Witness the past and present of the historical Jiaoji Railway
Author: Migratory Birds
"Jiaoji Railway" is a railway from Qingdao to Jinan on the Jiaodong Peninsula. It was built at the end of the 19th century and has a history of more than 100 years. After the railway was completed and opened to traffic, it provided convenience for the German and Japanese invaders to plunder China's resources, and brought even more suffering to the Chinese people who were deeply affected by disasters.
After the founding of New China, under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, the Jiaoji Railway has been a modern railway integrating high-speed railways, passenger lines and freight lines after years of continuous transformation and construction. This article introduces the construction and development process of jiaoji railway, and understands its past and present.
▲ This is the German geologist "Richthofen", who wrote a book called "China" in 1873, in which he first proposed to build a railway from Jiao'ao (Qingdao) to Jinan across Shandong, and elaborated that "Jiaozhou Bay is the most important gateway to China, and if you want to develop the power in the Far East, you must occupy Jiaozhou Bay", and this bloody and stormy invasion war is brewing.
▲ Richthofen's expedition provided a decision-making basis for Germany to seek Jiaozhou Bay, and German Wilhelm II sent The Commander of the Far East Fleet, Dirpitz, and the engineer franchos stationed in Hong Kong to conduct a secret survey of Jiaozhou Bay in preparation for military occupation.
▲ On November 1, 1897, two German missionaries were killed in Juye, Shandong, known in history as the "Juye Teaching Case", and Germany, which peeked into Jiaozhou Bay, used this as an excuse to invade Qingdao, and the following year forced the Qing government to sign the Jiao'ao Lend-Lease Treaty, completing the first step into China.
The commander of the German Far East Fleet, Delis, occupied Qingdao in the name of military landing exercises.
▲ On November 14, 1897, the invasion of China began and qingdao was occupied.
▲ The German occupation army Qingdao camp gate.
▲ German troops in Jiaozhou City God Temple.
▲ After the German occupation of Qingdao, the Qing government was forced to sign the Jiao'ao Lend-Lease Treaty with Germany, allowing Germany to build the Jiaoji Railway.
▲ Li Hongzhang, a negotiator of the Qing government.
▲In August 1899, the Jiaoji Railway was officially started, and the construction materials were all shipped by Germany.
▲In June 1904, the jiaoji railway was opened.
▲When the Jiaoji Railway was opened, Qing government officials gathered.
▲Old Jinan East Railway Station.
▲Jiaoji Railway Administration.
▲Old Jinan Railway Station.
▲ In the 1970s, the Jinan Railway Station, the middle welcome gate was built to welcome Prince Sihanouk's visit to Jinan. The construction of a modern gatehouse in an ancient building is itself a failure, and there is a feeling of indifference.
▲ It is a great pity that in the 1990s of the last century, the Ministry of Railways and the Jinan Municipal Government decided to renovate the Jinan Railway Station, when people's awareness of protecting historical buildings was not strong, the reconstruction plan was based on the concept of construction modernization and functionalization, and the Third Design Institute of the Ministry of Railways demolished the old and built a new plan, which was approved by the Ministry of Railways and the Jinan Municipal Government, so the old Jinan Station was completely demolished.
It is said that the reason for the decision to demolish at that time was not to preserve the buildings that showed China's shame. The new square and the supporting projects of the station building were constructed by the 19th Engineering Bureau of China Railway Construction. The buildings in the station such as platforms, passenger bridges, and tunnels are constructed by the Jitie Engineering Corporation. (I had the honor to participate in the construction of the project and was the technical leader at the time)
▲ The new passenger station in Jinan, which was built in the 1990s, felt very advanced at that time. Now it seems that because China is developing too fast, it has only been backward in two or three decades.
▲ Yuan Shikai, a Qing government official.
Before the opening of the Jiaoji Railway, in order to prevent the infiltration of German forces, Shandong Zhizhi and Yuan Shikai wrote to the imperial court to open their own commercial ports in Jinan, Zouping, and Weixian, and in May 1904, the Qing government officially approved the opening of commercial ports in the three places.
▲ Old Deutsch-Asiatische Bank.
▲The current old bank, during the reconstruction and widening of Weiliu Road, the awareness of protecting historical relics has been improved, and the government has funded the old bank to move back as a whole, basically retaining the original appearance of the old bank.
▲ The old bank now.
▲ Old Telegraph Building.
▲ The current Telegraph Building.
▲Old Zhongshan Park.
▲The current Zhongshan Park.
▲Old commercial port old street.
▲The old trading port is now.
▲Hongjitang Pharmacy.
▲ Old post office.
▲The current post office.
▲Old Beiyang Grand Theater.
▲The current Beiyang Grand Theater.
▲The renovated staff cinema.
▲ After the July 7 Incident, the Japanese army invaded and occupied the Jiaozhou Peninsula, bombed Jinan in 1938, and fully controlled the Jiaoji Railway in the hands of the Japanese army, in order to invade China, the Japanese army once again opened the Jiaoji Railway, which was used to plunder China's mineral resources and transport strategic materials.
▲The Japanese army entered Jinan Station.
▲ The old Jiaoji Railway Jinan Hotel, which later became the headquarters of the Japanese army.
▲The current Jiaoji Railway Hotel has become a railway office building.
▲ On April 17, 1939, the Japanese established North China Transportation Co., Ltd. Full control of the operation of the Jiaoji Railway, since then Germany has also completely withdrawn from the Jiaoji Railway.
▲ From 1948 to 1949, the Chinese People's Liberation Army carried out the Western Section Campaign, the Middle Section Campaign, the Jinan Campaign and the Qingdao Campaign, liberating the entire section of the Jiaoji Railway, and this railway that had experienced vicissitudes returned to the hands of the Chinese people, and since then it has also begun to develop earth-shakingly.
▲In the 1970s, the Jiaoji Railway was upgraded and reconstructed, and the Jiaoji Railway achieved automatic occlusion operation.
▲On January 8, 2007, the construction of Jiaoji Passenger Dedicated Line began; On July 20, 2008, the eastern section of Jiaoji Passenger Dedicated Line was opened for operation; On December 21, 2008, the western section of the Jiaoji Passenger Dedicated Line was opened for operation.
▲Jinan East High-speed Railway Station.
The Jiaoji high-speed railway started construction in 2015 and opened in 2019. It has realized the modern operation system of Jiaoji Freight Line, Jiaoji Passenger Line and Jiaoji High-speed Railway running at the same time.
▲Jinan West High-speed Railway Station.
The Jiaoji Railway has been built for more than a hundred years, but the real development is after the founding of the People's Republic of China. From a single railway to the current six-line railway, and there are two high-speed railways of 350 km / h, two passenger dedicated lines of 250 km / h, these achievements can only be achieved by China.
Author: Hou Bird
Editor: Mao Secret", "White Wave Love"