At a horse intersection, a middle-aged man pushed a wheelchair, looked at the rapid traffic on the road, and planned to leave, when the old man in the wheelchair suddenly shouted: "I want to go over there." ”
Lin Yuanquan, who was pushing a cart for the old man, patiently said:
"It's not good now, we're coming from the other side."
"No, I have to go back now, back to the northeast."
Lin Yuanquan was surprised, it turned out that Zhang Xueliang still did not dispel the idea of returning to the northeast.
At this time, Zhang Xueliang had been imprisoned in Taiwan, and under the surveillance of secret agents, his desire to return to the northeast was so far away that until the end of the War of Resistance Against Japan, he could not return to the northeast where he had his heart in mind.
Why was Zhang Xueliang imprisoned for decades, and who imprisoned him here, unable to go home!
Zhang Zuolin and his son took a group photo
June 4, 1928
, since the father
Zhang Zuolin was killed by the Japanese Kwantung Army at Huanggutun
After that, Zhang Xueliang took over as the commander-in-chief of the security of the three eastern provinces and began to rule in the northeast.
Zhang Xueliang sent troops to support Chiang Kai-shek
But although Zhang Xueliang ruled the entire northeast, he did not think of independence, but rather
Single-mindedly want to promote national unity
。
However, at that time, Wang and Jiang were vying for the right to rule the central government, and they both wanted to win Zhang Xueliang over
Part of it is also because the northeast has an arsenal that makes the two of them inevitable for his ally.
However, Zhang Xueliang did not want to participate in the battle between the two, and on the pretext of recuperating from illness, he ran to a small island to hide for a few days, but in fact, the lobbyist and Zhang Xueliang sent by Chiang Kai-shek went to persuade Zhang Xueliang that the person who went to be the lobbyist was acquainting with Zhang Xueliang, so
Zhang Xueliang was more optimistic about Chiang Kai-shek
When Wang and Chiang were fighting for Jinan, Zhang Xueliang joined Chiang Kai-shek's side, sent troops to support Chiang Kai-shek, and of course made a lot of money on Chiang Kai-shek. But he may not know much about Chiang Kai-shek,
Chiang Kai-shek's heart and eyes are many and small, and he has never been willing to suffer half a loss.
Once the Northeast Army entered Chiang Kai-shek's hands, it was a little difficult to transfer back.
Zhang Xueliang's army to the Central Plains had not yet been transferred back to the northeast, and another Shi Yousan appeared there.
Shi Yousan, this man, is a well-known "defecting general", although he fought bravely, but his bones were too soft, Wang, Jiang, Japan and the Ccp, he has all surrendered, there is a saying that describes him most appropriately: "Wall grass, fall with the wind"
On July 18, 1931, Shi Sanyou, who had followed the Nationalist government, sent troops against Zhang Xueliang, and Zhang Xueliang had to mobilize the remaining Northeast army to attack Shi Yousan.
At that time, there was a lot of friction between the Japanese army and China, which had been in the civil war, of course, most of them were deliberately provoked by Japan, and even self-directed and self-acted.
The purpose is to have a reasonable excuse to go to war against China
However, Chiang Kai-shek believed that "the outside must first be safe inside" was the best policy, and there could be no more disputes with Japan, so in order to avoid conflict, he ordered Zhang Xueliang not to clash with the Japanese army, and Zhang Xueliang received the soldiers' guns to the warehouse, and it was because of this order that he was badly insulted in the days that followed, making him unbearable.
That is, the "September 18 Incident" that shocked China and foreign countries.
The Japanese army shamelessly planted the booty, intending to provoke an incident
September 18, 1931
, the Japanese army was taken by China
The "railway team" blew up the tracks of the South Manchuria Railway built by Japan
, launched an attack on the Northeast Army, because of zhang Xueliang's advocacy of non-resistance, the Japanese army quickly occupied the northeast,
In February 1932, Tohoku fell, and since then more than 30 million compatriots in Tohoku have been colonized, and they have been bullied and enslaved under the hands of the Japanese.
After the Japanese army invaded the northeast, Zhang Xueliang fled to Jinzhou with his men, and along the way, the Japanese army continued to send planes to bomb him, and also bit back and said:
"They did it to us first, we just had to defend ourselves."
Chang
After the "September 18 Incident", the Nanjing government and Zhang Xueliang were
Hope is pinned on the international
It was hoped that the League of Nations would dissuade Japan, but previously because Zhang Xueliang wanted to regain the Soviet Union's rights and territory in the northeast, no one was biased against him at this time.
In order to attend various countries, Zhang Xueliang painfully quit smoking
After the September 18 Incident, under the accusations of all parties,
Zhang Xueliang's pressure doubled, and he somehow became infected with opium
He had to rely on opium every day to relieve his worries, but soon Zhang Xueliang would attend various countries as a representative of China.
Lady Zhang Xueliang's friend Yu Fengzhi, Miss Song San's brother Song Ziwen could not see Zhang Xueliang's drunken dream all day, and came to advise him:
"You hate those people the most in your life to call us the sick man of East Asia, not these damned opium victims, you even smoked, see what kind of thin you have, when the time comes, really call those foreigners, see a sick Chinese representative?" 」
Zhang Xueliang was suddenly awakened by Song Ziwen, he could not be looked down upon by those imperial people,
Zhang Xueliang was determined to quit smoking
This is an extremely painful decision, which can be seen since ancient times by those who cannot get rid of opium under any circumstances, who smoke their own family and sell their wives and children.
In 1935, this was after the August 1st Declaration
The nation's call for the cessation of the civil war and the implementation of the war against Japan is growing louder and louder,
Zhang Xueliang also hoped that Chiang Kai-shek would abandon the civil war and unite to resist Japan
He had never been interested in the civil war, he hated only the Japanese and the invaders.
Yang Hucheng
But in
In 1936, Chiang Kai-shek ignored the advice of Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng, insisting that they first attack the growing Red Army in northern Shaanxi, and later ask zhang Xueliang to suppress the students who marched and protested.
Zhang Xueliang had no choice but to temporarily appease these protesting students, while promising them to end the civil war, and then responding to them, fighting back to the northeast and freeing the people of the northeast from the Hands of the Japanese.
Zhang Xueliang himself did not think so, but at this time he was under Chiang Kai-shek, and the northeast base camp was also taken away by the Japanese, and to tell the truth, he could not stand up alone now.
Chiang Kai-shek was placed under house arrest for the anti-Japanese resistance
In order to get Chiang Kai-shek to agree to stop the civil war and unify the anti-Japanese resistance, Zhang Xueliang could only choose an extreme line to force Chiang Kai-shek to resist Japan.
At 5 o'clock on December 12, 1936, the Northeast Army quietly came to Huaqingchi at night to prepare to arrest Chiang Kai-shek, although Chiang Kai-shek heard the movement and jumped out of the window in advance to escape when the Northeast Army came, but because of the fall, he was still caught by Zhang Xueliang.
But Zhang Xueliang did not intend to treat Chiang Kai-shek as well, but only forced him to sign an anti-Japanese agreement.
As long as Chiang Kai-shek agreed to abandon the civil war and jointly resist Japan, he released Chiang Kai-shek.
July 1937
The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China sent the Declaration of the Communist Party of China for the Promulgation of Cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party of China to the Kuomintang until then
September
Only then did the Kuomintang publish the declaration of cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party submitted by the Communist Party.
The second Kuomintang-Communist cooperation officially began.
To this end, Premier Zhou even agreed to Chiang Kai-shek's unreasonable request to cancel the Red Army's number.
The Transformation of the Red Army into the Eighth Route Army of the National Revolutionary Army recognized the identity of the Communist Party of China
This is the origin of the Eighth Route Army.
Later, Chairman Mao once said: With the help of Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng, we can achieve a cooperative relationship of common resistance against Japan, and he deserves our admiration and gratitude.
But later
In June 1946, the Kuomintang launched a full-scale civil war, and the second Kuomintang-Communist cooperation came to an end
But why didn't Zhang Xueliang directly kill Chiang Kai-shek and preside over the overall situation himself?
At that time, many of Zhang Xueliang's subordinates advised Zhang Xueliang to kill Chiang Kai-shek, and he almost obeyed, but someone advised him that there was no need to kill him completely, at this juncture,
Chiang Kai-shek dies, Kumi party internal must-have great war
At that time, the cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party does not have to be delayed for a long time.
Zhang Xueliang's purpose was to jointly resist Japan, and besides, he did not want to kill Chiang Kai-shek.
But on the other hand, Chiang Kai-shek held a grudge against Zhang Xueliang.
Chiang Kai-shek was suspicious by nature, and this Zhang Xueliang dared to put him under house arrest to force him to do things, and the next step was to seek power and usurp the throne?
Chiang Kai-shek retaliated by imprisoning Zhang Xueliang
Therefore, as soon as the declaration of cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party was announced, Chiang Kai-shek quickly imprisoned Zhang Xueliang, originally wanting to kill Zhang Xueliang, and did not leave himself with worries, but at this time
Song Meiling persuaded him and wrote to Chiang Kai-shek that if you dare to kill Zhang Xueliang, I will leave immediately and tell you about your little trouble.
What happened, we don't know for the time being, but Song Meiling can't leave, they all say that heroes are sad about beauty, chiang kai-shek is not a good person, but I have to admit that he and his wife Soong Meiling are very loving, when they first chased her, they wasted the power of the two tigers, after the two got married, Chiang Kai-shek also took time to see Soong Meiling writing and painting.
Of course, the most important thing is that Zhang Xueliang and his father have been entrenched in the northeast for so long, and the northeast army only listens to him, without Zhang Xueliang in hand, how can he
"Holding the Son of Heaven hostage to order the princes"?
Secondly, Zhang Xueliang sent troops to support Chiang Kai-shek during the dispute between Wang and Chiang, and for this reason, Song Meiling's mother also recognized Yu Fengzhi as a daughter, and Yu Fengzhi and Song Meiling also became girlfriends, and Zhang Xueliang and Chiang Kai-shek can be described as "brothers" who are not related by blood.
December 1936
At the military court of the Military Commission, Zhang Xueliang was sentenced
10 years
imprisonment.
Zhang Xueliang was imprisoned by Chiang Kai-shek, and before he left, he told Yang Hucheng: "I am afraid that if I go this time, I am afraid that if I go more fiercely and less, the Northeast Army will be handed over to you." ”
On January 16, 1937, Zhang Xueliang was taken to Yangmingdong, Xiuwen County, Guizhou Province
It was here that he began his career as a prisoner.
Chiang Kai-shek murdered Yang Hucheng
But what he did not expect was that Chiang Kai-shek would take revenge on Yang Hucheng twelve years later
In 1949, Yang Hucheng was assassinated by Chiang Kai-shek
, the tragic death of the family,
The body was also splashed with salt water.
Song Zhenzhong, son of Song Qiyun
By the way, the youngest Communist Party member, Song Zhenzhong, was the youngest son of Yang Hucheng's secretary, Song Qiyun.
In 1941, Xiao Radish Head and his mother Xu Linxia were arrested and imprisoned in Xi'an in search of their father, Song Qiyun, and never saw the outside world again.
at
In 1946, when Zhang Xueliang thought he was about to be released after completing his sentence
Chiang Kai-shek gave Zhang Xueliang two choices, either to remain imprisoned or to agree to three conditions.
First of all, Zhang Xueliang wanted to say to the outside world that he had launched the Xi'an Incident because he had been seduced by the Communist Party.
Second, a telegram sent by Chiang Kai-shek to Zhang Xueliang before the September 18 Incident was returned to Chiang Kai-shek.
Finally, don't go back to your home country.
However, Chiang Kai-shek asked Zhang Xueliang to plant these things on the head of the Communist Party, and Zhang Xueliang could not do it, and if he did not return to China, Zhang Xueliang could not do it. So he rejected Chiang Kai-shek, he had already done many things wrong, and he could not be wrong again and again.
In the years when Zhang Xueliang was trapped, no matter what he did, he was always surrounded by groups of spies, and his life was very unpleasant.
His wife Yu Fengzhi and his secretary, Miss Zhao Si, competed to accompany him, but
Yu Fengzhi said that Miss Zhao Si still had a young son, or she would come to accompany her husband first!
Yu Fengzhi
The days of captivity were boring, and within three years, Yu Fengzhi's condition worsened and she had to leave Zhang Xueliang to go out for medical treatment, and before leaving, she called Miss Zhao Si and said:
"I entrusted my husband to you to take good care of him."
Miss Zhao Si, who has been accompanying Zhang Xueliang as a secretary, eloped with Zhang Xueliang in the early years, and did not even have an identity, so her father resigned from the official and went home, announcing that she had severed ties with Miss Zhao Si.
In the days when Zhang Xueliang was imprisoned, she did not dislike Zhang Xueliang.
Always by his side
It can be regarded as a spiritual sustenance of Zhang Xueliang.
Zhang Xueliang was trapped in Taiwan and sent Zhao Yidi to his heart
afterward
In 1946
Before Chiang Kai-shek retreated to Taiwan,
Zhang Xueliang was taken to Taiwan and imprisoned
Lin Yuanquan, who was only 19 years old at the time, was sent to Zhang Xueliang's side, because Zhang Xueliang was surrounded by spies, although they suspected that Lin Yuanquan was also a secret agent, but seeing that he was doing everything so dedicatedly, Zhang Xueliang got along with him quite well, and Lin Yuanquan was impressed by Zhang Xueliang's personality and did not expose anything about Zhang Xueliang.
Later Taiwanese
"Intelligence Unit"
That is, the Intelligence Bureau, on the grounds that Lin Yuanquan was ineffective, withdrew him.
Before that, Zhang Xueliang, who had been living in depression and depression, had told Lin Yuanquan many times: "I want to go back to the northeast, I want to go back to my father." ”
But everyone knows that this matter is impossible, and in the matter of imprisoning Zhang Xueliang, Chiang Kai-shek will not let the tiger return to the mountain no matter what. Even if Zhang Xueliang told Chiang Kai-shek several times that he wanted to return to China,
I want to go back to the anti-Japanese and go to the battlefield
But Chiang Kai-shek was unmoved.
He eats well and drinks Zhang Xueliang, every year
The money spent on him was enough to feed an army
But even so, he did not intend to let Zhang Xueliang go back.
Until 1975, before his death, Chiang Kai-shek told his son Chiang Ching-kuo: "Don't let the tiger return to the mountain." ”
This tiger, naturally, is a Siberian tiger, and Zhang Xueliang was already at that time
He is in his seventies
But Chiang Kai-shek was still jealous of him to such an extent.
Later Zhang Xueliang's
The fourth sister-in-law, Xie Xueping
Come to visit Zhang Xueliang, the two sides did not talk a few words when they met, Zhang Xueliang said: "I think of my father, I want to go back to the northeast."
Xie Xueping listened to her heart very badly, Zhang Xueliang once said:
"My life ended at 36."
Returning to the northeast seems to have become his lifelong obsession, and he also understands that his life will end in 1937.
Zhang Xueliang never had a chance to go back, and it seemed that even the mainland was waving goodbye to him. This once fierce Siberian tiger is now treated as a domestic cat and kept under the eyes of the enemy.
Chiang Ching-kuo also died in 1990, when Zhang Xueliang was 79 years old
Miss Zhao Si's condition has also been repeated, and he cannot return to China because he is reluctant to Miss Zhao Si.
In their later years, Zhao Yidi and Zhang Xueliang
But this sustenance is also in Zhang Xueliang's
One hundred years old
Disappeared after that.
June 2000
Miss Zhao Si, who had accompanied him for 72 years, fell ill, sick more than ever, and had been receiving treatment in the hospital.
When Xie Xueping went to visit Miss Zhao Si in the hospital, she found that she could no longer speak, and could only blink to show her welcome to Xie Xueping.
Miss Zhao Si has actually been holding on, she smokes, for this
The lobes of the lungs were partially removed and he also suffered from lupus erythematosus
In his later years, his health has not been very good, and the doctors have said,
Miss Zhao Si was only a few days away
Sure enough, a few days after Zhang Xueliang's birthday,
On June 22, 2000, Miss Zhao Si died of illness
Zhang Xueliang was deeply saddened and said bluntly,
I wouldn't have lived for a few days without her
Zhang Xueliang is telling the truth, all these years, it has been Miss Zhao Si taking care of her, the two of them have long been inseparable, Miss Zhao Si died, Zhang Xueliang's only sustenance is gone.
Zhang Xueliang was not free for the rest of his life, and there were nearly a hundred people around him to watch
On October 14, 2001, Zhang Xueliang died in the United States at the age of 101
Zhang Xueliang, who died in the United States, there are still many people at his funeral, who have specially come to the United States to mourn for him, not only
There are representatives of the Communist Party, Zhang Xueliang's former subordinates, student representatives of Northeastern University, Taiwan's Kuomintang, and people from all walks of life
Gathered at this small funeral, although Zhang Xueliang's relatives want to make this funeral a little more low-key, they still can't stand so many people who want to send Zhang Xueliang on his last journey.
And at the beginning
Lin Yuanquan, who has followed Zhang Xueliang for decades in Taiwan, also came here
As Jacky Cheung's old butler, he was invited to speak on stage, Lin Yuanquan helplessly lamented the difficulty of Mr. Zhang's time in Taiwan, Chiang Kai-shek in order to monitor Zhang Xueliang, to prevent him from having too much contact with the outside world, initially
The people who guarded him actually
Up to a hundred people
Even after decades,
When those people get together for dinner, they have to
Four tables
Just sit down.
As soon as these two numbers came out, everyone was shocked.
At that time, the two people were under the surveillance of more than a hundred people, there was no freedom not to say, not even a little privacy, no wonder Zhang Xueliang said that Miss Zhao Si was dead, he was not alive, in this case, anyone had to be depressed.
Zhang Xueliang was imprisoned for most of his life, although he was at fault in the 918 Incident, it is undeniable that for the sake of China, he and Yang Hucheng launched the Xi'an Incident, and did not hesitate to pay half of his life without compromising with Chiang Kai-shek.
It made a non-negligible contribution to China's resistance to Japan
, is a great hero worthy of our learning.