Xiangyang, Hubei Province, has given birth to many historical and cultural celebrities, becoming a famous cultural ancient city, the ancients recorded that "Xiangyang City, Benchu Xiayi, Tanxi with its west, Da Nang Mountain to its south, for the Chu Kingdom of the north of Jinye." Chu has erjin, which is said to cross from Xiangyang. From the Nanyang boundary out of the FangChengguan is also, through the Zhou, Zheng, Jin, Wei Road; its east, from Hanjin to Han, through Jiangxia out of Pinggao Pass is also, through the Chen, Cai, Qi, Song Way. "It is said that the Xiangyang City of Chu was the North Jin, and the east was the Chu Dongjin Ferry, and later after the evolution of history, The North Jin became the bustling Xiangyang City, and Dongjin Bay is still a small town, which is today's Dongjin Bay.
On an old street on Dongjinwan Road, local old people familiar with this area told me that at the beginning of the last century, there was a character who was rumored to be a "prodigy" in the local area, according to their parents, this person was studious and thoughtful at an early age, and wrote poetry and composition at the age of 9, and once wrote a 700-word article in one go. This person is Pan Wenyu, a famous revolutionary martyr who was born here as a famous red agent and was once a confidant of Zhang Xue's conscience, and was killed by the order of lao Jiang.
Pan Wenyu is a pseudonym of Pan Dongzhou, and his pen names are Qingyou, Dongzhou, and Dongzhou. In 1906, Pan Wenyu was born into an ordinary peasant family in Dongjin Bay. When he was young, he was sent to a private school by his parents to study, eager to learn and think, and at the age of nine, he was full of talent, writing and writing, and was praised by the locals as a little genius. At the age of 16, Pan Wenyu was admitted to hubei provincial second normal school. Because of his hard work, his literary skills were very outstanding, he was appreciated by Xiao Chunu, a teacher of Chinese literature in the school, and came into contact with revolutionary ideas under his enlightenment, from then on he actively participated in writing articles and giving speeches, calling on businessmen, workers, students, and civilians to organize themselves and carry out anti-imperialist patriotic movements. He was hired as an interpreter at the podium of Moscow University; soon afterwards, he was appointed Secretary-General of the Organization of the Delegation of the Communist International in Moscow.
After completing his studies in the Soviet Union, Pan Wenyu returned to China to serve as the secretary general of the Central Propaganda Department and founded the Red Flag. Pan Wenyu is very outstanding, able to write a good article, especially in understanding the intention of writing, but also a little bit of understanding, deeply appreciated by the leadership. Just when Pan Wenyu's work was getting smoother and smoother, he was ostracized by Wang Ming and was transferred to the Hebei Propaganda Department as an officer to do underground liaison work, and since then he has plummeted.
In July 1931, the darkest period of Pan Wenyu's life, he was ordered to an apartment in Peiping and secretly meet with underground workers, but what he did not know was that at this time, the underground institution had been betrayed by traitors and fell into the hands of the secret service, and Pan Wenyu was arrested.
However, because he had just arrived in Beiping, no one knew him and did not reveal his identity, and he thought that he should be able to pass the pass. What he did not expect was that what he participated in the interrogation was actually Liao Jiaoping, secretary of the provincial military commission who had already defected, and under the identification of the traitors, Pan Wenyu admitted his identity, at this time, Li Tiancai, confidential secretary of the Northeast Army Gendarmerie Command, appreciated Pan Wenyu's literary talent and wanted Pan wenyu to write a book for him, "China's National Defense Problems Under the Imperialist Artillery Fire", and in 1932, Pan Wenyu was released on bail, and Pan Wenyu, who was extremely frustrated politically, and because of Li Tiancai's strong persuasion and coercion, Pan Wenyu felt confused about the future. Simply doing only study, helplessly filling out the surrender form, and then publishing a newspaper to quit the party, he was soon expelled from the party by the organization, so he was very miserable and lonely in Beiping.
Subsequently, Pan Wenyu completed the book under the supervision of secret agents, in which he propagated the anti-Japanese united front and called on the people to rise up and strengthen their national strength and do a good job in national defense. He also used the fee to buy a batch of books as gifts and gave them to the patriotic soldiers in the Northeast Army, spreading to them the significance of resisting Japan and saving the country, calling on them to rise up and organize the united front of the whole nation, establish a solid national defense, resist foreign insults, and defend the territory, thus arousing the patriotic enthusiasm of many people.
After leaving the organization, Pan Wenyu was frustrated and miserable in life, but he never gave up his revolutionary ideals, and he still hoped to do something for the country and the nation. So he found his best friend and translated Capital together. After the two collaborated to complete the first volume of the first volume, Pan Wenyu himself completed the translation of the second and third volumes. At the same time, he also had time to go to some universities to explain some advanced ideas, and because of his progressive actions, it attracted the attention of the head of Beiping Teke.
At that time, the newly formed Beiping Teke was in urgent need of talents, and the head of the special branch, through a large number of investigations and analysis, believed that although Pan Wenyu was expelled, he had clearly stated in his surrender: "First, I do not take gendarme agents to the streets to arrest people; second, I have no secrets to talk about; third, I should not confront him." It shows that he still adheres to the sentiments of the revolutionaries, and there is no betrayal of the organization in his heart, but at that time, he was really unhappy in this situation, and the head of Thetek decided to recruit him as a member again and become a secret intelligence officer of Teco in Peiping. At this time, Pan Wenyu, who had changed from evil to righteousness, shed tears and solemnly said: "A mistake has become a thousand ancient hatreds!" Now I'm going to be human again."
After the "918 Incident", Zhang Xueliang saw the situation clearly, admitted the organization's anti-Japanese propositions in his heart, and took the initiative to ask the confidential secretary Li Tiancai about the organization's policies and guidelines, but Li Tiancai could not answer for many years when he left the party, so he often consulted Pan Wenyu, and the two also became friends. In January 1934, Zhang Xueliang returned from an inspection tour of Europe and was appointed by Chiang Kai-shek as the deputy commander of the "Suppression General" of the three provinces of Henan, Hubei and Anhui, and acted as commander-in-chief.
There is a well-known saying in Sun Tzu's Art of War: "Know yourself and know the other, and you will never lose a hundred battles." Through this sentence, we can know the importance of information in combat, who has more information will have more initiative, at this time Zhang Xueliang wants to understand the situation of the Red Army, Li Tiancai recommended Pan Wenyu. Because Pan Wenyu translated Capital and his understanding, so these things came to him at his fingertips, systematically talked about the line, guidelines, and policies, and Zhang Xueliang praised Pan Wenyu, calling Pan Wenyu his "teacher" and trusting him more and more.
Therefore, Pan Wenyu joined Zhang Xueliang's Northeast Army under the pseudonym Pan Dongzhou, and then transferred him from Beiping to the Headquarters of the "Suppression General" in Xujiapeng, Wuhan, and Pan Wenyu stayed with Zhang Xueliang to work and became the secretary of the lieutenant colonel of the confidential group. He wanted to understand the information of the Red Army and think about the feasibility of joint resistance against Japan. He gave the task to Li Tiancai, who gave the task to his subordinate Pan Wenyu. It took Pan Wenyu only seven days to compile the Policies, Regulations, and Some Unimportant Materials of the Red Army into a booklet called "Bandit Sentiments and Words." Zhang Xueliang was very satisfied, printed and distributed, and he also carried a copy with him. At this time, Zhang Xueliang already had great trust in Pan Wenyu. #张学良 #
At this time, Pan Wenyu took advantage of his work to promptly report the Kuomintang's military operation of "suppressing bandits" to Beiping Teke, who in turn reported it to the Red Army's combat front command. This intelligence played a crucial role in the Red Army, which used it to successfully get rid of the Kuomintang's "encirclement and suppression."
In 1934, in order to strengthen the ties between the various units, the Wuhan "Suppression General" printed the details of all the troops into a booklet and sent it to each place as a confidential document. Pan Wenyu, who was in the confidential group, copied a copy in time and passed the document to the Central Soviet District, allowing the Central Soviet Region to accurately grasp the enemy's details and making an important contribution to breaking the enemy's military "advance and suppression."
At this moment, the Kuomintang Beiping authorities suddenly dispatched all the forces of Beiping and destroyed The Beiping Teko, and more than 20 Beiping Teko intelligence personnel died heroically. During this operation, when the Kuomintang searched the Spring and Autumn Bookstore of the Beiping Teke Contact Point, it found many high-level documents of the Kuomintang, some of which were originals. In particular, they were greatly surprised to find top-secret documents of the Wuhan Kuomintang's "Headquarters for Suppression of Bandits," including a "Map of the Military Situation of the Suppression of Bandits in the Three Provinces of Henan, Hubei, and Anhui." Because this top-secret document was only issued to officials above the head of the Kuomintang regiment, the Wuhan headquarters kept a copy, and that copy was only kept by Zhang Xueliang's confidential secretary Pan Wenyu.
Chiang Kai-shek was extremely outraged by this serious leak of major military secrets, and sent an urgent telegram to Zhang Xueliang to escort the confidential secretary of the headquarters who had a good basis for banditry and the case was serious to Beijing for legal handling. But Zhang Xueliang believes that Pan Wenyu is a rare talent and wants to protect him; on the other hand, Zhang Xueliang is very righteous and has always protected his subordinates everywhere. After the incident, he believed that "it cannot be that a military situation map alone cannot mean that Pan Wenyu is undercover." "Since there is no complete evidence, there is no way to convict Pan Wenyu."
However, during the fifth "encirclement and suppression" of the Central Red Army, Pan Wenyu copied another deployment of troops and asked Teco to transfer it to the Red Army headquarters to crush the enemy's attack. What he did not expect was that the person who handed over the information defected, Pan Wenyu's identity was completely exposed, and at this time, Chiang Kai-shek completely got the evidence, and Zhang Xueliang was no longer able to return to heaven. Chiang Kai-shek accused Zhang Xueliang of being a fraud and did not appoint Chief of Staff Qian Dajun to monitor and execute Pan Wenyu.
At dusk on March 3, 1935, The 29-year-old Pan Wenyu calmly walked out of Zhang Xueliang's official residence. According to an afterward description of a Kuomintang officer who witnessed the execution, Pan was very calm and calm when he went to the execution site, did not change his face, and turned his hands back to signal the executioner to bind. Then he turned, facing the muzzle of his gun, looking dead.
After Pan Wenyu's sacrifice, because it was an underground work, not even a single photo was left, and left a three-year-old child, his wife Liao Sudan for more than ten years with hardships, pulling two young sons who were waiting to be fed, in order to make a living, she had been a teacher, a clerk, a warehouse manager, a cleaner and a nanny, and she really couldn't go on selling her property, and even sold the promise that Pan Wenyu gave her.
Pan Wenyu left us prematurely, but his tortuous struggle is little known, causing some misunderstandings and fog, the organization has not forgotten him, the comrades have not forgotten him. On May 30, 1988, Pan Wenyu was posthumously recognized as a revolutionary martyr, the 53rd year after his sacrifice, and his heroic deeds were celebrated in his hometown.