In medicine, the jaundice of newborns under the age of one month (within 28 days of birth) is called neonatal jaundice, which refers to the neonatal period, due to abnormal bilirubin metabolism, causing an increase in the level of bilirubin in the blood, and the appearance of skin, mucous membranes and scleral yellow staining as a feature of the disease, is the most common clinical problem in newborns.
Jaundice in newborn babies is a fairly common disease in newborns
About 85% of newborn babies develop jaundice after a week of age
therefore
All-round knowledge about jaundice
Mom and Dad must understand
This way the baby may suffer less sin
Let's take a look at the news first:
Sichuan Mr. Zhang's newborn baby was measured 13.4mg/d l of dermatobilirubin after birth, at this time, the doctor recommended hospitalization, and Mr. Zhang's family refused, they thought that neonatal jaundice is a very normal thing, after a period of time naturally went down.
However, things did not develop as imagined, after a day or two, the baby's skin became more and more yellow, did not drink milk all day, and drowsiness, the family panicked, hurriedly sent the child to the hospital, retested out of the skin bilirubin 24.0mg / d l, the total bilirubin value in the blood as high as 460.1 μmol / L, at this time, the doctor told Mr. Zhang, the baby needs immediate blood exchange treatment, otherwise the consequences are unimaginable.
Mr. Zhang's family did not expect that because of their own lack of attention, the child suffered so many sins.
To see this, the normal value of jaundice you need to know:
Normal jaundice in term infants: bilirubin less than 12 mg/d l (204 μmol/L).
Normal jaundice in preterm infants: bilirubin less than 15 mg/d l (255 μmol/L).
When the baby's jaundice value is higher than this value, you parents need to pay attention.
Then, it is necessary to distinguish between physiological jaundice and pathological jaundice
Neonatal jaundice is jaundice in newborns under the age of one month (within 28 days of birth). Neonatal jaundice is mainly manifested by yellowing of the face, neck, trunk and even the whole body, which usually subsides slowly after 2 to 3 days. Neonatal jaundice is divided into physiological jaundice and pathological jaundice, and the symptoms of these two jaundice are different, mainly manifested as:
Physiological jaundice in newborns has the following features:
1. Jaundice generally begins to appear 2-3 days after birth.
2. Jaundice gradually deepens, peaks on days 4-6, and gradually decreases later.
3. In newborns born at term, jaundice generally subsides in 2 weeks after birth, and premature babies generally subside in 3 weeks after birth.
4. The degree of jaundice is generally not deep, the skin color is pale yellow, jaundice is often limited to the face and upper body, the general condition of the child is good when jaundice, the body temperature is normal, the appetite is normal, the color of the stool is normal, and the growth and development are normal.
5. Serum bilirubin is more than normal 2mg/d l, but less than 12mg/d l.
Bilirubin is a type of biliary pigment, which is the main pigment in human bile and is orange-yellow. Bilirubin is the main metabolite of ferroporphyrin compounds in the body, which is toxic and can cause irreversible damage to the brain and nervous system, but also has antioxidant functions that can inhibit the oxidation of linoleic acid and phospholipids. Bilirubin is an important basis for clinically determining jaundice and an important indicator of liver function.
Pathological jaundice in newborns has the following features:
1. Jaundice appears prematurely and appears within 24 hours after birth.
2. Jaundice subsides too late, lasts too long, exceeds the normal resolution time, or jaundice has subsided and appears again, or jaundice regresses after peak hours and is progressively aggravated.
3. The degree of jaundice is too heavy, often affecting the whole body, and the skin and mucous membranes are obviously yellow.
4. When checking serum bilirubin, bilirubin exceeds 12mg/d l, or rises too fast, rising more than 5mg/d l per day.
5. In addition to jaundice, it is accompanied by other abnormal conditions, such as mental fatigue, less crying, less movement, eating less or body temperature instability.
What to do about neonatal jaundice
In general, most neonatal jaundice does not require treatment.
However, if needed, there are two methods of treatment for neonatal jaundice:
1. Light therapy
Light therapy is an adjunctive therapy for the treatment of hyperbilirubinemia in newborns by irradiation of fluorescent lamps. Light therapy can often relieve jaundice in newborns because ultraviolet light converts bilirubin into something that is more easily excreted through your baby's urine.
2. Blood exchange therapy
If the newborn's jaundice is severe or bilirubin levels continue to rise despite light therapy, your baby will need to undergo blood exchange therapy.
How to care for a jaundice baby?
Tip 1: Breastfeed your baby within 30 minutes of birth
Cause: Because colostrum has a slight laxative effect, it can facilitate the excretion of fetal stool, reduce the bilirubin content in the baby's body, and reduce neonatal jaundice.
Tip 2: In natural light, observe how yellow your baby's skin is.
Mild jaundice: just a yellowing of the face, which can be observed at home
Moderate jaundice: yellowing of the skin of the trunk
Severe jaundice: Yellow stains also appear on the limbs and the palms of the hands and feet, and you need to go to the hospital for testing.
Tip three: Eat and drink this kind of thing to reduce jaundice
1. Feed some glucose water: give the newborn baby sufficient water, which is conducive to the excretion of bilirubin.
2. Feed some lactic acid bacteria preparations: with the help of these drugs, the fetal stool can be excreted this morning.
3. Feed some Chinese medicine: the use of traditional Chinese medicine to play a role in clearing heat, detoxification, dampness and yellowing.
Tip 4: Baby's bowel movements should be observed
Peeper viewing: If you find that the diaper is soaked with urine to a particularly yellow color, at this time, you need to rush to the hospital.
Looking at the poop: when the poop becomes clay color, it should be considered whether it is pathological jaundice, which is mostly due to congenital biliary malformations.
Tip five: Be proactive in caring for your baby
1. Do more touch, can promote blood circulation, so that jaundice gradually subsides.
2. Go to the professional baby pool to swim, exercise can have the effect of eliminating jaundice and shortening the duration of jaundice.
note:
Physiological jaundice is harmless, only need to be properly nursed according to the above five tips, generally jaundice appears within 2-3 days, 7-10 days naturally subsides.
Pathological jaundice requires timely hospital treatment, usually within 24 hours, or after 5 days, lasts more than 2 weeks, and recurrent attacks.
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