The Qing Dynasty was the last feudal dynasty in China's history, but because the Qing Dynasty was a dynasty established by the Jurchens, he inherited the political system framework of more than ten feudal dynasties in the political system, but on this basis, there was a difference between it and the previous dynasties.
In the dynasties established by the Tang, Song, Ming and other Han Chinese in China, after the death of the first emperor, they will arrange some auxiliary ministers to assist the young princes, but after the Qing Dynasty, there are not only auxiliary ministers, but also auxiliary ministers such as the king of the government, the king of the auxiliary government, the prince of the regent, and so on. What are the tasks of the Councillors, the Auxiliary Princes, the Regents, and the Auxiliary Ministers, and which position is the most powerful?
1. The King of Parliament
Before Nurhaci established Houjin, the Jurchens existed in the form of tribes, and any major events encountered in the tribe were jointly decided by the tribal chief and Baylor. After Nurhaci established houjin, according to the previous practice, Daishan, Amin, Mang gultai and Huang Taiji were appointed as the Great Baylor, so that they had a higher status than other Baylors and were responsible for the rotation of state affairs, which was the prototype of the Council of Ministers.
Nurhaci's other sons and nephews, Dorgon, Dodo, Yueto, and Zilharang, grew up, Nurhaci appointed them and the four great beylers as Heshuo Belle, and let them eight people jointly be responsible for governing the country, that is, "eight kings co-rule", which perfected the Council of Ministers.
Heshuo Belle, who participated in the Council of Ministers, was the King of Parliament. The manchu Qing dynasty was dominated by the Great Khan Nurhaci, emperor Taiji, Daishan, Dolgun and other eight and Shuo Belle, only to participate in the regime, although they can decide some national events, but the power is shared by many people.
2. Auxiliary Minister
Before the death of the former emperor, if the crown prince was young, he would arrange for some loyal and capable ministers to assist the government, for example, when Liu Bei of Shu Han died, he arranged for Zhuge Liang to assist Liu Chan, so that Shu Han had more than a few decades of state power, but there were also some ministers who would take advantage of the opportunity of the auxiliary government to govern the country and take power into their own hands, such as Wang Mang, Huo Guang and others, from auxiliary ministers to powerful ministers. Some of the auxiliary ministers, such as Sima Yi, Cao Fang's assistant chancellor, and Yang Jian, the assistant chancellor of The Zhou Jing Emperor, seized power and usurped Jiangshan.
During the Qing Dynasty, when Shunzhi died, He arranged Sonny, Shubilong, Suksaha, and Aobai as auxiliary ministers for his son Kangxi. These four people made important contributions to the stability of the Qing Dynasty and the governance of the country, but later, the situation of the Aobai family dominating the country was formed, threatening the imperial power, and Kangxi only cleared the auxiliary chancellor of the threat to him after training a group of pro-noble sons and capturing Aobai.
After Xianfeng's death, he arranged 8 people, including Zaiyuan, Duanhua, and Sushun, as auxiliary ministers of his son Tongzhi. After Xianfeng's death, the eight ministers such as Zaiyuan, Duanhua, and Sushun were eliminated by Cixi, Ci'an, Prince Gong, Yixin, and others, and the empress dowager of the two palaces "bowed to the government".
Auxiliary ministers are ministers who assist the emperor in governing the country, the real power is in the hands of the emperor, and the auxiliary ministers only have the right to assist, but the auxiliary ministers are also easy to become powerful ministers, and after they take power in their own hands, the emperor will become their puppets, and even the auxiliary ministers will usurp the throne.
3. Auxiliary King
The duties of the auxiliary prince and the auxiliary chancellor are similar, the auxiliary chancellor is assisted by the minister to govern the country, and the auxiliary prince is assisted by the prince to assist the emperor in governing the country.
After the death of the second emperor of the Manchu Qing Dynasty, Emperor Taiji, he did not arrange an heir, so there was a situation where Hao Ge and Dolgun fought for power. Dorgon had the support of his two brothers, Azig and Dordor, who controlled two white flags, and Brother Hau, who had two yellow flags and a blue flag that he controlled, so the two were evenly matched and could not stand each other. At the critical moment, The Zheng Blue Banner Lord, Prince Zheng, Zilharang, proposed that Fu Lin, the son of Emperor Taiji, be made emperor. After weighing the pros and cons, Dorgon also decided to support Fu Lin as emperor.
After Fu Lin became emperor, The Rui Prince Dorgon and the Zheng Prince Zilharang had the merit of support, so the two of them became the auxiliary princes of Fu Lin.
Princes such as Dorgon and Zilharang were higher in the Manchu Qing Dynasty than ministers such as Soni and Aobai, so the status of auxiliary princes was higher than that of auxiliary ministers.
4. The Prince Regent
There were two regents in the Manchu Qing Dynasty, Dolgun and Puyi's father Zaifeng. After Dorgon and Zilharan became regents of Fulin. Soon, someone denounced Zilharang, saying bad things about Dorgon behind his back, forcing Zilharan to resign as auxiliary king.
After Zilharang resigned as auxiliary prince, Dorgon began to monopolize power. After Dorgon gained power, he was not satisfied with being an auxiliary prince, promoted himself to regent, and began to exercise power in place of the emperor. Dorgon even took the jade seal representing the imperial power to his own palace and became the de facto emperor. Zaifeng, another regent of the Manchu Qing Dynasty, also exercised imperial power on behalf of his son Puyi.
5. Summary
Auxiliary ministers and auxiliary princes, responsible for assisting the emperor in governing the country, if the auxiliary ministers and auxiliary kings, can not become powerful ministers, they only have auxiliary powers, relatively speaking, less power. The King of Parliament has participated in the government, so his status is higher than that of the auxiliary ministers and auxiliary princes, but the highest status and the greatest power are still the regents, because the regents act in place of the emperor, so his power is unmatched.
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