The Japanese made four serious mistakes during World War II.
First, increase the number of troops one after another, and stop the war and hesitate.
Second, change the "main battlefield" at will.
Third, there is discord between the military and the government, and the atmosphere of lower and upper levels is serious.
Fourth, when it is time to shoot, be on the wall, and attack the United States from the south when it should not be shot.
Among them, the wind of "lower gram up" is particularly serious.
In terms of national sentiments aside, the process of the war launched by Japan in China is also remarkable, imagine that Japan, an island country that did not even have a population of 100 million at that time, actually occupied most of China in the course of the war against China.
So what exactly is "lower gram up"?
It is not difficult to understand, and the ancient Chinese sentence can be explained - the foreign military life will not be spared. That is to say, the people below are dissatisfied with the people above and even ignore the orders issued by the superiors, according to the reason, the soldiers are obedient to the military orders as their duty, but the lower Kagami comes from the spirit of Japanese Bushido, the samurai emphasizes loyalty to the superiors at the same time, but also hopes that the superiors can respect the interests of the subordinates, if the subordinates think that the superiors have violated this agreement, the subordinates can oppose the superiors.
In fact, the emergence of this situation is an inevitable result, because behind these lower-level officers stands a person, the emperor. "Shimo-Kagami" can also be said to have been promoted by the Emperor. He hoped to balance the power in the hands of those below and to strengthen the power in his own hands.
In the 1930s, the Japanese right-wing vigorously promoted the "lower kagami", which had a great impact on the whole country, and the Japanese right-wing believed that the reason for the country's weakness was that the emperor was vacated by the cabinet.
Only by eliminating these intermediate officials and directly obeying the emperor's leadership can we rapidly expand abroad and strengthen our motherland by plundering the resources of other countries.
But this phenomenon actually began after the 918 incident. The 918 Incident was not planned and implemented by the Japanese high command, but was secretly implemented by Kwantung Army generals such as Ishihara Guan'er and Itagaki Seishiro behind the backs of the Japanese military high command.
For Japan, the adventurous attempt of the 918 Incident was very successful, and the non-resistance of the Tohoku Army led to the fall of the three eastern provinces in a sweeping wave. The officers and men who participated in the battle against the three eastern provinces tasted the sweetness and became more and more fanatical, believing that the 918 incident could be repeated.
As a result, the wind of the lower and upper factions became more and more serious, and the later July 7 Incident had two factions, the expansion of the battle results and the non-expansion of the two factions, but is regarded as a hero at that time, is not expanding the faction, and some of the officers of the enlarged faction followed is followed by Ishihara, directly bypassing the upper leadership in formulating various strategic plans, so China broke out an all-out war of resistance.
There are many similar events, such as the Nomenkan War, the Imphal War, which was planned and led by each army command alone and led various campaign decisions, which also affected the overall situation. In fact, the root cause is that the independence of the overseas legions is too large, which is caused by the Japanese atmosphere of the next level, and at the same time, this failure is inevitable.
Although this model does not make sense in theory, many officers tacitly accept this "unspoken rule". After all, the people under his hands did things in secret, and did their own share of the merits of the emperor, and if they did not do it, they pushed their subordinates out of their own clean.
And what about the people under his hands? Once things are done, it is a smooth step, which can be said to have entered the fast lane of official promotion.
But there are pros and cons to this approach, after all, everything has two sides. The Japanese army's downward trend directly led to the confusion of the strategic deployment of the Japanese military department, which led to its fiasco. For example, the differences between Japan on the issue of attacking Nanjing caused it to be completely plunged into the quagmire of a protracted war and could not extricate itself, and the Japanese front-line commanders crossed the Japanese military department to directly attack Nanjing, resulting in the military department being forced to approve this decision, and then continuing to be recognized by the government and the emperor.
In fact, in the final analysis, the first of Japan's failure lies in the Chinese people's unanimous determination to the aggressors to go abroad. The second is the mistake of its strategic policy, and the mistake of the strategic policy lies in the mutual checks and balances in the military, mutual suspicion, and even more mentioned in this article - the lower restraint of the upper atmosphere.