Today, the State Administration of Cultural Heritage released an important archaeological discovery, located in Bailuyuan, the eastern suburb of Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province, known locally as the "Jiangcun Tomb", which is actually the mausoleum of Liu Huan, the Emperor Wen of the Western Han Dynasty. This is also a major archaeological harvest in the archaeological excavations of the Western Han Emperor's Mausoleum by Shaanxi archaeologists since the 1990s.
Located on the east side of Jiangcun in Baqiao District, the Tomb of Emperor Wen of Han identified this time is the highest-grade vertical pit tomb with 4 tomb passages, with a length of 75 meters on the side of the burial chamber. Unlike other imperial tombs of the Western Han Dynasty, which were distributed on the Xianyang Plateau north of Xi'an and had a huge overburden-shaped ground seal, the Baling Tombs were built on the White Deer Plains east of Xi'an. According to the edict of Emperor Wen of Han, in order to alleviate the suffering of the people's labor and save manpower, he did not build the sealing soil on the ground when building the imperial tomb. Historical records record that "because of its mountain, there is no grave". Due to the lack of sealing soil as the main imperial tomb symbol and the misreading of historical materials by later generations, since the Yuan Dynasty, the Phoenix Mouth, which is two kilometers away from here, has been mistaken for a baling tomb. In the 1990s, archaeologists carried out detailed exploration and excavations near Jiangcun, and in recent years, with the continuous deepening of archaeology and the successive discovery of funerary pits, archaeologists have finally found the correct location of the Hanwen Emperor's Baling Tomb and determined the imperial tomb system.
Ma Yongyi, captain of the Hanling Archaeological Team of the Shaanxi Archaeological Research Institute, said: "Its entire mausoleum structure is divided into three parts, first of all, there is a mausoleum, the cemetery is the core area, there is the mausoleum of the emperor and empress, and then there is a mausoleum, the mausoleum symbolizes the county town of the tomb, and there is also a large funerary tomb, from the situation of the outer hidden pit, the Hanwen Emperor's mausoleum for the first time appeared to symbolize the many official offices around the emperor's mausoleum, are centered on the imperial mausoleum, distributed to the stars, in addition to a large cemetery, the emperor's mausoleum also has a small cemetery, It is a double cemetery, and it is also the first appearance in Baling. ”
Excavations at Waizang Pit No. 15 have unearthed braided chimes, gilded bronze chime fragments, filter tubes inscribed with the words Huangzhong, and dressed clay figurines that are only used when the emperor is buried, and these cultural relics indicate that this is the Lefu pit in the burial pit of the Han Wen Emperor's Baling Tomb. In the Lefu Pit, archaeologists excavated thousands of burial nude clay figurines, which are the most common and highest specifications of the Western Han Emperor's tomb burials. The pottery figurines have a typical Han Dynasty style, the height is about 50 to 70 centimeters, one-third of the life-size, the workmanship is fine, due to the age, the wooden arms of the pottery figurines and the silk and linen leather clothes worn on the body have decayed, although most of them have been torn and prostrated, but there are still red paintings on the faces and bodies of many pottery figurines. In addition, archaeologists have unearthed rare prisoners.
"We found pottery figurines with torture devices in the No. 27 pit in the southwest corner, and we previously found a cemetery for prisoners in the Hanyang Mausoleum, including Maoling, with torture devices on the bones of prisoners, and the pottery figurines with torture devices on them, which is the first time that we have found it, and from this aspect we can also countertest to the development and evolution of the imperial tombs," said Cao Long, deputy captain of the Hanling Archaeological Team of the Shaanxi Archaeological Research Institute
There are more than 115 outer pits distributed near the imperial tombs, which contain different artifacts, symbolizing the various bureaucracies of the above-earth world, and are a simulation of another life scene in the underground world of the emperor.
(Look at the news Knows reporter: Wang Zheng Editor: Ma Ting)