In December 1948, the Chinese People's Liberation Army won another great victory in the Liaoshen Campaign, and it was not long before the Northeast and North China Field Armies gathered 200,000 troops and quickly surrounded Beiping City.
At this time, Fu Zuoyi, the general of the Nationalist army who was guarding the city, began to be anxious, watching the rapid growth of prices in the city, the economy facing collapse, and then looking outside the city, the situation was not optimistic, where to find a breakthrough?
During this period, his daughter Fu Dongju came to his side under the secret dispatch of the central government and proposed that the CCP cooperate with him to negotiate the peaceful liberation of Peiping. Fu Zuoyi saw hope and immediately asked, "Is your superior Mao Zedong or Nie Rongzhen?" ”
Fu Zuoyi
Fu Dongju quickly told him the answer, and although Fu Zuoyi was unwilling, considering the current situation, he finally made up his mind to formally negotiate with the CCP.
So why did Fu Zuoyi ask such a question? Why are he and his daughter on different sides? Did he finally accept the surrender?
In 1948, the War of Liberation had come to an end, and after the People's Liberation Army won the Liaoshen Campaign, the next goal was to peacefully liberate Peiping and win over the national general Fu Zuoyi.
Liu Ren, who was then the director of the Urban Work Department of the Jin-Cha-Ji Central Bureau of the CPC, immediately after receiving Nie Rongzhen's order, immediately called on the underground party lurking in Beiping to find various channels to get close to Fu Zuoyi as much as possible, do his ideological work, and test his reaction. Within a few days, a list of Fu Zuoyi's relatives and friends was officially released, and the most eye-catching of them was Fu Dongju.
Fu Dongju
Fu Dongju was Fu Zuoyi's eldest daughter, because she was born in a chaotic world, so she was often arranged to move her residence everywhere in her childhood, and during the War of Resistance, she moved to Chongqing with her mother, and then was arranged to study at Nankai Middle School.
Nankai Middle School is mostly the children of important Kuomintang members, but there is no shortage of people full of anti-Japanese patriotic enthusiasm, they set up the "Horn Club" under the leadership of the Southern Bureau of the CPC, and then they will often invite "old alumnus" Zhou Enlai to come to give speeches.
Under the influence of Zhou Enlai, Fu Dongju became more and more interested in the stories of the progressive youth's patriotism and national salvation, and slowly began to believe in communism, and soon joined the secret group established by the Communist Party within the "Clarion Society".
After graduating from Nankai Middle School, Fu Dongju was admitted to the Southwest United University, which at that time was a gathering place for democratic and progressive forces, so Fu Dongju secretly joined the Democratic Youth League led by the underground party organization of the CPC under the introduction of her classmates and began to actively participate in the patriotic democratic movement led by the Communist Party.
When he graduated from school, Fu Dongju applied for a job at the newspaper and began to publish some progressive articles in the newspaper. What she did not expect was that her father Fu Zuoyi was also paying attention to his own movements at this time, and he suspected that his daughter was influenced by the Communist Party, so he proposed to let Fu Dongju study abroad, and asked Hu Shi to help him get a passport.
Fu Dongju was naturally unwilling, she felt that she stayed in China, she could do a lot of things for the country, and she didn't want her father to arrange herself in this way, Fu Zuoyi really had no choice but to agree.
During this period, Fu Dongju continued to publish progressive articles in newspapers while always paying attention to the domestic situation, and what she did not expect was that in just a few years, her father Fu Zuoyi had changed from a former anti-Japanese celebrity to an anti-communist vanguard, standing against the Chinese Communist Party.
Fu Dongju was very dissatisfied with this, and even argued with his father, hoping that he could think about how to go in the future. Unfortunately, the father and daughter have never been able to stand on the same side, and the relationship has become increasingly tense.
It was not until Fu Zuoyi was besieged in Beiping City that the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China began to look for suitable people who could persuade him to surrender, and the father and daughter resumed a new "game" .
On this day, Fu Dongju had just finished writing in the Beiping group, and before she could board the train back to Tianjin, she was dragged by a friend to meet Li Zhi, a communist party member, who asked her: "Is there any possibility that your father will revolt?" Fu Dongju thought for a moment and replied, "Possibly!" So Li Zhi immediately told her to stay in the Fu Mansion and do more persuasion work in front of her father, so as to keep abreast of the situation of the people around him.
Fu Dongju said on the spot that she would resolutely carry out the tasks of the party committee, and then asked the newspaper to stay at the Beiping reporter station, and the newspaper quickly approved her request. After the news reached Fu Zuoyi, he offered to let Fu Dongju live at home, after all, his daughter was willing to stay, and the two did not have to separate the two places, and they could also ease the relationship.
Fu Dongju naturally had no reason to refuse, after living in Fu Mansion, she began to find a suitable time to talk to her father, and when she saw her father's face full of sorrow on this day, she went over and tentatively asked: "Father, can this place in Beiping be kept?" Do you want to fight for the light of both worlds, or do you want to save the millions of citizens in the city from war? ”
Seeing that his father did not answer, Fu Dongju continued to ask: "You can't fight the war now, if you flee to the south, you can't eat without the army, or can you negotiate with the Communist Party to win a better future?" In the face of his daughter's questions, Fu Zuoyi has always listened only and not answered.
In the following time, Fu Dongju conveyed his father's details to the City Works Department while trying to use various ways to make his father change his mind. For example, he put a copy of "On Coalition Government" on his desk, and marked the key points with different colors on it, and as soon as he saw that he was interested, he quickly provided him with more information about the Communist Party.
Fu Zuoyi saw that Fu Dongju's behavior had been very strange for so many days, so he asked her face-to-face whether she had joined the Communist Party, and Fu Dongju did not dare to expose any signs, because she had to strictly abide by the discipline of the party organization, so she covered up the past with jokes.
After the liberation of Shenyang, Fu Zuoyi was called by Chiang Kai-shek to Nanjing for a meeting, and Fu Dongju was worried that his father would follow Chiang Kai-shek to fight the civil war again, so he quickly pulled him aside and said: "Father, I met an old classmate today, he is very concerned about you, let me help you carry a word, the Communist Party hopes to cooperate with you to peacefully solve the Pingjin issue!" ”
Chiang Kai-shek and Fu Zuoyi
Fu Zuoyi immediately asked her, "Is your old classmate a real Communist party member or a military command agent?" Fu Dongju immediately replied: "It is a real Communist Party, not a fake, let alone a spy!" Fu Zuoyi thought about it for a moment and then asked, "Was it sent by Mao Zedong or by Nie Rongzhen?" ”
Fu Dongju didn't understand what his father meant by asking this, so he could only reply to him: "I don't know much about this, I can help you ask." ”
Fu Zuoyi asked her as soon as possible, and Fu Dongju hurried to ask the party organization, and when he returned, he directly told him: "That old classmate was sent by Mao Zedong!" Fu Zuoyi fell into contemplation after listening to it, and after thinking about it for a while, he told Fu Dongju: "This is a big thing, I have to think about it and tell you again!" ”
After that, Fu Zuoyi rushed to Nanjing to attend the meeting, and after the meeting, he had a meal with Du Yuming, during which Du Yuming, while drinking wine, told him with a heavy heart: "The Million People's Liberation Army in the northeast will soon enter the customs, and perhaps within a year it will unify China." Fu Zuoyi's face was not alarmed at that time, and in fact, he was already worried in his heart.
Soon after returning home, he took the initiative to propose to Fu Dongju to send a telegram to Chairman Mao, and Fu Dongju was still a little incredulous at the moment, until her father dictated the contents of the telegram, and she calmed down, took these things firmly in her mind, and then conveyed them to the people of the party organization.
The telegram reached Chairman Mao in the shortest possible time, but after reading it, he was somewhat dissatisfied, because Fu Zuoyi even had illusions and wanted to join the coalition government as a third party outside the Kuomintang and the Communist Party.
Chairman Mao had already figured out Fu Zuoyi's thoughts; this man would not sincerely seek peace if he did not see the coffin and did not shed tears, and if he could not see the pressure of the soldiers.
Therefore, Chairman Mao, while ordering Lin Biao to lead the Northeast Field Army to enter the customs secretly in advance, and together with Nie Rongzhen's troops, cooperated in dividing and encircling Beiping tianjin, while ordering people not to reply to Fu Zuoyi, it was best to make him sober and sober.
Here, Fu Zuoyi could not wait for the CCP's reply, and his heart also began to be a little anxious, he thought that his daughter was not doing a good job, and he couldn't help but blame Fu Dongju. During the time he was waiting, the war situation between Pingjin and Pingjin had changed drastically.
Under the command of the central authorities, the People's Liberation Army successively conquered Tongxian, Langfang, and Fengtai, and soon after sneaked into the vicinity of the Summer Palace, after the news reached Fu Zuoyi, he panicked like a bird of fright, and seeing that the situation was already very unfavorable to himself, Fu Zuoyi quickly sent Cui Zaizhi, the president of the Pingming Daily, out of the city to find the People's Liberation Army for peace talks.
During this period, our army still did not stop fighting, conquered many areas one after another, and completely annihilated Fu Zuoyi's ace troops, the 35th Army and the 105th Army. Not long after, our army released a list of 43 first-class war criminals, and Fu Zuoyi's name ranked 31st.
Seeing that he was listed as a first-class war criminal, Fu Zuoyi could be said to be shocked and angry, and he swept the phone, pen holder and documents on his desk all on the ground with his arm, and then stumbled back to his bedroom, lying on the bed and constantly chanting: "It's over, everything is over, and the political life is over!" ”
The next day, Fu Zuoyi called Cui Zaizhi back, and then made a surprising decision: first issue a telegram to peacefully resolve the Pingjin issue, then release his military powers, and finally personally confess to Chiang Kai-shek. Obviously, at that time, Fu Zuoyi did not want to continue the peace talks, and things were afraid that things would change.
And all this was seen by Fu Dongju, who conveyed her father's situation to the party organization in a complete and careful manner, and soon attracted the attention of Chairman Mao. In order to prevent the worst from happening, he quickly wrote down six opinions himself, telling Fu Zuoyi not to send electricity first, otherwise he would have no legal status and his subordinates would be oppressed by the Jiang clan.
Chairman Mao then explained that fu Zuoyi had been listed as a war criminal in order to give him an excuse to continue fighting, to privately cooperate with the Communist Party and peacefully liberate Beijing, so that even if he had made great contributions, the Ccp could naturally pardon his war criminals and protect his subordinates.
Fu Zuoyi was still frustrated by his own failure, but after receiving Chairman Mao's opinion, the doubts and entanglements in his heart were immediately solved.
Chairman Mao
He understood Chairman Mao's true intentions, so he obediently sent his subordinates Zhou Beifeng and Deng Baoshan out of the city to hold the second and third negotiations with the People's Liberation Army, during which although there would still be many differences between the two sides, fortunately, in the end, they finally overcame all difficulties and reached a basic agreement for the peaceful liberation of Peiping.
On January 21, 1949, Fu Zuoyi formally convened a meeting of senior officers and announced his acceptance of peaceful reorganization. Ten days later, all of his 250,000 men left Peiping to await reorganization, and the Fourth Column of the Northeast Field Army also marched into Beiping and began to take over the defense of the whole city, so that Peiping was peacefully liberated.
In fact, there were also many variables during the two negotiations, which almost affected the progress of the Peiping peace talks, such as a letter written by Lin Biao to Fu Zuoyi, which was very sharp.
When Zhou Beifeng brought it back, he did not dare to give it to Fu Zuoyi, so he handed it to Fu Dongju, and she also felt that the sentence in this letter was somewhat serious, afraid that her father would regret it after reading it, so he put the envelope under a thick pile of documents on his desk.
Peiping was peacefully liberated
Fortunately, just after the agreement on the peaceful liberation of Peiping was signed, the content of this letter was published by Xinhua News Agency, and although Fu Zuoyi was very unhappy after reading it, he did not pay attention to it anymore after being explained by others.
After the peaceful liberation of Peiping, Fu Zuoyi personally went to Xibaipo to see Chairman Mao and confessed his guilt to his face, but Chairman Mao did not think so after hearing this.
He admired Fu Zuoyi's courage in abandoning the dark and casting light, so he smiled and said to him: "Peiping can be peacefully liberated, your credit is great, you have done a great thing, the people will not forget." ”
After his return, Fu Zuoyi sent a telegram to the CCP, saying that he would support the political attitude of the Communist Party, and that thereafter all patriotic Kuomintang members should start with peace in Peiping and strive to promote the rapid realization of peace throughout the country. With Fu Zuoyi's call, it didn't take long for Suiyuan to be successfully liberated.
After the founding of New China, Fu Zuoyi was appointed minister of water resources and did not retire until the year before his death. During this period, Fu Zuoyi always made great efforts in his post and made no small contribution to the water conservancy and electric power industry in New China.