As we all know, the current South Korea, in fact, is the completion of the founding of the country in Shanghai;
What many people don't know, however, is that the Republic of Korea Armed Forces was founded in Chongqing.
In 1894, the age of A noon.
In the same year, at the Battle of Jiawu, China was defeated by Japan.
The Qing government signed the "Maguan Treaty" to pay reparations for the cession of land, the loss of sovereignty, and Japan received 200 million taels of silver war reparations, which greatly stimulated the great powers and further reduced China to the meat of the divided fish.
And this Sino-Japanese War also completely changed the Korean Peninsula. After japan's victory in the war, it began to colonize the Korean Peninsula. However, at that time, the Korean royal family introduced Russian forces from the north, took advantage of the confrontation between Japan and Russia, and sought temporary peace in the confrontation between the two countries.
In 1905, the Russo-Japanese War broke out, Russia was defeated, and Japan, as the victor, achieved full control of Korea.
In 1910, Japan forcibly signed the Treaty of Annexation between Japan and South Korea, abolished the government of the "Korean Empire", and established the "Governor-General's Palace of Korea". As a result, Korea fell to power, and the Korean Peninsula became a Japanese colony.
However, the benevolent men who swore to defend the independence of the Korean nation to the death never gave up resistance.
Some of them have established resistance organizations in North Korea or fought back against Japan openly or covertly; many have gone into exile to find a way out, and most of them will choose to settle in Shanghai.
On March 1, 1919, a huge anti-Japanese independence movement broke out in Korea, which was bloodily suppressed by the Japanese army.
More than a month later, on April 13, 1919, Korean patriots who had been living in exile and had adhered to the Restoration Movement established the "Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea" at No. 4, Lane 306, Madang Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, to formulate a provisional constitution and elect Syngman Rhee as interim president.
This is the Syngman Rhee, who became the first president of South Korea after World War II with the support of the United States, and the same Syngman Rhee who often appeared in old movies as "Syngman Rhee's bandit army".
In fact, when the "Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea" was established in 1919, Rhee himself was not in Shanghai, and he had long looked forward to seeking support from politicians in the United States.
The establishment of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea brought hope to the anti-Japanese independence movement in Korea, and a large number of patriots who insisted on national independence gathered under this banner and began to plan for armed resistance against Japan and the restoration of the country.
Just as the success of the Xinhai Revolution was inseparable from the strong support of overseas Chinese, at that time, the source of funds for the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea was also the donation of Korean compatriots in Europe, the United States and other places, until the "assassination of the commander-in-chief of the Japanese army" incident in 1932.
On April 29, 1932, the Japanese army held the Emperor's birthday banquet in Hongkou Park in Shanghai.
On that day, Yoon Bong-gi, a member of the "Korean Patriotic League," disguised himself as a Japanese nobleman, mixed into the scene of the event, and threw a bomb at the venue. The bomb, produced by the Shanghai Arsenal, killed On the spot General Yoshinori Shirakawa, commander-in-chief of the Japanese army invading China, and Sadaji Kawabata, chairman of the administrative committee of the Japanese militia group stationed in Shanghai.
Yin Fengji successfully assassinated the commander-in-chief of the Japanese army, which shocked the world. Especially in China, after Yin Bong-gil blew up the thief chieftain, all sectors of society donated money and materials to the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea, in this way to express the respect for the hero of the japanese resistance, Yin Bong-gi, and the determination to jointly resist Japan.
By the following year, in 1933, the Nanjing government recognized the status of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea and provided financial and military assistance.
On July 7, 1937, the Lugou Bridge Incident opened the prelude to the National War of Resistance Against Japan.
In the face of the common Japanese invaders, the resistance fighters from the Korean Peninsula fought side by side with the Chinese military and civilians.
In July 1938, the "Korean Youth Field Service Corps" was established in Hankou, Wuhan, and issued the slogan "The Chinese and Korean people unite to overthrow Japanese imperialism."
On October 10, 1938, wuhan established the "Korean Volunteer Brigade".
On September 17, 1940, the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea, which had moved to Chongqing, officially announced the establishment of the "Korean Restoration Army" and set up its headquarters at the Jialing Hotel in Chongqing.
In the name of "Guangfu", it shows that the primary task of this army is to carry out armed anti-Japanese restoration, and at the same time, "participating in the Chinese War of Resistance and jointly eliminating the Enemy with the Chinese anti-Japanese forces" is also one of the purposes of the founding of the Korean Guangfu Army.
Although this "Restoration Army" was formed by foreign exiles in China, it was of great significance to the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea, the Korean Peninsula, and even the Republic of Korea today.
Because of this army, even if it is weak, the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea, at least nominally, has completed the military and political construction - the government, the provisional government; the army, the Korean Restoration Army.
Thus, the Provisional Government was able to participate in the War of Resistance Against Japan as an independent state and actively strive for the recognition of its legitimate status by all countries.
Facts have proved that the South Korean Restoration Army has indeed played a role in "strengthening the army" in international politics.
In the early morning of December 7, 1941, the Japanese Combined Fleet attacked Pearl Harbor, and three days later, on December 10, the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea officially issued a declaration of "declaration of war against Japan", becoming the only provisional government in the anti-fascist alliance to "participate in the warring states".
However, the Korean Restoration Army was not just an army in the political sense, in the War of Resistance Against Japan, the Restoration Army went all out, working with the Chinese military and people to resist the Japanese and fight together.
In addition to their bravery in battle, these soldiers of the Restoration Army also had the advantage of being proficient in Japanese, either penetrating into the Japanese army, gathering intelligence, and inciting Korean soldiers to surrender; or carrying out broadcasts to the Japanese army, conducting propaganda warfare, and disintegrating the morale of the enemy army; or assisting the Chinese army in interrogating Japanese prisoners, deciphering Japanese codes, and so on.
At that time, many young people on the Korean Peninsula came to China to join the anti-Japanese army, and the maximum number of people in the Guangfu Army was 50,000, which was worthy of the "brotherly company" who went to life and death together.
On August 15, 1945, Japan announced its unconditional surrender, and the Chinese military and civilians won the final victory in the War of Resistance Against Japan.
At the same time, Korea was restored, and the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea, established in Shanghai, became the root of the Republic of Korea's legal system.
To this day, the original site of the Provisional Government, No. 4, Lane 306, Madang Road, Huangpu District, is still the "Temple of Independence" of the Republic of Korea.
South Korean presidents since the 1990s, including Roh Tae-woo, Kim Young-sam, Kim Dae-jung, Roh Moo-hyun, Lee Myung-bak, Park Geun-hye and Moon Jae-in, have made pilgrimages here.
It is just a pity that those soldiers of the Korean Restoration Army who have shown heroism in the War of Resistance Against Japan and have lived up to the name of recovery.
After Japan's surrender, the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea began to relocate back to China in November 1945, and the Korean Restoration Army also returned to the Korean Peninsula.
However, after returning to China, the Guangfu Army was firmly controlled by Syngman Rhee, and after continuous reorganization, purging and transformation, it eventually became the Republic of Korea National Army controlled by the United States.
Today, the commander of the US military in South Korea is the supreme military commander of south Korea, and the US military in South Korea has absolute command over the Republic of Korea National Army, and the predecessor of this army, the Korean Guangfu Army, which was formed in Chongqing and fought in China, the bloody glory of those fighting on the front line of the anti-Japanese war gradually drifted into smoke and dust...