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Behind the Back of The God of War Su Yu (41)
In the previous section, we mentioned that after the Red First Army captured Ji'an, it rested in Ji'an and the surrounding areas on the one hand, carried out mass work, organized the masses, established grass-roots political power, cracked down on the soil fence, eliminated reactionary forces, and mobilized the masses to redistribute land.
Through a series of measures, the Red Army has brought the Red Army into close contact with the broad masses of the people in the local area, because the revolutionary masses also know that since they have joined the revolution, there is no room for concessions, and if the reactionaries are not overthrown, they will be overthrown by the reactionaries.
With a large number of young and middle-aged people joining the Red Army, in order to meet the needs of combat and the unification of the formation of the front army, the Red Army was reorganized during the period of recuperation, and the basic principle was that "the column was changed to a division, the detachment was changed to a regiment, the brigade was changed to a battalion, the squadron was changed to a company, the detachment was changed to a platoon, 3 platoons per company, 3 squads per platoon, 13 soldiers per squad, a special service battalion and a transportation brigade were set up in the army, the regiment set up a guard regiment, a traffic team, and an engineer team, and the regimental machine artillery team was changed to a machine artillery company."
In this reorganization, the 5th detachment of the 2nd Column of the 12th Army was reorganized into the 104th Regiment of the 35th Division, so Su Yu was appointed as the commander of the 104th Regiment of the 35th Division of the 12th Army, and Song Ren was appointed as the political commissar of the regiment. Long Pulin, commander of the 35th Division, and Ouyang Jian, political commissar.
Division commander Long Pulin participated in the Nanchang Uprising, and soon after serving as the commander of the 35th Division, he led his troops to participate in the first anti-"encirclement and suppression" operation. In May 1931, he was appointed as a member of the Provisional General Front Committee of the Red Army of the Communist Party of China. Soon after, the Independent 4th Division of the Red Army was established, and he served as the division commander and political commissar, and led the unit to participate in the second anti-"encirclement and suppression" operation in the central revolutionary base area. In August, he fled because of his pessimistic despair of the revolution and defected, and was arrested and executed.
The political commissar of the division, Ouyang Jian, also known as Ouyang Shu, after the Ningdu Uprising, he was transferred to the political commissar of the 37th Division of the 13th Army of the Red 5th Army. In February 1932, he led his troops to participate in the Battle of Ganzhou. In March, he led his troops to attack a Tuweizi, and no one expected that Ouyang Jian, who had participated in many great battles and vicious battles, would actually overturn the ship in the gutter, and the reactionary forces in the Tuwei with rudimentary weapons in his hands hit him, and he was also shot and killed.
As we said earlier, the Red Army's slogan of "drinking the Yangtze River and meeting the division of Wuhan" and the capture of Changsha by the Red Army surprised Chiang Kai-shek, and before the End of the Great War in the Central Plains, he ordered he Yingqin, the commander-in-chief of the Kuomintang "Army, Navy, and Air Force commander-in-chief of the Wuhan Camp," to begin planning the encirclement and suppression of the Red Army in hunan, Hubei, and Jiangxi provinces.
From August 27 to 29, 1930, in accordance with Chiang Kai-shek's will, He Yingqin convened a "meeting of appeasement" of senior party, government, and military officials in these three provinces to begin preparations for encirclement and suppression, and in October 1930, after Chiang Kai-shek won the victory in the war against Feng Yuxiang and Yan Xishan, he quickly shifted his main forces to the Red Army and the Soviet Zone, from the previous advance and suppression of warlords in one province or several provinces to the large-scale encirclement and suppression organized by the national unification organization, and attempted to eliminate the Red Army within 3 to 6 months.
The Kuomintang army participated in the first encirclement and suppression of more than 10 divisions and brigades, about 100,000 people, the commander-in-chief was Lu Diping, chairman of the Jiangxi Provincial Government and commander-in-chief of the 9th Route Army, and the tactics adopted against the Central Soviet Area were divided into 3 columns and drove straight in from 3 directions.
The 1st Column consisted of three divisions, namely the 18th Division (Division Commander Zhang Huizhang), the 24th Division (Division Commander Xu Kexiang), and the newly formed 13th Division (Division Commander Lu Xiaochen), and the column commander was Zhang Huizhen, commander of the 18th Division.
The 2nd Column consisted of 1 division and 1 brigade, the 50th Division (Division Commander Tan Daoyuan) and the Independent 14th Brigade, and the column commander was Tan Daoyuan, commander of the 50th Division.
The 3rd Column consisted of two divisions, the 77th Division (Division Commander Luo Lin) and the newly formed 5th Division (Division Commander Gong Bingfan).
The general reserve was held by the 8th Division (Division Commander Mao Bingwen) and was located in Nanchang.
The commander-in-chief, Lu Diping, a native of Ningxiang, Hunan Province, graduated from the Hunan Army Military Academy, and the reason why he was able to become the chairman of the Jiangxi Provincial Government and the commander-in-chief of the 9th Route Army was not because of his military ability, but because of his political correctness, to put it simply, he followed Chiang Kai-shek at the crucial time.
In 1927, after the establishment of the National Government in Nanjing, in the melee of the new warlords of the Kuomintang, because Lu Diping did not follow the Gui clan to participate in anti-Chiang Kai-shek activities, he won the favor of Chiang Kai-shek, and was gradually promoted, and in 1928 he became the chairman of the Hunan Provincial Government. The Governor of Qingxiang in Hunan Province was later forced to leave by the Gui clan, which naturally made Chiang Kai-shek dissatisfied with the Gui clan and triggered the Chiang Kai-shek War between the Gui clan and Chiang Kai-shek. Later, he was appointed chairman of the Jiangxi Provincial Government and commander-in-chief of the 9th Route Army.
Lu Diping and the Red Army exchanged hands many times, but the strength in their hands before was not much, although they repeatedly suffered defeats, but it was always due to insufficient troops, this time the troops were strong and strong, so they decided to adopt the "long drive straight in" tactics.
This method of warfare has two basic requirements: First, it is necessary to grasp accurate information, move fast, and quickly find the Red Army. Second, the cooperation of various departments should be good, and the long-distance driving and direct entry is likely to become a lone army to go deep to some extent, so the individual teams must be strong and the cooperation of various departments must be close.
However, long-distance driving and direct entry requires high logistical support and high requirements for intelligence support, because the farther the deep distance, the more difficult the logistical support is, and the higher the demand for intelligence, which determines that it is necessary to fight a decisive battle quickly, and once the speed is absolutely impossible, it will fail.
In the Soviet-German battlefield of World War II, at the beginning the German army adopted the long-drive and direct approach method of operation, and achieved very good results, but later the distance into the Soviet Union was too far, and the logistical support could not keep up, laying the root cause of failure.
In late October 1930, after ascertaining the enemy's preparations for launching a large-scale "encirclement and suppression" campaign, the General Front Committee of the Red Army held several discussions with the Jiangxi Provincial Action Committee of the COMMUNIST Party of China on the issue of the policy of opposing "encirclement and suppression," and in the discussion two opinions were formed.
One was the strategy of encircling Wei and saving Zhao, that is, attacking major cities such as Nanchang and Jiujiang in accordance with the instructions of the Central Military Commission in August in order to force the enemy to turn to the defensive and thus abandon the "encirclement and suppression" plan. The advantage of this strategy is that it is in line with the intentions of the central government.
The other is the policy of enticing the enemy to go deeper. The chairman insisted on this policy, and he believed that although the Red Army and the Central Soviet Region had developed considerably, their strength was still relatively small, and there were only more than 40,000 people in the Red Army and the Red Army in western Fujian active in the Central Soviet Region. Moreover, the Soviet zone is still not consolidated, and the basic situation of the enemy's strength and our weakness throughout the country has not changed, and with regard to the large-scale encirclement and suppression of the enemy army, the Red Army should first retreat to the Soviet zone, rely on the support of the people in the Soviet zone and favorable terrain conditions, discover and cause the enemy's weaknesses, and encircle and annihilate the enemy.
Later, the second opinion was recognized, and at the meeting of the Red Army in Luofang on October 30, 1930, the policy of luring the enemy to go deep was decided, and in order to make this policy easy to understand and to make every officer and soldier understand and grasp, the chairman wrote a couplet:
The upper league is: The enemy advances and I retreat, the enemy garrisons me to disturb, the enemy is tired and I fight, the enemy retreats and I chase, and the odds of victory are exercised in guerrilla warfare;
The lower league is: advancing and retreating in a big way, luring the enemy to go deeper, concentrating troops, breaking through each one, and annihilating the enemy in a mobile battle.
In order to induce the enemy to penetrate deeply, the Red Army adopted the strategy of total warfare and fully mobilized the masses, and when the Kuomintang army launched an offensive in November 1930, as they went deeper and deeper into the Central Soviet Region, they could not find the Red Army, while the masses in the Soviet Area continuously sent the situation of the Kuomintang Army to the Red Army, and the information on the battlefield was almost one-way transparent.
On December 12, 1930, the "Tomita Incident" occurred in the Central Soviet Region, after which the number of the Red 22nd Army was reduced, and the Red Army downsized the Red 22nd Army (Commander Chen Yi) to the 64th Division, with jurisdiction over the 190th, 191st, and 192nd Regiments. Su Yu was appointed division commander, Chen Yi was reappointed secretary of the Gan southwest special committee equivalent to the provincial party committee, and the political commissar of the 64th division was Gao Zili.
The Red 64th Division was the first division of the Red Army to be downsized, with Commander Chen Yi as the Founding Marshal and The first Division Commander Su Yu as the Founding General.
Su Yu's transfer to the commander of the Red 64th Division reflected the recognition of Su Yu by the leaders of the Red Army, but the Red 64th Division was a newly formed unit with poor weapons and equipment. He also specially explained the couplet written by the chairman, so that the officers and men of the whole division had a profound understanding of the strategy and tactics of the Red Army.
(Heavenly Selection Miscellaneous Original: This article uses some literary techniques on the basis of historical facts, to be continued)
References: "Su Yu's Life Deeds", "Su Yu's Biography", "God of War Su Yu", "Famous General Su Yu ZhenWen" and so on.
Tianxuan is the author's pen name, who has engaged in teaching and research at the National Defense University, and has studied history and philosophy