In the face of Zhuge Liang's many northern expeditions, there has always been a difficult question to understand, that is, why did he choose to take a long detour when he went out of Qishan six times? This became a mystery, because Zhuge Liang's base camp was in Hanzhong, and its strategic goal should be to first take Guanzhong and then advance into the Central Plains. In the face of Zhuge Liang's practice, what kind of surprising combat strategy do you think he has? Why? Maybe you only know the whole thing, so let's explore the whole truth about him!
From Hanzhong to Chang'an, the nearest road is only 780 miles. During Zhuge Liang's first Northern Expedition, he chose to first go to the area around Tianshui County in Longxi and then fight east to Chang'an, a distance of nearly 1500 miles, that is, a full distance of twice as far.
Wei Yan suggested to Zhuge Liang that a surprise attack on Chang'an from the Meridian Valley was flatly rejected by the cautious Zhuge Liang. Why?
First, Chang'an was garrisoned by wei heavy troops, which was extremely difficult to defeat. Once the battle could not be resolved in a short period of time, the main force of the Wei army bit the Shu army, and the Shu army could not retreat too late, and the fight could not last long - it was difficult to transport logistical supplies from the south of the Qin Mountains.
Second, even if it is fought, it is difficult to stick to it. The reason is also logistical problems, and it is extremely difficult to transport grain from Hanzhong. Collecting grain on the spot in Guanzhong is tantamount to a fantasy, and Zhuge Liang will not do a loss-making business.
Therefore, Zhuge Liang chose the Longxi region, where the road was relatively flat, and in this direction, the wei state's defensive strength was relatively weak. Therefore, the First Northern Expedition of the Shu Army, as soon as it arrived in Longxi, took the three counties of Nan'an, Tianshui, and Anding, forming a situation of blocking the gate and attacking Guanzhong. However, some friends may read history more carefully, Zhuge Liang six out of the Qi Mountains, the last of which is to take a short road, from the Xie Valley north, directly into the hinterland of Guanzhong. That is to say, Zhuge Liang is not all about taking a long detour.
Zhuge Liang's real purpose of leaving Qishan in the north was twofold: one was to attack Guanzhong from Qishan and Longshan, and the other was to cut off the connection between Longxi and Guanzhong. The first purpose is something we have known for more than a thousand years and is easy to understand. The second purpose is to truly show Zhuge Liang's viciousness. Therefore, the last Northern Expedition launched by Zhuge Liang changed the offensive route of the previous several detours and cut longxi, and chose the very difficult Xiegu Road to enter the army, but because of the continuous mobilization of troops, the Shu state could not consume the Wei state, so it had to shorten the time for using troops and make dangerous moves.
With only such a little capital on hand, it is not easy to do. Compared with Cao Zhen and Sima Yi's wealth, the cautious Kong Ming was really pitiful. However, even so, Zhuge Liang still fought the Wei state "fearing Shu like a tiger", and the Shu army attacked to the wei river line and started Tun Tian in Wuzhangyuan, and it only took one year for Zhuge Liang to basically solve the grain problem.
Only a few months after Weinan Tuntian, Zhuge Liang became ill with overwork and died in Wuzhangyuan. His tuntian garrison policy also died with the end of his life. After seeing the glimmer of light in the success of the Northern Expedition, the Shu army had to retreat. Die before you get out of the school, and make the hero cry! So for Zhuge Liang's Six Qishan Mountains, do you understand the truth inside?