The ten new years of the New Fourth Army are recommended every day

The New Fourth Army of the National Revolutionary Army, referred to as the New Fourth Army for short, was reorganized from the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army and guerrillas who remained in the eight southern provinces to carry out guerrilla warfare after the failure of the Fifth Anti-Encirclement and Suppression Campaign during the Second Kuomintang-Communist Cooperation.

From the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression to the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the New Fourth Army has gone through a ten-year course, and in these ten years, the New Fourth Army has had ten unusual new years.

New Year 1938: The Military Department is established in Hankou

After the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression in 1937, the Anti-Japanese National United Front based on the second Kuomintang-Communist cooperation was formally formed, and the Two Sides reached an agreement to reorganize the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army and guerrilla units engaged in guerrilla warfare in eight southern provinces into one army. Ye Ting expressed his willingness to lead this unit and proposed that the renamed "New Fourth Army" be changed, with the intention of carrying forward the tradition of the "iron army" of the Fourth Army of the National Revolutionary Army.

In late November, Ye Ting returned to Hankou from Yan'an, personally selected No. 26 Yamato Street, and began to prepare for the preparation of the New Fourth Army Headquarters. It was called the "Preparatory Office of the New Fourth Army" or "Office", and became the first station of the New Fourth Army Headquarters. On the afternoon of December 25, a meeting of all the cadres of the New Fourth Army in Hankou was held at the headquarters of the New Fourth Army, which was the first cadre meeting created by the Military Department, and this meeting marked the establishment of the New Fourth Army Headquarters.

Before the New Year of 1938, the New Fourth Army Headquarters used the New Fourth Army Guanfang issued by the Military Committee of the National Government (the Seal of Guanfang is rectangular and engraved with the words "Guanfang of the New Fourth Army of the National Revolutionary Army" and opened the relevant official duties. According to the instructions of the superiors, after the establishment of the New Fourth Army in Hankou, the New Fourth Army was ready to move to Nanchang. On January 4, 1938, Xiang Ying led the staff of the New Fourth Army to Nanchang by boat from Hankou, and Ye Ting stayed in Wuhan to continue to handle matters related to negotiations with the Kuomintang.

New Year 1939: Stationed in Yunling

In August 1938, the Headquarters of the New Fourth Army was relocated to Yunling. On January 1, 1939, the cadres of the New Fourth Army and its direct subordinate units held a New Year's Day fun conference. At this time, however, the news came that Chiang Kai-shek was going to appoint another kuomintang person to serve as the commander of the New Fourth Army.

Ye Tingsui went to Chongqing in early February 1939, and after a long talk with Zhou Enlai and Ye Jianying, accompanied Zhou Enlai back to Yunling on February 16. This was the only time Zhou Enlai came to the military headquarters. At the Headquarters of the New Fourth Army, Zhou Enlai conveyed the spirit of the Sixth Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee of the CPC Central Committee to the Southeast Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and the Military Headquarters of the New Fourth Army, and discussed strategic countermeasures for comprehensively launching guerrilla warfare behind enemy lines in the north and south of the Great River.

New Year 1940: Accepted the instructions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China to "develop northward"

In order to counter the first anti-communist upsurge set off by the Kuomintang diehards, in 1940, the New Fourth Army spent the New Year in Yunling in preparation for war. After the New Year of this year, in view of the form at that time, the Secretariat of the CPC Central Committee issued instructions on the development policy of the New Fourth Army, emphatically pointing out: "The policy of the Development of the New Fourth Army to the North has long been jointly determined by the Sixth Plenary Session of the Central Committee, and later when Zhou Enlai came to the New Fourth Army, he discussed the unanimous agreement of 'consolidating to the south, fighting to the east, and developing to the north.' Central China is currently the best developed area in the country. On January 29, Mao Zedong and Wang Jiaxiang sent a telegram to Xiang Ying and Ye Ting: The New Fourth Army 's main way out is in Jiangbei, and although it has lost its good opportunity, it still has to strive for Jiangbei."

New Year 1941: Reorganize the New Fourth Army after the "Anhui Southern Incident"

In mid-1940, the New Fourth Army smashed the Japanese and pseudo-"purge and suppression", and the whole army had grown to more than 100,000 people. In October, the Kuomintang government set off a second anti-communist upsurge, and Chiang Kai-shek secretly issued the "Plan for Resolving the New Fourth Army in Jiangnan". While exposing Chiang Kai-shek's criminal conspiracy, the CPC Central Committee decided to withdraw the New Fourth Army in southern Anhui to the north of the Yangtze River for the sake of the overall situation. On new year's day in 1941, the Headquarters of the New Fourth Army in Yunling prepared to move north as a whole.

On January 4, 1941, just after the New Year, the New Fourth Army led the southern Anhui army from Yunling to the north of the Yangtze River. On January 6, the New Fourth Army led the southern Anhui army to the Maolin area, and was besieged by the superior strength of the Kuomintang army, the army headquarters and the southern Anhui army were outnumbered, ran out of ammunition, most of them were scattered, sacrificed or captured, and the breakthrough was less than 2,000 people. Commander Ye Ting was detained by the Kuomintang army when he went down to negotiate, Yuan Guoping, director of the military's political department, was killed, and deputy commander Xiang Ying and army chief of staff Zhou Zikun were killed by traitors. After the "Anhui Incident" occurred, Zhou Enlai and others, in accordance with the instructions of the CPC Central Committee, lodged a solemn protest against the Kuomintang and exposed and attacked the Kuomintang's atrocities. The CPC's stand of just self-defense has won the sympathy and support of the broad masses of the people and public opinion at home and abroad, and the Chiang Kai-shek clique has fallen into political isolation. In response to Chiang Kai-shek's decision to cancel the name of the New Fourth Army, on January 20, 1941, the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of China issued an order to rebuild the Headquarters of the New Fourth Army, appointing Chen Yi as the acting commander of the New Fourth Army and Liu Shaoqi as the political commissar to continue to lead the New Fourth Army in the anti-Japanese struggle between the north and south of the Yangtze River.

New Year 1942: New Year's Day celebration in the absence of the commander

After the New Fourth Army Headquarters announced its reconstruction, in July 1941, the New Fourth Army Headquarters and the leading organ of the Central China Bureau of the CPC Central Committee were transferred from Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, to Funing Shu wing port.

On January 1, 1942, representatives of 26 countries, including the Soviet Union, the United States, britain, and China, signed the Declaration of the United Nations in Washington, D.C., and the international anti-fascist united front was formally formed. On the same day, the organs of the New Fourth Army held a meeting to celebrate the New Year's Day, but Chen Yi did not attend, and he went to Bancheng to attend the New Year's Day celebration meeting for cadres of the organs directly under the Fourth Division of the New Fourth Army and the units directly under them, to make a report on "The Current Situation and Future Work Guidelines," and returned to the military headquarters after the meeting.

On January 5, the leaders of the Military Department and the Central China Bureau moved to Shanjiagang (present-day Yangzhai Town, Funing County), where the first enlarged meeting of the Central China Bureau of the CPC Central Committee was held. This was an important meeting to comprehensively study and deploy the future tasks of the anti-Japanese base areas behind enemy lines in central China, which was presided over by Liu Shaoqi and determined the general tasks of the building of party organizations in central China and the New Fourth Army.

New Year 1943: "Settled" Huanghuatang

The New Year of 1943 was spent on the way to the military. On December 25, 1942, in order to crush the "sweep" of the Japanese army, the new Fourth Army moved from Yancheng To Xuyi, and arrived in Huanghuatang on January 10, 1943 (the Central Bureau of the CPC Central Committee moved here at the same time). Huanghuatang became the command center of the anti-Japanese resistance in central China. Huanghuatang was originally named Huanghuitang, and the local military and civilians proposed to change the name at the suggestion of Zhang Yunyi and Luo Binghui in carrying out a large-scale production campaign. During the period when the New Fourth Army was in Huanghuatang, it was code-named "Yellow River Brigade".

New Year 1944: Proposed to consolidate the layout of the development base area

On January 1, 1944, the New Fourth Army Headquarters held a meeting in Huanghuatang to summarize the work of central China and deploy the tasks for the new year. The Central China Bureau of the CPC Central Committee issued the "Instructions on Estimating the Entire Situation at Present and Tasks Ahead," which stipulates the future tasks of the entire central China Anti-Japanese Base Area, requiring a large number of development and training of local armed forces and militias; resolutely smashing the enemy's and pseudo-"public order and rectification" plan; completing the task of rectifying the work style and preventing adultery; strengthening the work of plotting against the puppet army; and carrying out in depth the campaign of supporting the government, loving the people, and saving production.

New Year 1945: Greeting the victory of the War of Resistance

On January 1, 1945, the New Fourth Army headquarters still spent the New Year in Huanghuatang. On the same day, the direct subordinate units of the New Fourth Army held a meeting to celebrate the New Year's Day of 1945, at which they made a report on "The Current Situation and the Tasks Behind the Enemy Lines in Central China." The Central China Bureau of the CPC Central Committee put forward the work policy of 1945, pointing out: At present, the fall of Germany is imminent, and japan's defeat is a foregone conclusion. Our tasks in the future are: first, to expand the Liberated Areas; second, to strengthen the work of cities and major transportation routes; third, to continue to develop production; fourth, to further consolidate the Liberated Areas; and fifth, to reorganize the one-party dictatorship of the National Government and establish a democratic coalition government with the greatest strength and by all possible means.

On the same day, the Political Department of the New Fourth Army issued instructions on supporting the government and loving the people: First, the achievements and shortcomings in the work of supporting the government and loving the people last year; second, the work of supporting the government and loving the people this year; third, political organs at all levels should earnestly study the basic reasons for the disharmony between the military and the people and the military-government relations in the past, and should discuss specific solutions and order all localities to abide by them.

New Year 1946: Reorganized and merged with Shandong Military Region

In the New Year of 1946, the military organs were spent in the reorganization and merger with the organs of the Shandong Military Region.

In August 1945, Japan announced its unconditional surrender. According to the strategic deployment of the CPC Central Committee, the Headquarters of the New Fourth Army and the main force of the New Fourth Army left northern Jiangsu and moved north to Shandong, arriving in Linyi City, the capital of the Shandong Liberated Area, in November 1945.

In order to defend the fruits of victory and fight back against Chiang Kai-shek's provocations, on December 27, 1945, Chen Yi was the commander and Li Yu was the political commissar of the Jinpu Front Command, which commanded the Battle of Jinpu Road, annihilating more than 28,000 Kuomintang troops. On January 7, 1946, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the Central Military Commission sent a telegram to the strategic regions, deciding to merge the New Fourth Army with the Shandong Military Region, and appoint Chen Yi, commander of the New Fourth Army, and commander of the Shandong Military Region.

New Year 1947: Command of the Battle of Lunan

Beginning in late June 1946, the Kuomintang tore up the armistice agreement and launched a full-scale civil war to launch a large-scale attack on the liberated areas of Shandong and central China. The various units of the Shandong Military Region fought against the invading Kuomintang troops in many places.

In the New Year of 1947, the New Fourth Army headquarters had moved to Qianhewan, a suburb east of Linyi City. In order to cope with the attack of the Kuomintang army, the new fourth army and the shandong military region resolutely counterattacked, and from January 2 to 20, 1947, Chen Yi, Su Yu and other commanders carried out the Lunan Campaign, which completely annihilated the Kuomintang reorganized 26th Division, the 1st Rapid Column, the 51st Reorganized Division and other units totaling 53,500 people. After that, Chiang Kai-shek had to abandon the all-out offensive against the Liberated Areas.

In January 1947, in accordance with the orders of the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of China, the New Fourth Army and the Shandong Military Region were abolished, and the Shandong Military Region merged with the Central China Military Region to form the East China Military Region, and the military regions under the Shandong Military Region were directly under the leadership of the East China Military Region. In February 1949, the Central Military Commission decided that the organs of the East China Military Region would leave Shandong and go south and form the Shandong Military Region, which would be incorporated into the East China Military Region.

Source 丨 Police Garden Heart Language

Editor 丨 Yang Jincheng

Responsible editor 丨 Huang Zengfu

Review 丨 Zhang Shubiao

Nujiang police

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