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Shaolin Temple 200× 402cm 2020
Talk about landscape sketching
Text | Lin Haizhong
The sketching of landscape painting is quite difficult, and some painters are often overwhelmed in the real landscape, unable to start, or can only depict with the realism of the eyes, at most using the Western perspective method to take care of the landscape painting, unable to truly express the true realm of the landscape. The so-called "I don't know the true face of Lushan Mountain, but I am only in this mountain." Wang Xizhiyun of the Eastern Jin Dynasty: "People walk up the mountain vagina, thousands of rocks compete for shows, and thousands of valleys compete for the current." This reveals the mystery and true meaning of the ancients' observation of landscapes, which makes the hearts of later generations yearn for it.
Shaolin Temple Diagram Mountain Gate
The landscape vegetation of Shanyin in Jiangnan is rich and rich, and the trees are tall and dense. In the middle of it, people's vision is obscured, and their eyes cannot be far away. Not as good as the landscape in the northern Taihang area, the field of vision is vast and cheerful, and it can be seen for thousands of miles. However, Wang Xizhi has the sentence "A thousand rocks compete for shows, and ten thousand valleys compete for the current", which cannot help but make the reader sigh, and people who have been to the mountain vagina know that the naked eye cannot see thousands of rocks and valleys. Obviously, this is Wang Xizhi's inspiration, his understanding of landscapes. Only those who have a profound concern for the landscape can write such an infectious sentence that makes our future generations of scholars feel immersed in the scene, as if they are on the mountain vagina more than a thousand years ago, traveling through ancient and modern times, and swimming hand in hand with Wang Xizhi.
Thinking about landscape painting itself is an ascension, a kind of thinking outside the image, not a landscape painting seen by the naked eye. We know that seeing is not believing, objects are not near and far, perspective is actually an illusion, "a mountain ruler tree, an inch of horses and people" is the real proportion. So what is landscape? The ancients cultivated their emotions and felt the Taoist instruments of life, and the ancient sages had the joy of benevolence and wisdom, which refers to sending affection and swimming between mountains and rivers. Only such a high-ranking scholar can know the true landscape.
Lin Haizhong walked and sat down
The method of looking at landscape painting is the foundation of landscape painting, the key to our experience of true landscape painting, and the premise of landscape painting.
As for the method of viewing landscapes, it was already mature as early as the Six Dynasties. Zong Bing's "Preface to Painting Landscapes" is the first theory of landscape painting in ancient China. Among them, the view of landscape painting is written as follows: "Fu Kunlun is large, the pupil is small, and if the eye is forced to be inches, then its shape is invisible, and if it is several miles, it can be surrounded by inches." If the sincerity is slightly broader, then it will be small."
Lin Haizhong disguised figure
Mountains and rivers are great things, and they must be big and far away. In the middle of it, people are blinded by tall trees and boulders, and with the illusion of being near and far away, we cannot see the whole and correct proportions of the mountains and rivers with our naked eyes. At the same time, due to visual errors, we cannot see the correct proportions of landscapes, so we must "count the miles" or "sincerely go a little wider" to "look at the big and the small" to grasp the true proportions of the mountains and rivers.
Ice Heart Cave 34 × 19.5cm 2019
Successive generations of coats and painters, their understanding of landscapes has left a lot of experience, and widely left in their writings and paintings, which is worth learning from our posterity. The Northern Song Dynasty landscape painter Guo Xi summed up that mountains have three distances (high, far-reaching, and pingyuan); mountains have the law of mountains and rivers, which are feasible, hopeful, swimmable, and inhabitable. The fifth generation of painter Jing Hao wrote tens of thousands of pine books in the Taihang Mountains; Fan Kuan stayed in Zhongnan Mountain all his life, phi tu yu pair, deep in the wonders of the landscape. Their works are well versed in the true meaning of landscapes and rivers, and their spirit will not be extinguished for thousands of years. I can still feel its light to this day, which can be described as immortal.
Ice Heart Wonderland 34 × 19.5cm 2019
Sketching is only a necessary means for us to understand the true landscape, not our ultimate goal. The purpose is to understand the true mountains and true waters, grasp the laws of beauty, and be able to cultivate disposition in between, so that life can be nourished to enhance our life realm. It can be seen that the sketching of landscape painting has high requirements for painters, and first of all, there must be the concept of large landscapes. At the same time, we must have a considerable understanding of the real landscape, and we need noble sentiments and an open mind. Only those who understand the true beauty of landscapes and rivers can have unlimited vitality, can they get away with it, and can they reach the realm of "changing the gods".
Reading Rock 34 × 19.5cm 2019
Summarizing the experience of previous generations, the main points of sketching are nothing more than two: creation and heart. Creation is the natural body of the landscape, that is, the physical characteristics of the objective mountain stone trees. The second is the heart, that is, the discovery and improvement of aesthetics. The several realms that the ancients said, such as the creation of the master, the heart of the master, the heart of the master, and so on, did not come from this.
Buffalo herd portrait 24.3× 31.5cm 2014
The ancients said, "The eyes are extreme, so they can't be weekly." Because of the limitations of vision, it is impossible to get real understanding. The change and open thinking, eclectic, have formed a special photograph of the Chinese landscape painting method. Mountains are big things, and it is necessary to wade through mountains and waters, pitch high and low, and observe from near and far. The same is true of trees, which have different postures and characteristics. Pine cypress has the shape of a dragon and snake flying, ancient willow has the posture of probing the wind and water, and the sycamore has a high-spirited atmosphere. Moreover, various trees appear in a variety of different geographical environments.
Lao Junyan 34cm × 19.5cm 2019
In fact, it is not easy to find beautiful mountain stones and tree shapes. The teacher's creation mentioned above should be the first realization of painting landscapes. Learning directly from the real mountains and real waters, swimming between the mountains and forests, and soaking in the breath of the mountains and trees are the insights of a good artist. However, due to the limitations of the vision, I still have not been able to see the really good scenery of mountains and rivers. We linger on the limited mountains and forests we see, and in them we diligently sketch and our youth passes. At this moment, we may have gains, but because we have gained something, the ego begins to swell, and the arrogance is increased. We took a detour and wasted time without knowing it.
Dragon Yin Bamboo Figure 89× 48cm 2014
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For the sketch of the mountain peak, I thought of Shi Tao's famous sentence: "Collect the draft of the qi peak." In the face of the wisdom of the ancients, we have to bow our heads, because it is a pity to waste time. In the process of realizing the true mountains and true waters, the predecessors set an example. In order to collect all the strange peaks in the world, it is easy to talk about, and it is necessary to travel thousands of miles and visit all the famous mountains and rivers to be qualified to say. I think Shi Tao's words should also be his ideal. I still remember a lesson more than ten years ago, when I discussed the famous sayings of Shi Tao. The sketching of Yu Shu, which is equivalent to Shi Tao's experience in this sentence, is a record of Hongguzi Jinghao, who is said to have lived in seclusion in the Honggu Valley of Taihang Mountain and wrote tens of thousands of copies of Pine. I think that the sketches of tens of thousands of pine trees can understand the posture of the taihang pine trees.
Lotus Rock 34 × 19.5cm 2019
Learning from the ancients can improve wisdom and shorten the distance between our correct understanding of the laws of magnificent mountains and rivers. Song "Lin Quan Gao Zhi" Yun: "The mountain is feasible, hopeful, swimworthy, and inhabitable." Feasible, expected to be better than swimmer, liveable. Looking at the landscape for thousands of miles, there are less than one person who can swim and live. This is the perfect place for landscapes, which is the experience of the ancients, for later generations of scholars, as long as they go to the evidence, it is quite direct and simple, there is no need to start from scratch. Learn from the rich experience left by the predecessors, that is, the teachers of the ancients, through the language and paintings of the ancients can perceive and touch their hearts. And can there be any understanding in the sketching of mountains and rivers? When you are touched by the beauty of the landscape and have a fit with it, this fit is the heart. Maybe I met The Monk Shi Tao on a strange peak or a mountain, or I met Hong Guzi under an ancient pine in a deep rock cliff, and these kinds of hearts and fits are really wonderful. At this moment, you have won the hearts of the ancients.
Pumpkin tree 34 × 19.5cm 2019
Understanding the heart of the ancient sages is the core of sketching and traveling through the mountains and rivers, but even if it is in a state that can be matched at any time, it is still not the goal. The presentation of another realm is our pursuit, that is, to begin to discover ourselves. At this moment, we have a judgment of the landscape, a choice, and a perception arises from cognition, that is, the "receiving" and "knowing" in the state of "cultivation" mentioned in shitao's painting quotations. At this moment, I realize that my heart is all-encompassing, and my heart is like a wing, which can travel the famous mountains in the world and create mountains and rivers, and the so-called cloud smoke at the bottom of the pen is the same as the creation.
Artistic resume / Art resume
Lin Haizhong, the owner of Lin Quan Pavilion, is born in Yongchun, Fujian. Born in Hangzhou in 1968, he studied landscape painting in 1980. In 1986, he was admitted to the Zhejiang Academy of Fine Arts (the predecessor of the China Academy of Art) majoring in Chinese painting and landscape painting, graduated in 1990 with a bachelor's degree, studied for a master's degree in the same year, won the first Pan Tianshou Scholarship in 1991, obtained a master's degree in 1993 and stayed on to teach, from 1997 to 1999 he was the director of the Landscape Teaching and Research Department of the Chinese Painting Department of the China Academy of Art, and in 2004 he received a doctorate degree in Chinese painting and landscape from the China Academy of Art. He is currently a professor and doctoral supervisor at the School of Chinese Painting and Calligraphy art at the China Academy of Art.
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