On July 29, 1984, Zhou Jianren, the youngest of the three brothers of the Zhou family, died in Beijing at the age of 96.
Some people jokingly called: the three brothers of the Zhou family, one is a big writer, one is a big traitor, and the other is a big cadre -- although this sentence is too one-sided, it is not difficult to see from it that although the three sons of the Zhou family are similar in blood, their respective encounters and ideological concepts are very different, so they have embarked on three completely different paths.
The three Zhou brothers had a profound impact on twentieth-century China. In the eyes of ordinary people, the third brother Zhou Jianren is not as admired as the eldest brother Lu Xun who abandoned the doctor and Congwen, nor is he more famous than the discredited second brother Zhou Zuoren, and should be the most low-key one.
In fact, Zhou Jianren's life is more deep and introverted, like a trickle. In addition to translating his works, he devoted himself to organizing activities, propaganda and education, advocating women's liberation and calling on the people to resist social activities in the early days, and in the later period, he was mainly active in the political arena, and his official rank was at the vice-state level, and his political contributions were outstanding.
Zhou Jianren had two wives in his lifetime and had seven children in total, what is the current situation of these seven children?
A life of low-key introvertedness
On January 12, 1888, Zhou Jian was born in Changfangkou, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, and the previous Zhou family was called a local famous family, but he fell shortly after his birth.
The two brothers went to Japan to study because of their excellent grades, and although Zhou Jianren also had the same heart, he considered that his mother was lonely at home, and finally chose to serve his mother while studying at home.
During his own study, Zhou Jianren also taught at Shaoxing Monk Li Primary School, and at the same time used his free time to collect and study biology, and accumulated a wealth of biological knowledge
Similar to His contemporary Jia Zuzhang, Zhou Jianren was an early self-taught popular science writer in China. On the one hand, this is due to his strong interest in the popularization of science, on the other hand, it is also inseparable from Lu Xun's enthusiastic support and guidance.
In "Remembering Lu Xun", Zhou Jianren mentioned that his eldest brother abroad gave him dissecting microscopes, scalpels and other tools, as well as some biology textbooks that were not available in China. Since then, Zhou Jianren has created popular science works such as "Records of Collecting Plants in Huiji Mountain" and "Records of Watching tides before Qiantang".
At the age of 21, Zhou Jianren began to join the clubs founded by Lu Xun in China and taught at local primary schools and girls' schools. In the old society with the low status of women, Zhou Jianren completed the ideological awakening of equality between men and women early and launched a series of struggles for women's rights.
In 1919, Zhou Jianren, who moved to Beijing with his brother, tried to promote women's emancipation of the mind and dissemination of scientific knowledge.
Especially in the late May Fourth period, Zhou Jianren's thinking on love, marriage and divorce became more and more thorough, paying attention to the freedom and value of individuals, and proposing that "sincere love is the flower of life and a noble spiritual product."
He strongly criticized the matchmaking marriage system and the prostitute system under feudal morality, opposed the objectification of women, and encouraged oppressed women to pursue themselves bravely.
After the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, although Zhou Jianren suffered from the double problems of unemployment and lung disease, he still had his heart set on the revolutionary cause of the country. He resolutely supported the Communist Party of China, opposed the passive inaction of the National Government, and called on the masses of the people to join the ranks of saving the people and trying to survive.
After Japan's surrender, Zhou Jianren thought that China could move toward tranquility and prosperity, but Chiang Kai-shek provoked a civil war.
He actively participated in the democracy movement, leading literary groups to call for peace and call for the cessation of the civil war, and the demonstrations organized by him were so loud that to some extent they put significant pressure on the Nationalist government.
According to her daughter Zhou Ruo, her father's behavior caused strong dissatisfaction from the Kuomintang, and in order to escape persecution, they had to move from house to house.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Zhou Jianren participated in the Political Consultative Conference and offered suggestions for the future development of New China.
In his subsequent political career, he successively served as a standing committee member of the Zhejiang Provincial Governor's People's Congress, deputy director of the Central General Administration of Publications, executive vice chairman of the People's Congress, vice minister of education, member and vice chairman of the Standing Committee and vice chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, and chairman of the Central Committee of the China Association for Promoting Democracy.
Although he is in a high position, Zhou Jianren always demands himself as an ordinary citizen. The official car arranged by the government for officials, he only inspected the rugged terrain of Sichuan and Guizhou twice when he was 90 years old.
Beijing summer heat, the leader advised him to go to the health resort to recuperate, he did not want to go, installed air conditioning for his bedroom, after driving a few times he was afraid of electricity, never opened again.
In the Shaoxing Archives, there are some handwritten letters from Zhou Jianren, among which the white edges of the newspaper are torn off as stationery, and his clean and simple style is still worth emulating.
Before his death, Zhou Jianren specially instructed his family: "The funeral behind me should be simplified, and the old habit of red tape and etiquette should be changed." Now everyone is working hard to build socialist modernization, funds are precious, time is also precious, we can't spend the state's money on funerals, we can't waste everyone's time..."
Four children of Japanese lady Hata Yoshiko
Zhou Jianren's first wife was the second brother's sister-in-law Yu Taifangzi, who came from Japan to China to take care of her pregnant sister, and during her stay at the Zhou family, she secretly had a relationship with Zhou Jianren, and was happily married by the matchmaking of Zhou Zuo and Yu Taixinzi.
The two brothers, Zhou Zuoren and Zhou Jianren, successively married two sisters, Yu Taixinzi and Yu Taifangzi, and the strange fact that the brothers became brothers is rare.
In 1915, Yu Taifangzi gave birth to her first son, named Zhou Chong. Lu Xun wrote in his diary on March 1, 1915: "I received a letter from my second and third brothers. The third brother and wife gave birth to a man on february 25, and the old calendar was also the twelfth day of the first month, and the letter was issued on the twenty-sixth day. ”
It can be seen that Zhou Jianren and his wife attach importance to their young son. Unfortunately, this child did not grow up smoothly, and only lived for more than a year before dying.
In 1917, a second daughter was born, named Juko, also known as Maburi. Zhou Juzi, who lived in Beijing since childhood, followed her mother until after marriage and then moved to Tangshan with her husband. On July 28, 1976, during the Tangshan earthquake, Zhou Juzi was killed in the disaster.
In May 1919, they welcomed their third child, a boy, named Pei, also known as Feng'er, and the family took the nickname "Tubu" (meaning "Shatang Fish").
Zhou Pei, who also lived in Beijing for a long time and worked as a mathematics teacher at Beijing 95 Middle School after graduation, is said to have suffered some persecution during the special period, but survived with his optimistic nature and died in 1992.
In February 1922, zhou Jianren and Yu Taifangzi's youngest son was born, named Fengsan. After the two were disillusioned, Zhou Jianren said that he would sever relations with Fangzi and did not recognize Fengsan as a son, and Fengsan shot himself shortly after.
Zhou Jianren, who has just moved to Badaowan in Beijing, does not have a job, and he usually writes a little biology or folklore articles for the publication of New Youth, and also goes to Peking University to audit.
Due to his hard-working personality, even in the face of economic constraints after arriving in a big city, Zhou Jianren can adapt well. His wife, Hatae Yoshiko, is not the case, she becomes more and more indulgent and greedy, and every time she goes out, she will buy a car of things and come back.
She hated that Zhou Jianren could not meet her large expenses, so she no longer cared for her husband thoughtfully, and even deliberately verbally mean him. The two's relatively happy marriage is gradually dying.
Considering the family expenses, Zhou Jianren found a job at the Shanghai Commercial Press for sixty yuan a month.
When Zhou Jianren left Beijing, Yu Taifangzi was pregnant; when her son was born the following year, Zhou Jianren frequently wrote letters to persuade his wife to go to Shanghai to live with him, and even left for Beijing to find her.
However, Yu Taifangzi did not want to leave the bustling capital, so she used words such as "do not go to Shanghai and do not divorce" and "I want to accompany my sister" as excuses.
One in Beijing, one in Shanghai, gathering less and leaving more, it is inevitable that there will be strangeness in feelings, and even gradually become suspicious. Yu Tai Fangzi could not understand her husband's spiritual world, and every time she wrote a letter, she asked for living expenses, which made Zhou Jianren gradually resentful.
Death of Toyotomi
On the morning of March 24, 1941, Zhou Zuoren returned to a courtyard in Badaowan, Beijing, with his bodyguards carrying pistols on the table.
Taking advantage of the fact that everyone was unprepared, Zhou Fengsan took up his pistol and fired a quick shot at his temple in front of his uncle. The young boy ended his life in what could be described as an extreme way, and the cause of his death became a mystery that could not be solved.
When Zhou Fengsan was still in her womb, Zhou Jianren had already gone to Shanghai to work. After his birth, the relationship between his parents deteriorated sharply, and around the age of two, Zhou Jianren was already married to his second wife, Wang Yunru.
On the one hand, Zhou Fengsan has a natural admiration for his father, whom he does not often meet; on the other hand, he complains about his father's abandonment of himself and his mother and the establishment of a new home in Shanghai, especially later zhou Jianren had to cut off all relations with him.
This complex and intense emotion has always been entangled in Zhou Fengsan's heart and has become the fundamental internal cause of his suicide.
Since birth, Zhou Fengsan has lived with Zhou Zuoren, and his uncle treats him like a father. After Lu Xun broke up with Zhou Zuoren, Zhou Zuoren embarked on the road of true traitors, which made Feng San, who accepted revolutionary ideas, extremely painful.
Although Lu Xun and Zhou Zuoren were both his uncles, others mentioned that he was "the nephew of a traitor". The depressed Toyotomi repeatedly tried to persuade Zhou Zuoren to stop serving Japan, but the words spoken were like stones sinking into the sea.
Feng San, who was depressed at school and at home, chose to commit suicide to end his life, perhaps with the psychology of waking up Zhou Zuoren, but after his death, Zhou Zuoren did not restrain himself from the cliff, but became more and more wrong.
Three daughters with student Wang Yunru
During his work in Shanghai, Zhou Jianren gradually developed feelings with wang Yunru, a former student. Unlike Yu Taifangzi, who can only enjoy herself together, Wang Yunru accompanied Zhou Jianren through many hardships and suffered a lot, but she never complained too much.
Although the process of the two being together was very bumpy, not only was it blocked by Yu Tai Yoshiko and the child, but even Zhou Zuoren did not agree with his approach.
But Zhou Jianren finally firmly chose Wang Yunru, who had three daughters, and the daughters learned the spirit of hard work from their parents, or devoted themselves to the revolution, or devoted themselves to scientific research and education, and became talents in different fields.
In 1926, the first daughter was born and named Zhou Ye. Zhou Ye studied in the English Department of Hangzhou Zhijiang University, when the advanced trend of revolutionary thought prevailed among young students, Zhou Ye joined the underground party during his schooling, and then actively promoted underground activities during his study at St. John's University in Shanghai.
Before liberation, Zhou Ye went north with unimaginable tenacity to join the New Fourth Army and become a female fighter.
After liberation, Zhou Ye returned to Beijing with her parents, and the head of the women's department of the Federation of Trade Unions at that time was Yang Zhihua, the wife of Qu Qiubai, who admired Zhou Ye's experience and appointed her as her secretary.
In 1958, Zhou Ye changed careers to work as a reporter for Workers' Daily, and then moved to Shanghai to work at the Shanghai Translation Publishing House. Zhou Ye worked in the publishing house for a long time, and after a special period, he served as the president of the publishing house, and successively wrote and published works such as "The Fall of Lu Xun's Former Family" and "My Uncle Mr. Lu Xun". In 1984, Zhou Ye died of lung cancer.
In 1927, the second daughter was born and named Zhou Jin. Zhou Jin studied at Zhongshan Medical College and threw herself into the revolutionary cause very early, personally participating in a series of underground activities.
In 1948, Zhou Jianren took Zhou Jin on an in-depth tour of the revolutionary base area, and after returning to Beijing, she chose to join the army and enter the health department of the People's Liberation Army.
In 1954, Zhou Jin followed the instructions of the state to go to the Soviet Union for further study, mainly researching chemical pharmaceuticals, and after returning to China, he worked at the Institute of Materia Medica of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and was later promoted to the secretary of the Party Committee of the Institute, focusing on pharmaceutical research and development.
Zhou Jin married Jin Jingde, a classmate of Shanghai Medical University, who served as the director of the internal medicine department of the Air Force General Hospital and the director of the outpatient clinic of the Air Force Headquarters.
In his later years, Zhou Jin suffered from lupus erythematosus and died in 2001. Her son is a college teacher and her daughter is an ophthalmologist and both live in the United States.
In 1932, the third daughter was born and named Zhou Ruo. When Zhou Jianren joined the Communist Party of China in 1948, the then 16-year-old Zhou Ruo also followed his father to Xibaipo, and after the founding of New China, he was admitted to the Economics Department of Tsinghua University in Beijing.
At that time, the state organized international students to go to the Soviet Union to learn advanced knowledge, and Zhou Ruo studied abroad through the arrangement of the General Administration of Publications, and successively studied printing and early childhood education in the Soviet Union.
After returning to China, Zhou Ruo taught at Beijing Normal University, responsible for early childhood education and research in the early stage, and then turned to comparative education research, and retired after 41 years of dedicated teaching.
Her husband, Gu Mingyuan, dean of the School of Education Management at Beijing Normal University and dean of the Graduate School, has a daughter who has now moved to the Netherlands and a son who has inherited from her second sister's family.
The ancestors have passed away, and the descendants have not lived up to his glory, or made great contributions, or silently shined in their places.