As we all know, the Northeast Army is a well-known modern giant military group! At one point, this force grew to more than 300,000 people, and its commander was the famous Zhang Xueliang. From the outbreak of the 918 Incident to the end of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, countless anti-Japanese heroes emerged in this unit, such as: Ma Zhanshan, Huang Xiansheng, Feng Zhanhai, Lü Zhengcao, Wan Yi, Huang Yuyu, Gao Zhihang... However, what I want to introduce in this article is Zhang Xueliang's good friend, Ma Yugang.
Zhang Zuolin
Ma Yugang, a native of Tai'an, Liaoning. He was born in 1904, three years younger than Zhang Xueliang. According to some records, the Ma family is a well-known local wealthy family, which once had thousands of acres of land. Moreover, Ma Yugang's father was a good friend of Zhang Zuolin, Zhang Zuoxiang, Zhao Zhixiang and other fengjun elders. Under Zhang Zuolin's arrangement, Ma Yugang's father served as the county magistrate of Xifeng County. Under the influence of this background, Ma Yugang came to Shenyang very early and was also admitted to the Northeast Lecture Hall.
According to the investigation, he was admitted to the second infantry section of the Tohoku Gongwutang around April 1920, when he was only 16 years old. Among his more famous classmates were: Mu Chun, Guan Yuheng, Han Guangdi, Wang Delin, Chang Jingwu, Tao Xiu... His good friend Zhang Xueliang is a graduate of the first phase of the Northeast Daowu Tang, and Feng Zhanhai is a graduate of the third phase. Under this supplement, Zhang Xueliang is the son of Zhang Zuolin, the commander of the Fengjun Army, and Feng Zhanhai is the nephew of general Zhang Zuoxiang, the elder of the Fengjun Army.
Chang
In his spare time, Ma Yugang often went to Zhang Zuolin's grand marshal's mansion to visit the door. Therefore, he and Zhang Xueliang, Zhang Xuesi, Feng Zhanhai and others are particularly familiar with each other, and they are called brothers to each other. Zhang Zuolin loved him very much, arranged for him to come to the Quartermaster Department of the Fengjun Headquarters as an aide-de-camp, and also brokered him to betrothed to a rich family in Shenyang. Love career double harvest, only in his early 20s Ma Yugang can be described as a spring breeze. If it goes well, he can become a general.
In 1927, at the recommendation of Zhang Xueliang, Ma Yugang, who was less than 25 years old, was officially promoted to major battalion commander. Subsequently, he came alone to Shulan County, Jilin Province. At this time, his friend and apprentice Feng Zhanhai was the commander of the guard regiment of Zhang Zuoxiang, the overseer of Jilin Province. With the help of Feng Zhanhai, Ma Yugang quickly gained a foothold in Shulan. However, Ma Yugang's deputy battalion commander and several of his company commanders were all close associates of Fengjun Elder Xiqia, and they did not have the same heart with him.
Li Du
At Feng Zhanhai's suggestion, Ma Yugang transferred two of the company commanders and replaced them with his own. In addition, he also transferred several people he trusted, such as quartermaster Zhang Jinrong, clerk Fang Jingyuan, soldier Xiao Jun... However, due to Xi Qia's interference, he has not been able to transfer the deputy battalion commander and two other company commanders. In this explanation, Xi Qia is a descendant of the Manchu Qing Dynasty, who graduated from the Japanese Army Non-Commissioned Officer School in his early years and was the chief of staff of Zhang Zuoxiang, the overseer of Jilin Province.
According to the recollections of everyone, Ma Yugang has an introverted personality and does not like to socialize. He was good at riding horses and shooting, and had been practicing vigorously since coming to Shulan County, and had vigorously quit smoking throughout the battalion. His battalion had four companies and about 800 officers and men. With his efforts, the military discipline and training level of this cavalry battalion have improved by leaps and bounds. Soon after, he married his fiancée, and the witness was Zhao Zhixiang, who was then the envoy of Suining Town in Jilin Province and the brigade commander of the lieutenant general.
Feng Zhanhai
Ma Yugang greatly admired the talented subordinates, and at his recommendation, Fang Jingyuan was successfully admitted to the Northeast Lecture Martial Arts Hall. Later, Fang Jingyuan returned to this battalion and became deputy battalion commander. Xiao Jun also applied for the Northeast Martial Arts Hall at his recommendation, but his name fell in Zhongshan. Later, with the help of Ma Yugang, Xiao Jun impersonated others and finally entered the Artillery Section of the Northeast Daowutang. But he was too impulsive and once injured an instructor by mistake, so he was quickly expelled from school.
In 1931, the 918 Incident, which shocked China and foreign countries, suddenly broke out! The Japanese soon occupied the city of Shenyang, and then Xi Qia, the acting commander of the Jilin Provincial Border Defense Army, openly surrendered to the enemy and became the commander of the pseudo-Jilin Provincial Military and Political Office. In this context, Ma Yugang quickly drove away the deputy battalion commander, and then invited Fang Jingyuan to return as the deputy battalion commander. With the help of some underground party members on our side, Ma Yugang resolutely decided to play the banner of the Jilin Anti-Japanese Volunteer Army and resolutely resist the Japanese to the end.
Fang Jingyuan
Regrettably, he only expelled the pro-Japanese deputy battalion commander and did not detain or execute him. In addition, the two company commanders who had close personal relations with the deputy battalion commander were also pro-Japanese. However, Ma Yugang did not recognize their true faces. The two company commanders were good at disguise, and had always shown the illusion of resolute resistance to Japan and resolutely supporting battalion commander Ma Yugang. Therefore, the two company commanders remained. Xiao Jun had suggested that Ma Yugang kill both of them, but he did not take a stance.
Soon, Ma Yugang's troops officially played the banner of the Jilin Anti-Japanese Volunteer Army. According to investigation, this was one of the earliest military armed forces in Jilin Province to participate in anti-Japanese activities. Then, Ma Yugang resolutely refused Xi Qia's repeated solicitations, and sent people to contact the anti-Japanese troops led by Feng Zhanhai. Unfortunately, the pro-Japanese deputy battalion commander suddenly returned to Shulan County and bribed the two pro-Japanese company commanders. Subsequently, they surrounded Ma Yugang with hundreds of people.
Xiao Jun
Ma Yugang quickly subdued the two company commanders, but due to the weakness of the troops, he was eventually forced to leave Shulan County with a small number of officers and soldiers. Xiao Jun again suggested that he kill the two company commanders, but he did not do so out of some concern. He then led the remnants to Harbin and took part in the famous Defense of Harbin. According to Fang Jingyuan's recollections, Xiao Jun believed that Ma Yugang was an indecisive man, and then quickly left his troops.
Under the command of the famous anti-Japanese generals Li Du and Feng Zhanhai, Ma Yugang successively participated in the famous Defense of Harbin, the Battle of Jilin, and the Battle of ShulanCheng... At one point, he was wounded and stopped General Li Du, who was preparing to commit suicide. Eventually, the remnants of this force were forced to retreat into Soviet territory. Feng Zhanhai led some of his officers and men to Rehe, including his friend Ma Yugang. Subsequently, this unit was reorganized into an infantry division, with Feng Zhanhai as the commander of the lieutenant general's division.
Zhang Xuesi
Ma Yugang went to Beiping and met his friend and boss Zhang Xueliang. When the old people met, they were very excited. Thinking of the great rivers and mountains in the northeast and tens of millions of people, they all had red eyes. Subsequently, under Zhang Xueliang's arrangement, Ma Yugang sat in Shimen City, Hebei Province, for a long time, responsible for raising food, ammunition, quilts, and military expenses for the anti-Japanese troops in the northeast. At the same time, his father unfortunately died of illness in his hometown in the northeast. Zhao Zhixiang was reluctant to surrender to the enemy, and he committed suicide in 1933.
Under the command of General Li Du, commander-in-chief of the Northeast Anti-Japanese Coalition Army, Ma Yugang raised materials and military expenses for the anti-Japanese armed forces in the northeast while returning to the northeast many times to contact various anti-Japanese troops. One day in 1937, he personally escorted a shipment of supplies to the northeast. On the way back, the Japanese army had already occupied the city of Shimen in Hebei Province. As a result, he lost contact with General Li Du. Since then, he has not been able to find his superior department, and finally had no choice but to return to his hometown in the northeast.
Tohoku Lecture Hall
In the northeast, he joined a team of the Anti-League. However, this force was soon defeated by the Japanese. In desperation, he quietly returned to his home and idle. The family was overjoyed and hoped that he would accept this and live honestly, but he was not willing. Many high-ranking officials of the Japanese puppet army sent people to woo him, but he sternly refused. However, for the safety of his family, he was forced to "shake hands and make peace" with his brother-in-law, who had already defected to the enemy. Privately, he continued to resist the Japanese.
In 1945, the War of Resistance finally came to an end. Ma Yugang was completely tired of the war, so he did not come back. He once planned to sell his fields and then go to Shenyang to teach. But due to the firm opposition of his family, he had to give up the idea. At home, he has been reading books to pass the time. Later, our army liberated Tai'an. At the invitation of a good friend, he once assisted our army in the local work of suppressing bandits. Shino went south, and because he was in love with his family, he didn't go with him.
9/18 Incident
After the founding of the country, he was ready to become a teacher. As for his disciples and comrades-in-arms, many of them have grown into senior commanders of our army, such as Lu Zhengcao, Wan Yi, Zhao Donghuan, Zhang Xuesi, Sha Ke... Probably because of his strong self-esteem, he did not go to these big people. At this time, he only wanted to be a primary school teacher, teach and educate people, and live honestly. However, this calm day was soon broken by some external factors.
Northeast Volunteer Army
The Ma family was a well-known large family in Tai'an, so his family's thousands of acres of land were quickly confiscated. Moreover, the Ma family did not even get a single acre of land. The locals all know that he once fought a devil, but they don't know his origins with our party and our army. In the end, in order to survive, his mother had no choice but to take several grandchildren and granddaughters to the street to beg for food. Ma Yugang actually wrote dozens of letters to Zhang Xuesi, hoping that Zhang Xuesi could prove his identity and anti-Japanese merits.
However, he did not know Zhang Xuesi's address. Therefore, Zhang Xuesi did not receive any letters from him. Naturally, Zhang Xuesi could not help him. At this time, Ma Yugang's wife could not stand the current life, so she chose to divorce him. Ma Yugang's mother died soon after, and he took several children with him to live with him. Later, one of his daughters became a worker, and the family's living standards finally improved, but it was still extremely miserable.
Feng Zhanhai's troops
In 1960, the Ma family was completely in a desperate situation. Soon, the anti-Japanese hero Ma Yugang died of illness at home at the age of 56. He is said to have heard that his friend Zhang Xuesi was working in Dalian. Therefore, he arranged for a child to go to Dalian to join Zhang Xuesi. In fact, Zhang Xuesi was serving as deputy chief of staff of the Navy in Beijing at this time. Neither he nor the child knew Zhang Xuesi's actual address, and the child quietly climbed onto a train and ended up accidentally falling into the inner Mongolian steppe.
Northeast after the end of the War of Resistance
This article mainly refers to the following materials: Mother River, Tai'an County Chronicle, Fang Weiai Memoirs, Xiao Jun's Memoirs, Biography of the Famous Anti-Japanese General Li Du, Feng Zhanhai's Anti-Japanese War Documentary, Feng Zhanhai's Anti-Japanese War Spirit Research Anthology, Shenyang Literature and History Materials Anthology, Shulan County Chronicle, The Legend of the Northeast Army, The General's Narration of the Northeast Army's War of Resistance, Memories of Zhang Xueliang and the Northeast Army... If there is any mistake, welcome to correct it! In addition, Xiao Jun's original name was Liu Honglin, he was from northeast China, and later became a famous writer.