First, the special and tangled Liu Chan
Although the topic of Liu Chan has been relatively extensive, it still has to be discussed. Because this character is too special and confusing.
Liu Chan has two fathers, his father Liu Bei and his father Zhuge Liang, both of whom are too fierce, and can be called a rare heroic junjie in history. Liu Chan will naturally be benchmarked, and as a result, he will be abused to the point of slag. Is this luck or sadness? All of them!
Without the light of Liu Bei and Zhuge Liang, how could Liu Chan enter the center of the stage? Isn't that lucky?
But the problem is that these "two beams of light" are so dazzling that Liu Chan has nowhere to hide, and no matter what he does, he must be compared with Liu Bei and Zhuge Liang. Sima Zhao was already cattle enough, and he did not escape this law. After Liu Chan surrendered, he said: With liu chan as a figure, even Zhuge Liang's resurrection will not be able to assist him, let alone Jiang Wei's little boy.
So who should Liu Chan's real reference be? Naturally, it was Cao Rui, Cao Xi, Sun Xiu, Sun Hao, and so on. They are all second or third generations, etc., the same monarch, and they all have the great gods of the Three Kingdoms. If we compare it with these bits, we will easily find that although Liu Chan cannot be the first, he is by no means the bottom.
This is the real positioning of Liu Chan. Unfortunately, even now it is the same - everyone understands, but no one can avoid the light of Liu Bei and Zhuge Liang, and can only continue to pick the skin according to Liu Chan!
Those who deny Liu Chan, killed with a stick, just a sentence: Jun did not see "Liu Adou who could not be supported"? What else to say, keep beating!
Affirming Liu Chan, a mouth of lotus flowers came out, so that even Liu Chan's surrender without a fight had the support of the "crossing theory" - so that the three kingdoms were reunified in advance, and the common people were less affected by war... What else can be said, standing on the overall situation of history, we must praise!
In this way, Liu Chan went to heaven one second and hell the next, and did vertical movement - this is not special, and what is tangled? So how to evaluate Liu Chan relatively fairly? The author believes that it should be discussed from the following two angles.
Second, after Zhuge Liang's death, why did Shu Han still live for 29 years?
This question is evidence that many affirmative Liu Zen practitioners often come up with. The subtext is, don't you all say that Liu Chan is incompetent? How could such an incompetent person still let Shu Han survive for 29 years after Zhuge Liang's death? Therefore, Liu Chan is a Ming Jun.
The author's attitude is: although the truth is so, it cannot stand up to scrutiny! The reason why this phenomenon occurs must be divided into internal causes and external environments, and these two major blocks can be clearly seen.
External reasons: Before Zhuge Liang died, he was like a tendon, and he fought dead according to Cao Wei, and after so many years, even if the surplus grain of the Cao Wei landlord's family was more, he could not withstand this consumption. Therefore, as soon as Zhuge Liang died, Cao Wei grew a breath and began to enter a period of recuperation. The emperor's eldest brother Cao Rui directly opened the enjoyment mode.
Shu Han's sworn enemy was Cao Wei, and now Cao Wei does not attack Shu Han. Natural Shu Han cannot continue to erupt in the small universe, and will inevitably enter a period of recuperation.
So who created this external environment? It was Zhuge Wuhou! Some people always like to say that Zhuge Liang's Northern Expedition is too outrageous, why is it for himself to be in power, he should not be in the Northern Expedition and so on. But the ironclad fact is that it was Zhuge Liang's Northern Expedition that created an external living environment for Shu Han!
With the death of Cao Rui, Cao Wei entered the period of "three horses nibbling on the groove", during which Sima Yi, Sima Shi and Sima Zhao, together with the Cao Wei emperor and the forces supporting Cao Wei, fought each other "father and mother did not know each other", how did Cao Wei still have the energy to run to attack Shu Han? Of course, Cao Wei came once, but it was "Cao Shuangxiu", that is to say, Cao Shuang was purely brushing his capital!
Therefore, this external environment is the fundamental guarantee that Shu Han will not be attacked, not Liu Chanduo! It has little to do with him! At the same time, Jiang Wei's Northern Expedition also began by seizing the internal struggle between Cao Wei and Cao Wei. Don't always blame Jiang Wei for his poor military strength, this is the only chance for Shu Han to overturn, if Cao Wei is internally integrated, Shu Han will be crushed!
History fights for strength, not one or two people! Even if Zhuge Liang was so cattle, he was very honest when Cao Pi was alive, and there was no Northern Expedition. Because there was no fighter, Cao Pi immediately went north as soon as he died, because changing the emperor has always been a chaotic period, and the weak can win in chaos, or touch fish in muddy waters!
Internal reasons: This actually does not need to be explained too much by the author, before Zhuge Liang's death, he designated two prime ministers to Liu Chan in one breath, plus the ministers who were named and certified in the "Table of Teachers", etc., these positions are the real pillars of Shu Han, do not believe?
Let's see, why was Huang Hao able to come out in the late Shu Han Dynasty and let Liu Chan directly faint and not be saved? Isn't it because after these people die, no one can help Liu Chan? Forced Liu Chan to start the old routine of the old Liu family and use eunuchs to check and balance (Eastern Han Dynasty routine). People who have seen the Three Kingdoms should understand this. Don't explain!
Therefore, by combing through these two major elements, it can be seen that the real credit for Shu Han's survival for 29 years is also attributed to Zhuge Liang! Because the struggle between the Sima family and the Cao family is also because of the great prestige that Sima Yi, through the confrontation with Zhuge Liang's Northern Expedition, if there is no such prestige, will the three horses gnaw on the trough? Isn't that a joke!
Third, there is no forgiveness for this kind of thing alone!
After analyzing the pattern of the Three Kingdoms and the situation of the Shu and Han Dynasties, let's analyze Liu Chan as a person.
In fact, the author is more appreciative of Liu Chan. Without him, because Liu Chan was arguably the most generous of all the emperors of the Three Kingdoms, he almost never killed a minister—no one objected to this, right? Some people say that this is because Liu Chan is incompetent and weak.
But the author would like to say that this is where Liu Chan's shrewdness lies. Because Liu Chan is not infinitely "weak", only for a type of minister, it can be said to be merciless, let's look at the example first!
After Zhuge Liang's death, a Shu Han minister named Li Mi, who did not know what was going on, actually gave Liu Chan a recital, saying: Zhuge Liang, this person, is a wicked man who is as traitorous as a loyal, and he does not put the emperor's eldest brother in his eyes at all. Many of us have long looked at him unfavorably. Now that Zhuge Liang is finally dead, we should celebrate the whole country.
First, the author checked Li Miao, who is a native of Guanghan County. This proves that he belongs to the local tycoon forces in Yizhou!
Second, the reason why shu Han was able to operate peacefully and survive was because of the "Jingzhou forces and elder forces" as the dominant force. Such as Zhuge Liang, Jiang Wei, Fei Yi and so on. That is to say, the local tycoons in Yizhou have been suppressed - because of their "speculative".
When Liu Bei entered the river, he showed it very clearly. Later, after Deng Ai smuggled into Yinping, the same was true, and the person who persuaded Liu Chan to surrender was the spokesman.
With these two points, it can be clearly seen that Li Mi is not fighting alone, but on behalf of many suppressed local tycoons in Yizhou, speculating! They were not fighting "Dead Zhuge Ge", but sword-pointing at Jiang Wan and other Jingzhou (elder) forces, expecting to turn over.
So how did Liu Chan solve it? Suddenly furious, without saying a word, he threw Li Mi on death row and then killed him!
That is to say, Liu Chan was very sober, he understood what the purpose of such a "speculative" minister as Li Mi was, and did not give them any room for activity at all. It was precisely because Liu Chan killed Li Mi and firmly stated his attitude that Shu Han avoided a large-scale infighting and purges.
Otherwise, if Liu Chan had a little ambiguity at that time, he would have continued to pop out more "Li Mi" to form a momentum, and it would be difficult to deal with it if he wanted to deal with it again. Of course, you can also think that this is caused by Liu Chan's feelings for Zhuge Liang, but the author believes that feelings are attached to reality. Especially for Emperor Liu Chan and others, is feelings important or reality important?
This is actually equivalent to explaining once again why in the late Shu Han Dynasty, Liu Chan would allow the "Huang Hao phenomenon" to occur, because when the old generation of "Jingzhou (Elder) forces" died, the local tycoon forces in Yizhou could not be suppressed! Liu Chan had to push out the eunuch Huang Haolai.
Therefore, through the analysis of the Li Mi incident, we have to say that Liu Chan is very shrewd. However, in the face of the general trend of history, trying to reverse it by relying on one person's shrewdness or ability is tantamount to a moth to put out a fire -- like Jiang Wei, sending out the last magnificent flame and illuminating the history, it is also like Liu Chan, who has abandoned the son and conceded defeat, which is the case for any dynasty before its demise.
And Liu Chan's special and tangled thing is that Liu Bei is his father, and Zhuge Liang is his father...