The three words of Dali Guo are certainly not unfamiliar to the audience who have watched the TV series "Tianlong Babu". In the play, this is a regime that existed at the same time as the Song Dynasty, located in the area of Dali in today's Yunnan Province, so it is called Dali State. In the play, Xiao Feng and Duan Yu, the hardcore brother of Xuan Zhu, are the princes of Dali Kingdom.
Here, many people may think that dali is just a regime that Jin Yong fictionally created in the novel. In fact, this is not the case, there is indeed such a regime in the history of Dali State, and Duan Yu can still find a prototype in the history of Dali State, which is the 16th emperor of Dali State, whose original name was Duan Zhengyan, and there is also a name called Duan Heyu. His father is also a character of the same name in the play, both named Duan Zhengchun.
If it were not for the wide dissemination of the Eight Parts of the Heavenly Dragon, most Chinese people might not have known that there was such a place as Dali Kingdom. As a neighbor of the Song Dynasty at that time, dali's sense of existence in Chinese history was really too low, and China's ancient books did not bother to record their history. So, what kind of regime is it, where did it come from, and where did it end up? And listen to the author one by one.
In fact, Dali is a minority regime. It was founded in 937 AD, which was the chaotic period of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms after the collapse of the Tang Dynasty. At that time, there was a regime named Later Jin who had large branches and leaves in the Central Plains, and it had a Tonghai Jiedushi named Duan Siping.
What is moderation? It was the local military and political chieftains that the Tang Dynasty began to set up, and this Tonghai Festival envoy Duan Siping, to put it bluntly, was the leader of the Later Jin regime in the southwest region of China.
Unexpectedly, this Duan Siping not only did not help Hou Jin manage the southwest region well. He also united with the aristocrats Gao Fang and Dong Jialuo in the Erhai region to establish a new regime, and the Dali State was born. At the beginning of the founding of the People's Republic of China, the territory of Dali covered the entire Yunnan of China and the southwest of Guizhou and Sichuan, and even the northern regions of Laos, Myanmar and Vietnam, which can be described as quite vast.
At the beginning of the establishment of the regime, Duan Siping ascended the throne as the founding emperor. However, at that time, the Gaofang family, which had rebelled together, became more and more powerful, constantly squeezing the political space of the descendants of the Duan family. By 1044, Duan Siping's grandson Duan Silian, under the pressure of the Gao family's forces, directly gave up the imperial throne and became a monk, and the Gao family also took over the power of dali.
However, this move caused unanimous opposition from the people in Dali, and the people's hearts were all towards the Duan family dynasty. Under the pressure of public opinion, in 1096, Gao Fang's descendants had to return the throne to the Duan family. And the Duan family members who accepted this throne were none other than Duan Zhengchun, who was known to everyone.
Although the throne was nominally returned to Duan Zhengchun, the Gao family became the prime minister behind the scenes, and it was the Gao family who held real power. To put it bluntly, Duan Zhengchun is only a puppet emperor, which is why Duan Yu in the "Eight Parts of the Heavenly Dragon", although he is a prince, he does not have the pomp and treatment of a prince at all.
Talking about the relationship between the Dali Kingdom and the Song Dynasty at that time, when Duan Siping broke away from the Later Jin, the Later Jin Emperor actually did not care, after all, the Emperor of Shangao in the southwest region was far away, plus the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms were so chaotic, even if there was kung fu to manage this file to break things. Later, Zhao Kuangyin swept away all the chaotic regimes and unified China and established the Song Dynasty.
At that time, Zhao Kuangyin did not bother to attack the Dali State during the conquest, after all, the Dali State at that time also took the initiative to show favor to the Song Dynasty. It has also maintained this relatively independent and harmonious state with the Song Dynasty.
In the end, how did the Dali kingdom perish? Like the Song Dynasty, in 1253 AD, it was picked up by the Mongol army heading south. The Mongols did not have the habit of receiving good deeds, thinking that they were iron horses on the Mediterranean coast, and the Dali state naturally could not escape the fate of being destroyed.
After the fall of the Dali State, the last emperor Duan Xingzhi was made the hereditary governor of Dali by Kublai Khan, and the Dali State became the province of Yunnan, which has since been included in the territory of China.