In 1129, three years after the Southern Song Dynasty, the Marshal of the Jin Dynasty, Jin Wushu (i.e., the fourth son of The Completed Yan Dynasty), led an army of 100,000 people across the Yangtze River to the south, pursuing Emperor Gaozong of Song all the way, trying to eliminate the ruling organs of the Southern Song Dynasty in one fell swoop, while Zhao Shuo took the decision-making body of the Southern Song Dynasty all the way to retreat south, and finally fled into the sea from Mingzhou, Zhejiang Province, Jin Wushu pursued to the sea and was blocked by the Song army, seeing that it was impossible to complete the task of capturing Zhao Zhuo alive, and the logistics of the army could not be supplied, so it was ready to retreat.
In March of the fourth year of Jianyan, Jin Wushu and his 100,000 troops who wanted to cross the river to return to the north were blocked in the Zhenjiang area by the 8,000 Song troops led by Han Shizhong, who had earlier avoided its sharp edge, and the famous "Battle of Huang Tiandang" in history was officially launched, and the two sides fought and fought for 48 days, and the final result was that Jin Wushu successfully returned to the north, Han Shizhong was unable to catch up, and this battle was recorded in the history books of song and Jin, and the record of the "History of Jin" was that Han Shizhong's entire army was destroyed:
Zong Bifa Jiangning will cross the river to the north. Zong Bi's army crossed from the east, moved the ancient crossing from the west, and fought with Shi Zhong at Jiangdu. Shi Zhong's division of the boat was absolutely up and down the river, and it would cover it left and right. Shi Zhongzhou is zhang wulu two, Zong Bi chooses a good shooter, takes a light boat, shoots the five boats on the shizhong boat with a rocket, and the five hundred and two rockets, all self-immolation, smoke and flames fill the river, Shi Zhong can not army, chase the north seventy miles, the boat army is annihilated, Shi Zhong can only spare himself.
And the "History of Song" records that Han Shizhong had forced Jin Wushu to the end of the road:
''Shi Zhong entered the Golden Mountain with a sea vessel, and pre-awarded the Xiao Jian with an iron silk through the big hook. In the Ming Dynasty, the enemy boat roared forward, and Shi Zhong divided the sea boat into two channels, and each time it was twisted, it dragged a boat to sink. Vultures are poor, ask for words, pray for mourning''
。 In the case of Han Shizhong's refusal to let him go, Jin Wushu received the advice of the Song people's traitors, forcibly chiseled open the old road of the Old Stork River, and the army retreated from Huangtian to the Yangtze River, and Han Shizhong was defeated when he pursued:
The next day, the wind stopped, our army's sails were weak and could not be transported, and the Jin people set fire to small boats, and it rained like rain. Sun Shiqian and Yan Yun were both killed in battle, and the enemy fled away. Shi Zhong collected the remnants of the army and returned to Zhenjiang.
The records of the two sides are completely different, so who wins and who loses the battle of Huang Tiandang? After this battle, both sides were celebrating, the Jin State said that I completely annihilated Han Shizhong's troops, and the Southern Song Dynasty said that I drove the Jin army away, and it seems that they have won, but where is the win-win situation in the hostile war between the two countries? To determine who won, it is necessary to judge whether the strategic objectives of both sides before and after the war have been achieved. The goal of Jin Wushu going south was to destroy the ruling institutions of the Southern Song Dynasty, and it was best to capture Zhao Zhuo alive, so that he could calmly pocket the south.
But this goal was obviously not achieved, Zhao Zhuo fled to a very fast, Jin Wushu 'search the mountains and inspect the sea'' pursuit and killing failed to catch this Zhao running, and later he even set the capital of the Southern Song Dynasty in Hangzhou, which is far enough away from the Yangtze River and close enough to the sea, which shows how great the stimulation of Jin Wushu's pursuit and killing is to him. Unable to capture Zhao Zhao, the cities such as Jiankang occupied along the way by Jin Wushu had no effect, and the Jin army could not gain a foothold in the south, and could only withdraw, although it encountered resistance, but in the end it retreated completely, and could only be said to be invincible.
On the side of the Southern Song Dynasty, Han Shizhong's initial goal was to take advantage of the fact that the Jin army was alone and could not get support from the north, to completely annihilate the enemy, and also successfully blocked the 100,000 troops of Jin Wushu in Huang Tiandang, but because of the lack of troops, he only had 8,000 people, and he could not completely besiege the Jin army, at least there was no Song army in the direction of the old stork river, it may not have been expected, it may also be that the troops are insufficient, in the final pursuit battle, from the records in the history books of both sides, Han Shizhong obviously suffered a loss, nothing more than big or small.
However, Han Shizhong dared to use the geographical advantage to besiege 100,000 Jin troops with 8,000 troops and try to eliminate them, which was enough to be called a famous general, and finally the encirclement and annihilation war evolved into a pursuit war, and his personal strategic goals were not achieved. But for the Southern Song Dynasty, this was already a great victory, and the significance of this battle was that the Jin army no longer dared to easily deviate from the south:
''The Jin people didn't dare to cross the river again''
Until more than 30 years later, Yan Liang invaded the south, while the Southern Song Dynasty had some troops (Yue Feibu) starting to take the initiative to attack from the direction of Hubei.
Therefore, the result of the 'Battle of Huang Tiandang' should be said to be a victory for the Southern Song side, not in how many enemies were destroyed, not to mention the confidence brought by this battle to the Southern Song military and civilian resistance to the Jin army, at least it also won a period of strategic opportunity for the Stability of the Southern Song Dynasty. The Jin Dynasty also realized that the South could not be achieved before the North was completely stable, and under the strong pressure of the Yue Family Army in the following years, it began to consider the issue of peace talks, and the Southern Song Dynasty was able to stabilize the defensive line and began to put pressure on the Jin State, all based on the "Battle of Huang Tiandang".
After this battle, No matter how many troops Han Shizhong lost, he was praised by Emperor Gaozong of Song, and it is needless to say that he was promoted to riches, but there was also a small episode, and Han Shizhong's wife Liang Hongyu was dissatisfied with the outcome of this battle, so he did so
''Write to impeach Zhongwu for missing the opportunity to indulge the enemy, and ask the imperial court to add guilt''
Of course, Zhao Zhuo did not blame Han Shizhong, but because of Liang Hongyu's unselfishness, he gave her the title of "Lady of Yang Guo", and the Jin army lost the opportunity to seize the territory south of the Yangtze River after the "Battle of Huang Tiandang", and the Southern Song Dynasty and Han Shizhong and his wife both won.