How do Japanese textbooks tell about the Korean War? The blatant reversal of black and white is infuriating
The War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, which occurred in the 1950s, was a war to defend the homeland, and US aircraft repeatedly invaded China's territorial airspace and bombed the Dandong region. The decision to defend the family and defend the country quickly formed the People's Volunteer Army to enter the Korean War. It was a just battle, but neighboring Japan blatantly reversed the black and white of the war in textbooks, which was infuriating.
Oil painting of China's War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea
None of the history textbooks published by the seven publishing houses accurately reflect the real reasons for China's invasion of Korea. In 1950, after the Korean Civil War, the United States intervened on a large scale on the Korean Peninsula in the name of the United Nations army and burned the flames of war to the Border between China and North Korea, while the US Seventh Fleet entered the Taiwan Strait and threatened the socialist regime of new China. Based on this, it is not difficult to understand that the purpose of the Chinese volunteer army's invasion of Korea is to resist the United States and aid Korea and defend the country. However, some textbook descriptions tend to mislead students that China intervened in the Korean civil war in order to help North Korea, which provoked the war first.
"In 1950, North Korea attacked South Korea and began the Korean War. The U.S.-led United Nations forces supported South Korea, and the Chinese People's Volunteer Army supported Korea, and the war lasted until the signing of the truce in 1953. (Tokyo Books, 2005)
"In 1950, there was a battle on the 38th parallel and the Korean War began. The United Nations army, led by U.S. troops, helped South Korean troops, who had been chased to the south of the peninsula, fight. After that, China sent volunteer troops to aid North Korea, and the war situation changed, and it repeatedly advanced and retreated near the 38th parallel. "Note: The Security Council of the United Nations, in the absence of representatives of the Soviet Union, adopted a resolution condemning Korea as an aggressor country and decided to send United Nations troops." (Osaka Books 1991 edition)
"In 1950, the Korean War broke out in Korea, which was divided between north and south. The United Nations Security Council, in the absence of the Soviet Union, identified the Democratic People's Republic of Korea as the aggressor and dispatched the United Nations forces, with the U.S. military as the main force. In contrast, China also sent volunteers to North Korea. (Xuetu Publishing House, 1980)
"The United Nations forces, centered on the United States, once pursued the North Korean army to the border with China, and the People's Republic of China, in order to help the Korean army, then engaged in a tug-of-war near the 38th parallel." (Imperial College, 1992 edition)
"In June 1950, the Democratic Republic of Korea went south with the goal of reunification by force, and the Cold War finally turned into a hot war on the Korean Peninsula. In the absence of the Soviet Union, the United Nations Security Council decided that the North was an aggressor Power and decided to send United Nations troops to the South. The United Nations, mainly the United States, counterattacked (North Korea) and approached the Chinese border, and the People's Republic of China sent volunteer troops to North Korea. (Japanese Culture and Education, 1997 edition)
Only two versions of the above-mentioned textbook mention That China sent troops to North Korea because "The United Nations army is approaching the gates of the country." The textbook either thinks that the DPRK attacked the ROK first, or clearly pointed out that the DPRK is an aggressor country, and because it first characterizes the DPRK, it also invisibly makes the students mistakenly believe that China's invasion of the Korean Peninsula is an "aggressor country" that supports the "act of aggression." In fact Chinese the purpose of the Volunteers entering Korea was more to defend the country. This, in turn, can easily create a misunderstanding for students.
"The United Nations army led by the United States supports South Korea, and the Chinese People's Volunteer Army supports North Korea." (Tokyo Books 2005 edition)
"In 1950, North Korea attacked South Korea and the Korean War broke out." In the commentary, it is mentioned that "the United Nations army with the main force of the United States army participated in the war to support South Korea, China sent volunteer troops to support Korea, and the war fell into a state of tug-of-war near the 38th Line." (Osaka Books, 2005 edition)
"The antagonism between the two worlds also affected Asia, in 1950... The U.S. military (UN forces) supported South Korea and the People's Republic of China supported North Korea, fighting fiercely. (Clearwater Academy, 2005)
"North Korean troops crossed the 38th parallel in order to unify Korea." (Imperial College 2005 edition)
The Cold War erupted in flames on the Korean Peninsula. In June 1950, Korea went south with the support of the Soviet Union for the sake of reunification by force, and the Korean War broke out. The United Nations decided to impose sanctions on North Korea and dispatched Uncom troops, mainly U.S. troops. China then went to war to aid North Korea. (Educational Press, 2005)
The above-mentioned versions of the textbook seem to attribute the reason for China's participation in the war to the fact that China is a pole in the two worlds, and there is no proper and objective analysis of the background and reasons for China's participation in the war. The Japanese textbooks describe objectively the reasons for the outbreak of the Korean War. However, the understanding of the nature of the war is not very clear, and the reasons for China's participation in the war are also very vague.
"In June 1950, in order to achieve reunification by force, North Korea crossed the 38th parallel southward and clashed with the South Korean army, and the Cold War finally turned into a fierce battle (Korean War) on the Korean Peninsula, and the United Nations Security Council, in the absence of the Soviet Union, resolved to pass North Korea as an aggressor country and send United Nations troops with the United States as the main force to South Korea. When the United Nations army approached China's borders, China sent volunteers to Korea..." (Japanese Culture and Education, 2005 edition)
The descriptions in Japanese book editions of textbooks seem to allude to The protracted Korean War by China's aid to North Korea, which is clearly inconsistent with historical facts.
"After the war, like Germany, Korea was divided into north and south, and the Democratic People's Republic of Korea tried to unify by force, attacking the Republic of Korea in June 1950 and launching the Korean War. The United Nations forces, mainly the United States, supported South Korea's participation in the war, and China also supported North Korea in sending volunteer troops to the war, resulting in a long-term war. The fighting went on and on, and it was not until 1953 that an armistice was concluded. (Japanese Books, 2005 edition)