The second Shaanxi important archaeological new discoveries were revealed, and the Tomb of Emperor Wen of Han was selected

The Second Press Conference on New Discoveries of Important Archaeology in Shaanxi.　Courtesy of Shaanxi Archaeological Research Institute

Xi'an, January 24 (China News Network) -- The second shaanxi important archaeological new discoveries were announced on the 24th, and six archaeological projects, including the Taiping Ruins, the Zhou Dynasty Original Zhou Architecture and the Western Zhou City Site, the East Gate Ruins of the Outer City of the Qin Shi Huang Emperor Mausoleum, the Western Han Emperor Mausoleum - Baling Ruins, the Xianyang HongduYuan Tomb Group, and the Xi'an Xinxiaozhai Yuan Dynasty Zhao Family Cemetery, were successfully selected.

According to reports, the Taiping site is one of the super-large central settlement sites in the prehistoric period of Shaanxi. Initial chronological research is about 4,000 years old, and it is in a critical stage from the end of prehistory to the beginning of civilization. The excavation and research of cultural relics in this period is of great significance for exploring the transition from prehistoric culture to early civilization. Excavations at the Taiping site include ceremonial vessels and bones such as jade huang, jade bi, jade knives and pottery plaque ornaments, pottery bells, etc., which also reflect that this is a high-grade central settlement; cultural relics have elements from other contemporary cultures in the surrounding area, indicating that it is a place where many cultures gather and exchange. It is of great significance for exploring the origin process of China's multi-source civilization.

The discovery of large-scale rammed earth buildings in the pre-Zhou period of the Zhouyuan site fills the gap of high-grade buildings in the previous Zhouyuan ruins without the pre-Zhou period. Combined with the previous understanding of the scale and cultural nature of the settlement, it can be affirmed that the Site of Zhouyuan was the place where the ancient Gonggong Father moved to Qi. The confirmation of the location of Meiyang County during the Eastern Zhou Dynasty can be further proved in conjunction with the literature that the place where the father of the ancient Gonggong moved to Qi was in Zhouyuan.

Archaeological excavations at the east gate of the outer city of the Mausoleum of the First Emperor of Qin have revealed the rammed earth platform-based city gate structure one by one, and mastered the scale, shape and structure of the site. The archaeological excavations have clarified the design concept, construction technology, construction process and building materials of the east gate of the outer city of the Qin Shi Huang Emperor Mausoleum, and understood the use, burning and abandonment process of the east gate of the outer city of the Qin Shi Huang Emperor Mausoleum. The excavation harvest has provided new materials and laid a solid foundation for the in-depth exploration of the construction concept, planning layout and mausoleum system of the Mausoleum of the First Emperor of Qin, the tracing of the origin of the ancient Chinese "gate system", and the study of the history of ancient Chinese thought and the history of ancient Chinese architecture.

The archaeological harvest of Baling corrected the mistakes in historical documents, determined the tomb of the Han Emperor Andi And its scale, layout and connotation, and conjured with the historical chain of the evolution of the Western Han Emperor's mausoleum system, laying the foundation for the ancient Chinese imperial tomb system. The physical elements, planning layout and rich connotation of Baling show the initial establishment of the state political system of the Western Han Empire with the exclusive respect of the emperor and the centralization of power, and reflect the evolution and determination of the political concept and governance ideology of the Western Han Empire. A large number of precious cultural relics reflect the construction concept of "mausoleum Ruoduyi" and imperial tomb "imitating the Western Han Empire in reality", confirming the exchange, collision and integration of multi-ethnic cultures, and witnessing the historical development trend of Chinese civilization from "pluralism" to "integration".

Xianyang Hongduyuan is the most densely distributed area of large and medium-sized ancient tombs in Shaanxi Province, with large scale, high rank and long duration. From 2020 to 2021, the Shaanxi Provincial Archaeological Research Institute excavated ancient tombs from the Warring States to the Ming and Qing dynasties in this area, revealing a series of family cemeteries and cemeteries distributed in the Warring States, two Han Dynasties, Western Jin Dynasty, Sixteen Kingdoms, Northern Dynasties, Sui and Tang Dynasties, which were neatly planned, independent and orderly, and completely outlined the sequence of ancient tomb development and evolution for more than 2200 years.

The nine tombs of the Zhao family run through the Yuan Dynasty, the sequence is complete, the burial sites are clearly arranged, the burial products are rich and most of them have not been stolen in situ, which is a precious material for studying the layout, burial customs and history and culture of the Yuan Dynasty family cemeteries. Zhao family tomb excavation relics include Shaanxi Yuan tomb common black pottery figurines, black pottery ceremonial ware, etc., but also rarely unearthed more than 30 pieces of porcelain, a variety of utensils, porcelain kiln mouth involving Longquan kiln, Jingdezhen kiln, Jun kiln, Yaozhou kiln and other famous kilns in the north and south, is the last century since the 50s, Shaanxi Yuan tomb unearthed the largest number of porcelain, the most abundant batch of kiln mouth. (End)