In fact, the lack of firepower did not only appear in the Korean War, and those familiar with history know that the army led by the Chinese Communist Party has been underpowered since the day of its birth, compared with its enemies.
During the Red Army period, don't talk about artillery, even guns can not be done by hand, after the Jinggangshan Division, the Red Army was reorganized, the Red 12th Division of the Fourth Army, the main force of the Red Army, the division commander is Chen Yi,
At that time, the division of more than 5,000 people only had more than 100 guns, on average, every 50 people had a gun, and those who did not have guns used shuttle darts, so this division was called a shuttle dart division; in 1928, when the Huangyang Boundary was defended, the Red Army arranged five lines of defense, the first was a bamboo nail array; the second was a bamboo hedge obstacle; the third was a rolling wood thunder stone; the fourth was a trench, and the fifth line of defense, the Red Army only arranged firearms, but each soldier only had 3 to 5 rounds of ammunition, and the firepower was seriously insufficient.
At that time, the Red Army itself did not have the ability to build guns and cannons, and there were only two ways to obtain equipment, one was to buy, and there were two difficulties in this method, first of all, the price of guns and cannons was too expensive, the Red Army was too poor, and secondly, there were too few people selling guns and cannons to obtain a large number of them. The second is to grab, this method the Red Army is the best at, the Central Soviet Region in the second anti-encirclement and suppression of more than 20,000 guns, the third anti-encirclement and suppression of more than 15,000 guns captured, for a long time Chiang Kai-shek was the Red Army's transport brigade leader, during the War of Resistance Against Japan, the transport brigade leader became Japanese, during the Korean War, the United Nations Army (especially south Koreans) played a part of a similar role.
Of course, self-reliance is the fundamental way to solve the problem, but for a long time, due to the poor industrial base of the mainland, manufacturing equipment is poor, although the establishment of large and small arsenals, but can only build a small number of bullets, rifles, grenades, mines and other small weapons, not to mention the cannon even machine guns can not be made, and the quality of these small weapons created is poor, take the soldiers' favorite grenades, even in the period of the War of Resistance Against Japan, some of the grenades made in our border area can not be blown up at all, some although they have been blown, But it is a blast in half, even if it is blown up, it does not exist in the movie, the enemy is dead a large piece, most of the time, the Japanese devils stand intact, a little confused, the whole body is covered with a large amount of black powder, far away looks like the old demon of Montenegro. (This problem did not improve until the middle of the War of Resistance Against Japan.)
In 1949, after the founding of the Republic, the weapons of our army were mainly stolen, Hanyang made (very few), there were officially, there were many 38 big covers (the Northeast Field Army was equipped with two whole armies), carbines were also relatively large (mainly equipped with the East China Field Army), Soviet rifles were (left when the Soviet Union withdrew from the northeast, mainly equipped with the Northeast Field Army), Soviet guns, Japanese guns, American guns have some, American tanks, Japanese tanks, Soviet tanks have some, but the number is too small, it can be said that the entire wanguo made.
What is fatal is that the mainland could not even build artillery shells for a long time, let alone tank shells; in the period of the War of Resistance Against Japan, the firing of artillery shells must be agreed by the brigade commander, and it is a batch of one round, and in the period of the Liberation War, the shells must be approved by the division commander, and it is also a batch of one shot, and this day is not even as good as the Cannon Fodder Regiment of the Kuomintang (in the movie "My Regiment Commander My Regiment", as long as the head of the Cannon Fodder Regiment approves, the cannon can be fired).
Insufficient firepower is a long-standing problem in our army, but the fear of insufficient firepower appeared on the Korean battlefield, and compared with the night battle phobia in the United States, it was not Chinese soldiers but Chinese generals who suffered from this disease.
In the face of the enemy's superiority in firepower, the soldiers of our army seem to have become accustomed to it, they braved the enemy's gunfire and bullets, charged into the battlefield, fought tenaciously, blew up bunkers, bombed tanks, survived for a while, fought non-stop, and won one victory after another.
In the bloody battle of Chosin Lake, the soldiers of our volunteer army launched a fierce attack on the encircled US 1st Marine Division, one squad fell, rushed up to a platoon, a platoon fell down and rushed up to a company, and even a whole battalion fell on the road of the charge in less than ten minutes. After the end of the Korean War, the commander of the 9th Corps, Song Shilun, stood silently on the shore of Chosin Lake, unwilling to leave for a long time, I don't know what he thought at the time, but he vowed to increase the firepower of our army must be one of them.
In the Tieyuan Blockade Battle, Fu Chongbi of the 63rd Army woke up and asked For General Peng's troops, and under the strong firepower advantage of the combined army, the 63rd Army only had less than 10,000 people left. In the Battle of Shangganling, the commanders of our army who came down from the battlefield alive were all in tears, and when they went up, they were full of personnel, and when they came back, there were very few, and these iron-clad men could not bear it, and they almost collapsed, and General Qin Jiwei, commander of the 15th Army, did not dare to return to his hometown after the war. Few of the soldiers he brought out of his hometown returned alive, and he could not face his father and fellow countrymen in his hometown.
After the end of the Korean War, our army began to do everything possible to enhance our army's firepower, from bullets to artillery shells, from rifles to machine guns, from mortars to rocket launchers, from howitzers to rocket launchers, from warships to aircraft, and the overall layout was improved. At that time, our army had more than 800 tanks and self-propelled guns, more than 9,000 artillery pieces of various kinds, and more than 30,000 vehicles of various kinds, which had far exceeded the scale of the Korean War. In the counterattack against Vietnam, 48 artillery regiments were used, more than 880,000 shells were fired, 90% of the Casualties of the Vietnamese Army were caused by our artillery, and the Vietnamese people's words to their superiors for help were highly consistent: "China's artillery fire is too fierce, we can't stand it!" ”
Nowadays, our army's rocket artillery is leading the world, the missile army has threatened the security of the United States, the 055 destroyer even the Americans are red-eyed, the J-20 fighter can be compared with the F-22, although compared with the US military, our army's firepower is still insufficient in some aspects, but the overall difference is not big, our army's lack of firepower is entering history, as to whether there is a lack of firepower phobia, then I am not clear.
In the Korean War, the victorious China suffered from the phobia of insufficient firepower, and the defeated United States actually suffered from phobia, that is, the phobia of night war, and unlike China, the main people suffering from night war phobia were not American generals, but American soldiers.
In the Korean battlefield, in order to avoid the casualties caused by the powerful firepower of the United Nations army (mainly aircraft) to me, the volunteer army used a large number of melee night combat to attack the enemy (due to the long-term lack of firepower of our army, it has trained superb melee night combat skills), after several confrontations, the United Nations soldiers began to fear the night, and at night they did not dare to sleep, stared at the eyes, pricked up their ears, and were wary of our army's night attack.
The United Nations army used a simple and effective method against our army's night battle. At night, the UNITED Nations army in the field will put tanks, armored troops, etc. outside, surrounded by a circle, forming a ring fortification, soldiers will gather in the fortification camp to rest (when the United Nations army in the field is attacked by our army also use this method), these ring fortifications are actually an ideal target for artillery fire, unfortunately at that time, our volunteer army either had no guns, or had guns and no bullets, and could only watch dryly, but there was no way (at the beginning, our army tried to attack such fortifications, but the enemy fire was too strong, Either we can't fight it, and even if we do, we often suffer heavy casualties.)
On the night of November 27, 1950, in Xiajie, our volunteer army decided to send 2 platoons of troops to take the 1071 heights, and when they attacked the third highland, only seven soldiers were left, and these seven fighters relied on the US fortifications and a captured heavy machine gun to fight fiercely for six hours, repelling six counterattacks of the US army, until after dawn, my large troops came, according to post-war statistics, my two platoons of fighters eliminated the strength of a company of the US army overnight. On the night of November 16, 1951, the 3rd Squad of the 7th Company of the 423rd Regiment of the 141st Division of the 47th Army of our Volunteer Army, under the leadership of Deputy Company Commander Gu Wenyi, was ordered to seize the highlands on the east side of Fengshudong, the highlands southeast of Song da Nang, and the highlands on the northeast side of Neifeng Village.
In the Battle of Shangganling, from the 21st to the 29th, our troops stationed in the tunnel took the initiative to attack 158 times at night, and all but 9 defeats were successful, and more than 2,000 enemy were annihilated. At that time, the United Nations army had occupied the surface position, the soldiers of our volunteer army were forced to retreat to the tunnel, the situation was extremely critical, even in this case, the success rate of our army in night combat could exceed 94%, which shows how strong our army's night combat ability is. MacArthur's second commander of the United Nations army was Four-Star U.S. General Ridgway, who described the Chinese Volunteers this way: "Chinese were strong and fierce fighters who often marched at night and were more familiar with the terrain than we were." They are accustomed to the climatic conditions and hard life in Korea, the Chinese army's attacks at night are particularly mysterious and incredible, Chinese soldiers are warriors, they often attack regardless of casualties, the South Korean army often has a very great fear of the Chinese army, almost regard the Chinese soldiers as natural soldiers, chinese soldiers who step on rubber-soled shoes If they suddenly appear on the positions of the South Korean army, they always frighten many South Korean soldiers to flee for their lives, they have only one thought, the farther the Chinese army flees, the better." 。
After the end of the Korean War, the US military began to invest heavily in the development of night vision equipment, and has now developed to the fifth generation of full-color night vision goggles. In the number of night vision goggles assembled, the US military also spares no effort, a 140-man light infantry company, there are 40 monocular low-light night vision goggles, 22 binocular low-light night vision goggles, 69 individual enhanced thermal imagers, 61 squad thermal imagers, and 2 large-scale vehicle-mounted thermal imagers, with a total of 192 units, reaching 1.3 per capita.
With the help of night vision goggles, the U.S. military has won more than 30 battles, and the night is no longer the exclusive domain of the opponent, from Iraq to Kosovo, from Saddam Hussein to bin Laden. The confidence and confidence of the US military in fighting night wars are increasing, and now, if our army fights with the US army at night, it will not be able to take advantage of it, and no one can guarantee it.