In April 1990, the director of the Political Department of a division of the 47th Army received a notice from his superiors asking him to be responsible for receiving the "Japanese Comrades of the Fourth Field Army Returning to Their Mother's Home" from Japan. He looked at the list of members of the delegation that received the delegation: Yoshimitsu Nakamura, the deputy head of the delegation, Mitsutoshi Fukuyama, Tantono Hirano, the secretary general, Aiko Wakasa, and the members of the group, Masako Honma and Fukukei, a total of 17 people.
When the Japanese delegation arrived, they all said happily: "This is our old unit." "Many of the PLA cadres in charge of receiving them looked at these Japanese veterans, but they were all confused, and even some comrades who were familiar with the military's combat history and newspapers were very confused.
During the Republic of China period, under the administration of Zhang Zuolin, the northeast became the richest economic region in China at that time, and the developed railway network, rich mineral resources, and grain resources in the northeast provided great convenience for the development of the northeast. Zhang Zuolin also developed the largest arsenals in the northeast, but unfortunately after the September 18 Incident, these arsenals were captured by the Japanese Kwantung Army, and the Japanese army continued to expand on the basis of these arsenals.
After the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the strategic position of the northeast was immediately highlighted, but the main forces of the Kuomintang army were all shrunk in the southwest region, not to mention the rapid march to the northeast, even to East China, South China is difficult to rush over immediately. In this case, the Eighth Route Army of North China, which is closest to the northeast, and the New Fourth Army of East China marched to the northeast region by land and sea.
After the Eighth Route Army, the New Fourth Army and other units went to the northeast, they formed the Northeast Democratic United Army, which was later the Northeast Field Army and the Fourth Field Army. However, in the early stage of entering the northeast, the Northeast Democratic United Army developed very difficultly, and wherever the troops went, they could not get the support of the masses at all; Huang Kecheng, commander of the Third Division of the New Fourth Army, reported to the central authorities that the troops were in a difficult situation of "seven nothings," "no party, no masses, no political power, no grain, no funds, no medicine, no clothes, shoes, and socks."
When troops from all over the country entered the northeast, there were only combat troops and very few logisticians. There is a shortage of medical personnel, and some companies do not even have a hygienist. Long marches and a series of fierce battles led to a sharp increase in the number of wounded, but the Northeast Democratic Coalition army did not have as many medical personnel.
When the Eighth Route Army first entered the northeast, it captured a large number of Japanese armaments and equipment, but after a dozen fights with the Kuomintang army, the US ordnance troops in the northeast knew how fierce the firepower of the US ordnance army was. The military industry department of the Northeast Democratic Coalition Army also had to step up the repair of the arsenals left by the Japanese army and collect technical talents, but at that time, China's cultural penetration rate was very low, and there were not so many technical talents at all.
In addition, the northeast also had the most dense railway network in the country at that time, and the northeast field army did not have so many train drivers, and even the number of car drivers and tank drivers was very rare.
In this case, the Tohoku Military District set its sights on the Japanese Kwantung Army that remained in the northeast, and among these Japanese troops, there were many technicians, doctors, and nurses. The reason why these Japanese are willing to work for the PLA is largely due to the consideration of livelihood. After Japan's surrender, the Soviet army took over the Japanese property in the northeast and deprived a large number of Japanese people of their real estate, which made the Japanese in the northeast also fall into poverty.
The Northeast Field Army was reorganized from the Eighth Route Army and the New Fourth Army in Guannei, they fought with the Japanese army for many years, and the Japanese army had a bloody vendetta, so at the very beginning, they had a good attitude towards the Japanese, and even some soldiers beat and insulted Japanese doctors and nurses.
On September 9, 1946, Political Commissar Luo Ronghuan issued the "Instruction on The Current Urgent Work Tasks", referred to as the "Ninety-Nine Instruction". This directive emphasizes the need to unite and care for Japanese doctors and nurses, and stipulates a specific policy requiring officers and men of all units to respect Japanese doctors and nurses, take care of their lives, and respect their personality.
According to the statistics of the Northeast Military Region, during the Liberation War, more than 7,200 Japanese medical personnel were active in various field hospitals and treated a large number of PLA wounded. Like PLA soldiers, these Japanese medical personnel eat large pots of rice such as millet and green vegetables, and have enamel jars hanging from their waists for eating, drinking, and brushing their teeth, and they cannot be seen at all that they are Japanese, and they are fully integrated into the ranks of the PLA.
Siye went south into Hunan, and the sweltering summer season caused a large number of patients to suffer from malaria, dysentery, heat stroke and other diseases. Many Japanese medical staff are sick and insist on working. The mosquitoes in Gangnam are very powerful, and if they are bitten by it, they will suffer from malaria.
Nurse Mitsuko Motoki recalled: "When working in the south, both Chinese and Japanese people almost all had malaria, there were not enough people to care for patients, and people with fevers below 38 degrees were not allowed to rest, so they had to work with syringes shakily, but in the hot summer, they were cold and shivering. Due to the side effects of the drug, the face and body have turned yellow. ”
In addition to the door of the Ministry of Health, there are also many Japanese technicians in the military industry system, which has been reflected in "The Right Way in the World is Vicissitudes" starring Sun Honglei. There are more than 2,000 Japanese technicians in the Military Industry Department of the Northeast Military Region, and more than 900 people in the Quartermaster Department of the Northeast Military Region.
These Japanese repaired a large number of arsenals and made a significant contribution to ensuring the supply of ammunition for the Northeast Field Army. After the founding of New China, there were still many Japanese engineers who stayed in Many Factories such as Anshan Iron and Steel Factory and trained a large number of excellent skilled workers.
In addition, the main instructors of the aviation schools, artillery schools and other schools under the Northeast Military Region are Japanese, and they have trained a number of excellent tank drivers, artillery cadres, and pilots for the PLA.
Among the Japanese officers and men of Shino, the most meritorious person is undoubtedly Hayashi Yaichiro of the fourth training brigade of the former Second Air Corps of the Japanese Kwantung Army, whose aces collectively joined the Northeast Democratic United Army, with 20 pilots, 24 mechanics, 72 mechanics, and nearly 200 other ground support personnel.
The old Northeast Aviation School, composed of these Japanese officers and soldiers as the backbone, has become the cradle of the PLA Air Force. A total of 160 pilots were trained, 23 of whom participated in the october 1, 1949 military parade. Later Air Force Commander Wang Hai, Air Force Deputy Commander Lin Hu, Beijing Military Region Air Force Commander Liu Yudi, and others all came out of here.
After the founding of New China, some Japanese technicians were also evacuated to some remote areas for economic construction. In the autumn of 1950, when the railway from Tianshui to Lanzhou was to be built, but there was a serious shortage of technical personnel, 800 Japanese railway technicians and their families were sent to Tianshui, Gansu, and in addition to the construction of the Tianlan Line, some personnel were transferred to build the Lanxin Railway and the Shanxi Railway.
In the mid-1950s, these Japanese nationals were repatriated to China, but as time went on, the sense of team identity formed by these Japanese veterans during the Shino period became stronger and stronger, and they spontaneously organized activities such as "Retrospective Shinokai", which attracted more than 600 people as soon as it was established.
In 2002, the 30th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Japan, Japan's NHK television broadcast a feature film entitled "Retained Japanese", and when interviewed by the veterans of the People's Liberation Army at that time, when asked how they viewed their own history, they answered almost without exception: Now I am proud to participate in the Chinese revolution and proud to dedicate my youth to China.