【"Guandu Story" Audio】Episode 5: The Red Army's Long March Through Guandu

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Guandu has a long history and is well-known. From the legend of the Golden Horse, to the ancient tombs of Yangfutou, from the Yunnan-Vietnam Railway to Wujiaba Airport, from the ancient ferry port of Dianchi To the new center of Kunming; the Panlong River, the Baoxiang River, the Jinju River, meandering and flowing; Sai Dianchi, Qiannanyuan, Miao Yuntai, celebrities. Here, the wind and nostalgia of history reverberate, carrying the expectations and dreams for the future...

Guandu District Rong Media Center carefully planned and produced a 35-episode series of audio "Guandu Stories", recording history with sound and leaving nostalgia in the years. Today broadcast the 5th episode of "The Red Army's Long March Through Guandu" -

Author: Xiang Wen

Announcer: Lin Zheng

(1) The Central Red Army crossed the guandu

In mid-April 1935, the Central Red Army marched into Yunnan in three major strides. One of them, a corps led by Lin Biao and Nie Rongzhen, entered Yunnan from Fuyuan and passed through Guandu District through Qujing, Xundian, Malong, Songming and other counties.

On April 28, the Red I Corps entered the grass shoes and Banqiao areas of Xundian. In order to continue to confuse the enemy, the Central Revolutionary Military Commission of the Chinese Soviet (hereinafter referred to as the Central Revolutionary Military Commission) ordered the Red First Army to capture songming city and Yanglin town, forming a threat to Kunming, and attacking the city and seizing the land along the way to seize Longjiedu, and directing the main force of the pursuing enemy army in the direction of Yuanmou. On April 29, 1935, the First Army divided into two routes and marched into Songming County, northeast of Kunming. One way, one division and one regiment entered Kuang Lang Chong in Songming County from Xundian Tangzi, taking the road to Dapu and Yi Companion, and directly taking the county seat of Songming County; the other way, the sixth regiment of the Second Division entered Songming Xiaoxin Street from Yilong in Malong County, and along the West Yunnan Highway, occupied the military town of Yanglin and Yanglin Military Station, and captured 10,000 kilograms of grain and other materials. In the streets and key areas of Songming and Yanglin, the Red Army wrote and posted "Down with The Emperor Longyun of Yunnan!" in many places. The slogan "Fight to Kunming and capture Long Yun alive" created an atmosphere of attacking The city of Kunming. The city of Kunming was in a state of panic, and the local tycoons and gentry left the city to take shelter, and even foreign consulates were preparing to evacuate their families along the Yunnan-Vietnam Railway to Kaiyuan and Estuary. The enemy in the urban area built dams on bridges in many places along the Panlong River, raised the water level, strengthened the fortifications of the city, and mobilized vigilante groups from more than 10 nearby counties to defend the city, imposed martial law, and the outside of Kunming was empty.

On April 30 (March 28 of the old calendar), the main force of the 2nd Division of the Red First Army occupied Yanglin in Songming County and made an attack on Kunming. At the same time, the flank troops entered Xiaoshao Township in Guandu District in two ways: one way from Sibanqiao in Songming County, passing through Sanshigong, Lao tomb mountain, Xiaomu Mountain, Damai Ditang, Liangcha zhen, and JinzhongShan, and driving to the Baiyi area of Songming County; the other road departed from Yanglin and passed through Xialong, Zhonglong, Xinzhuang, and Rabbit Ear, and entered the Dianwei area of Songming County. Reconnaissance personnel dispatched by the Red Army went deep into the area of Dabanqiao in Guandu District (15 kilometers from Kunming) to learn from the local people about the mileage, path, and situation along the way to Kunming, and spread the news that the Red Army was going to attack Kunming, causing panic among the enemy.

The next day, the main force of the Red First Army entered the Azi Battalion in Songming County, further forming a threat to Kunming, forcing Long Yun to transfer all the already empty Dian troops to Kunming, creating a good opportunity for the Red Army to cross the Jinsha River in the north. On May 9, after a arduous trek, more than 30,000 people of the Central Red Army (excluding the Red Ninth Army) spent 9 days and 9 nights and crossed the Jinsha River in the victory of Kyaukpyeongdu in Luxun County.

At this point, the Central Red Army was freed from the pursuit and interception of hundreds of thousands of enemy troops, smashed Chiang Kai-shek's plan to encircle and annihilate the Red Army at the junction of Sichuan, Qian, and Yunnan provinces, and won a decisive victory in the strategic transfer. Marshal Nie Rongzhen once wrote in his memoirs: "After crossing the Jinsha River, we really threw away Chiang Kai-shek's army, which had been chasing us since the Long March, and separated by more than a week, which was undoubtedly a huge victory in the Long March. ”

(2) The Red Second and Sixth Armies crossed the guandu

In early April 1936, the Red Second and Sixth Armies (later renamed the Red Second Front) led by He Long, Ren Bishi, Guan Xiangying, Wang Zhen, and Xiao Ke entered Yunnan. On April 10, 1936 (March 19 of the old calendar), the left wing troops set out from the Azi Battalion in Songming County and entered Fumin through the villages of Sentinel Andinn and Malaoli, which originally belonged to the Shuangshao area of Guandu District, and captured Fumin City the next day. Another Red Army unit went south from Rat Street, passed through Shuangyu and Shuangshao, which originally belonged to Guandu District, entered Balipo, a small village in Huayugou Village, and then passed through Shalang in Xishan District to Meet In Fumin County. In late April, more than 18,000 Red Army troops of the Second and Sixth Armies successfully crossed the Jinsha River in Shigu, Lijiang County, and entered Zhongdian County.

During the Long March, the Red Army propagated revolutionary principles and cherished the masses, and the masses along the way of Guandu District were deeply moved, and the military and the people established a deep friendship.

When the Red Army passed through the village of Ma Laoli, Liu Xianrong, the son of the old stonemason, carried water to comfort the Red Army, and after eating one pick and one pick. The Red Army said excitedly: "Thank you fellow countrymen, there are so many Red Army soldiers we have passed, and you can't pick so many." The father and son of the Liu family said: "The Red Army is really good, cooking rice for you to eat is what it is, what does it matter if you pick up some water?"

Cui Kaili's father in Shuangqiao Village, on the road, met two wounded soldiers of the Sixth Division of the Second Army in the Battle of Xundian Liujia, so he helped them to his home and crossed the mountains every day to find herbs for the wounded to heal their wounds. The Dian army entered the village to search for the red army wounded who had fallen behind, and Cui risked his life to hide the wounded in the firewood and grass pile in the ear tower of his home, escaping the enemy's search. Under the meticulous treatment and nursing care of his family, the two Red Army soldiers gradually improved their wounds and proposed to chase after the troops, and the Cui family also made dry food for the Red Army and sent them to the direction of the rich people.

Sun Jinhai of Shanglong Village led the way for the Red Army, he was grateful to the Red Army for loving the people, took the initiative to help the Red Army pick up boxes, and took the Red Army to the Jinsha River, which lasted 20 days and traveled hundreds of miles. Li Youfu was a long-term worker of Li Huaqing, a landlord in Shuangqiao Village, who suffered from the oppression and exploitation of the landlords; he heard and witnessed the revolutionary propaganda of the Red Army and the fact that he "fought the rich and helped the poor." Mao Sai suddenly opened up, regarded the Red Army as his relative, and was determined to jump out of hell on earth, follow the Red Army to carry out the revolution, gloriously join the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, and go north to resist Japan.

The Red Army wrote many revolutionary slogans in Sentinxin Street, Shuangqiao Village, Shangxianglong and other places, which were later washed away by the Yunnan Military and Civilian Regiment. These slogans speak the hearts of the poor masses and are inscribed in their hearts, and many old people can still recite them: "Fight the rich and help the poor," "The Red Army is the children and soldiers of the workers and peasants," "Drag the Central Army, crush the Dian Army, and step on the future," and so on. The Red Army explained to the masses the revolutionary principle of going north to resist Japan and advocating fighting local tycoons and dividing up the land, and many old people still remember it vividly.

Wherever the Red Army went, discipline was strict, and Qiu did not commit any crimes. Many old people in Sentinel New Street, Shuangqiao, and Shangxianglong said that the Red Army was kind, bought and sold fairly, did not take the things of the masses, swept the floor for the masses and carried water, and was as close as a family. When the Red Army arrived at Sentinel New Street, it was already ten o'clock in the evening, the masses in the village had already fallen asleep, and the Red Army was afraid of disturbing the masses, braving the spring cold in the mountains and countryside to rest on the threshing ground and beside the main road. The next day, the Red Army sent people from door to door, visiting the poor and the poor, checking the discipline of the troops, and the villagers were all touched by the Red Army's action of loving the people.

The Red Army confiscated the property of the landlords, opened granaries, divided the grain, and provided relief to the poor and the common people. There was a bully in Dawan Village surnamed Zhou, who was the leader of the militia regiment, and the Red Army raided his home and distributed the floating wealth and grain to the villagers. Jia Chongming, a landlord in Shuangqiao Village, did many evil deeds on weekdays, bullied and oppressed the people, and when he heard that the Red Army was coming, he was scared away; the suffering people, with the support and encouragement of the Red Army, opened Jia Chongming's warehouse and distributed the brown sugar, bacon, old wine, and grain that had been hoarded for many years to the poor people, and everyone rejoiced and encouraged. The granary of the landlords in New Street was opened by the Red Army, and the people did not dare to divide the grain, and the Red Army carried the grain to the people's homes for revolutionary propaganda. The masses were touched by the Red Army's enthusiastic action of seeking happiness for the people and praised the Red Army as a caring person for the poor.

The Long March of the Red Army passed through the Guandu area twice, preached revolutionary principles to the masses, strictly observed revolutionary discipline, and exerted a far-reaching revolutionary influence among the local masses of the people.

Source: Au Rong Media Center