed emperor with the state name of Dayin. Since the King of Sui, the name of the country has been set as Yin very rarely, and Wang Yanzheng is enough to be different.
The Wang brothers fought back and forth, eventually taking advantage of the Southern Tang Emperor Li Jing (Li Yu's father). In 945, the Southern Tang army destroyed Fujian, and the first stop to attack was Jianzhou, which soon eliminated Wang Yanzheng. The Southern Tang army's destruction of Fujian was also a tiger's tail, and in the end, 5 prefectures in Fujian, Li Jing only had to build prefectures and Tingzhou. Fuzhou belonged to the Wuyue Qian clan, and Quanzhou and Zhangzhou established themselves as Qingyuan troops, left and right.
Map - Map of the location of Jian'ou and its surrounding terrain
The importance of Jianzhou to the Southern Tang is self-evident, and the Southern Tang set up the Yong'an Festival in Jianzhou. Due to the large area of Jianzhou, a Jianzhou was separated from Jianzhou, which is now the area around Nanping. Because Jianzhou and Sichuan Jianzhou were renamed, the Northern Song Dynasty Taiping Revival State was renamed Nanjian Prefecture in 979 AD. During the Northern Song Dynasty, Jianzhou was still not the seat of Fujian, but it was the garrison of the Jianning Army. In the early years of the Southern Song Dynasty, the establishment of a state soared. In 1162, the thirty-second year of Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty, Zhao Xuan, who had just succeeded to the throne, ordered jianzhou to be promoted to Jianning Province, which was the only prefecture in Fujian to be promoted.
Why does Zhao Yun have a special love for Jian'ou? Because Jian'ou was Zhao Yun's fiefdom before he ascended the throne. Zhao Yun was originally a descendant of Zhao Kuangyin, and because Emperor Gaozong of Song had no children, he adopted Zhao Yun and eventually established himself as crown prince. Before Zhao Yun ascended the throne, he was first given the title of Duke of Jianguo, and in the thirtieth year of Shaoxing, in 1160 AD, Zhao Yun was again made the Prince of Jian. "Jian" refers to Jianzhou (建瓯). When the king of the domain became emperor, his original fief naturally had to be upgraded, which was the custom. After Zhao Kuangyin and Chen Qiao mutinied, he promoted his original name to Shangqiu (Song Prefecture), which was originally assigned to the German army's jiedushi envoy, to Nanjing GuideFu.
Map - Map of Fujian Province
The Yuan Dynasty did not set up a mansion for Jian'ou and became a very ordinary Jianning Road. The Ming Dynasty changed the road to a prefecture and Jian'ou re-established Jianning Province, but this Jianning Province no longer had the special status of Jianning Province in the Southern Song Dynasty. The Qing Dynasty did not change, and it was also called Fu. However, in 1912, it was renamed From Jianning Province to Jian'ou Province, and it was not long before it was downgraded to a county. The reason why it was named Jian'ou was because there were two counties at that time, Jian'an and Ouning, and after the two counties were merged, each took the previous word and became Jian'ou.