The third visit to Lu Xun's former residence.
This time, for the three brothers of Lu Xun, the fate of the three brothers was very different, and they were deeply touched.
On September 25, 1881, Lu Xun was born in Xintaimen, Dongchangfang, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, with the initial name of Zhou Zhangshou and later changed his name to Zhou Shuren.
On January 16, 1885, Lu Xun's younger brother, Zhou Zuoren, was born.
On November 12, 1888, Lu Xun's third brother, Zhou Jianren, was born.
The grandfather of the three brothers of the Zhou clan was named Zhou Jiefu, born in 1838, and in 1871, he was a mid-jinshi, and the official was appointed to the positions of Shu Jishi of Hanlin Yuan, Jinxi Zhi County, Jiangxi, and Zhongshu of the Cabinet.
In 1893, the year of the Jiangnan Township Examination, the Beijing official Yin Mou served as the examiner of the Jiangnan Township Examination and went south to Suzhou.
Zhou Jiefu and Yin were originally officials in the same dynasty, they were old acquaintances, Zhou Jiefu wrote a letter and attached a silver ticket, asking Yin to take care of the Zhou family's nephew who took the exam, but the entrusted person did not do a good job, and the bribery was known to everyone, which became a bribery case that shocked the government and the opposition.
The Guangxu Emperor Long Yan was furious and wanted to be beheaded, but after zhou Jiefu's close friends and master's many persuasions, Zhou Jiefu was finally appointed as a "beheading prisoner" and sentenced his descendants not to re-enter the army.
After the case broke out, Zhou Jiefu absconded, his son Zhou Boyi was arrested and charged, Zhou Jiefu was forced to turn himself in to the official palace, and Zhou Boyi was released.
That year, Lu Xun was 12 years old, and his family fell from then on.
Zhou Jiefu was imprisoned for eight years, released to return home in 1901, and died in January 1904.
The father of the three Zhou brothers was Zhou Boyi, who was arrested in 1893.
Born in 1861, Zhou Boyi was dismissed from xiucai status and was not allowed to re-enter the family due to the bribery case of Zhou Jiefu, so he has been living idly at home and depression has become a disease.
In 1896, Zhou Boyi died of illness at the age of 35.
That year, Lu Xun was 15 years old, Zhou Zuoren was 11 years old, Zhou Jianren was 8 years old, and the three teenagers were reduced to single-parent families.
The mother of the three Zhou brothers was named Lu Rui, a Shaoxing Anqiaotou man, with a kind and resolute personality, who was originally illiterate, but "self-cultivation to get the ability to read books."
Lu Rui took on the responsibility of raising three teenagers alone, so when they grew up, they were filial to their mother.
Lu Xun was lively and active, moving like a rabbit, and his playmates called him "Xun Brother", and because his mother's surname was Lu, he used "Lu Xun" as his pen name to show his mother's supreme position in his heart.
Because of the influence of his father's early death, Lu Xun was determined to study medicine to save people.
In 1906, after Watching the "Russo-Japanese War Education Film" during his time in Japan, Lu Xun was deeply stimulated and believed that it was far more important to save people spiritually than medicine to save people, so he decided to abandon medicine and follow literature.
In the summer and autumn of 1906, Lu Xun obeyed his mother's call and returned to China to marry Juan, but Lu Xun did not like small-footed women, and the marriage was not real.
In May 1918, Lu Xun published the first vernacular short story in the history of modern Chinese literature, "The Diary of a Madman", which was created in modern asanas, published in "New Youth", and since then, he has become a famous literary artist in China.
The first time I read Lu Xun's article in a textbook during my schooling years was "From the Hundred Grass Garden to the Sanwei Bookhouse", which was a reminiscence essay written by Lu Xun in 1926 on a funny life, published in the semi-monthly magazine "Mangyuan" and later included in "Picking Up Flowers and Nights".
Lu Xun wrote in the text that Mr. Lu Xun used the ring ruler to order everyone to read, so everyone opened their throats to read the book for a while, and it was really full of people, some read "Ren is far more than I want Ren Si Ren to be perfect", and some read "Laughing people's teeth lack dog Dou Dakai".
When the teacher explained to us the meaning of the phrase "laughing people's teeth are missing and the dog sinus is wide open", he imitated the appearance of a dog hole after the teeth fell out, which caused the students to laugh, which was a very beautiful campus time.
In January 1927, Lu Xun went to sun yat-sen University to teach, and his assistant professor and Guangzhou dialect translator was named Xu Guangping.
Xu Guangping was open-minded and a bigfoot woman, like-minded with Lu Xun, so the two soon married, and in 1929, they gave birth to a son, Zhou Haiying.
In January 1936, Lu Xun died of illness at the age of 55.
Relying on the pen in his hand, Lu Xun not only became a famous writer in China, but also a famous thinker and a democratic fighter, and also the founder of modern Chinese literature, and was highly praised: "The direction of Lu Xun is the direction of the new culture of the Chinese nation." ”
Now, Lu Xun's articles are gradually deleted from textbooks, and no one can change the trend of the times.
Lu Xun's second brother, Zhou Zuoren, served as a professor at National Peking University and the head of the Department of New Literature at Yenching University, and together with Zheng Zhenduo, Shen Yanbing, Ye Shaojun, Xu Dishan, and others initiated the establishment of the "Literary Research Society", and founded the weekly magazine "Yusi" with Lu Xun, Lin Yutang, Sun Fuyuan, etc., and served as the president of the Beiping Esperanto Society.
Zhou Zuoren is a famous essayist, literary theorist, critic, poet, translator and thinker in modern China, a pioneer of Chinese folklore, and an outstanding representative of the new cultural movement.
But Zhou Zuoren's fate suddenly changed.
Shusaku's wife, Hata nobuko, was Japanese and married in 1909.
In January 1939, Zhou Zuoren became the director of the National Peking University Library in the Wang Jingwei government, and later served as the "organizer of the College of Letters" of Peking University and the dean of the College of Literature.
On December 19, 1940, the Wang Jingwei regime "appointed Zhou Zuo as a member of the North China Political Affairs Committee and designated him as a standing committee member and superintendent of the General Administration of Education." Later, he also served as the president of the East Asian Cultural Council and the director of the China-Japan Cultural Association, laying the foundation for it.
After the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, in December 1945, Zhou Zuoren was arrested by the Nationalist government in Beiping for adultery, and on November 6, 1946, he was sentenced to 14 years in prison, which was later changed to 10 years.
On January 26, 1949, against the background of the peace talks between the Kuomintang and the Republic, Zhou Zuoren was released from prison and later settled in Beijing to earn a living by writing papers.
In the 1960s, Zhou Zuoren was repeatedly destroyed for the crime of "traitorous crime", and on May 6, 1967, Zhou Zuoren died at the age of 82
In his early years, Zhou Jianren devoted himself to the study of biology and its translation work, advocating the liberation of women and popularizing scientific knowledge.
During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Zhou Jianren threw himself into the Anti-Japanese Salvation Movement.
Zhou Jianren's wife Yu Taifangzi, the younger sister of Zhou Zuoren's wife Yu Taixinzi, married on February 28, 1914, broke up around 1921, and around 1925, Zhou Jianren and Shaoxing student Wang Yunru were united.
In December 1945, Zhou Jianren, together with Ma Xulun, Wang Shaojun, Xu Guangping, Lin Handa and others, initiated the establishment of the China Association for the Promotion of Democracy in Shanghai and was elected as a member of the first council.
In April 1948, Zhou Jianren joined the Communist Party of China.
In September 1949, Zhou Jianren, as a representative of the China Association for the Promotion of Democracy, attended the first plenary session of the Chinese Political Consultative Conference.
Zhou Jianren later served as deputy director of the General Administration of Publications, vice minister of higher education, vice chairman of Zhejiang Province, governor of Zhejiang Province, vice chairman of the Standing Committee of the 3rd-5th National People's Congress, and vice chairman of the Fifth and Sixth National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.
On July 29, 1984, Zhou Jianren died in Beijing at the age of 96.
The three brothers of the Zhou family, with very different fates, are also the epitome of that period of history.
History is unpredictable.