First, obsessed with reading, obsessed with the title of emperor. Li Zunyan was born in 1163 AD, that is, Xia Shenzong, male, Dangxiang clan, Western Xia Shenzong Li Zunyan was born in the near branch of the imperial family, was the son of Li Yanzong, the King of Zhongwu of the State of Qi, and the nephew of Li Chunyou of The Huanzong of Western Xia and Li Ping of Xiangzong. The Western Xia was founded by the Dang Xiang people, and the men in the middle of the country were known for their toughness and good riding and shooting, and their fame was often obtained by fighting on the battlefield with swords and arrows, and they were generally not interested in reading and judging. However, Li Zunyan was an "outlier", not interested in horseback archery, but obsessed with reading. In March 1203, the 40-year-old Li Zunyan took the imperial examination, and as a result, he won the first prize in the court examination, and was hand-picked by Emperor Huanzong of Western Xia as a champion, and became a beautiful talk for a time. During the reign of Emperor Huanzong, the Mongols began to rise in the north of the desert, seriously threatening the security of Western Xia, and the internal nobles continued to struggle for power and profit, resulting in the decline of the state. In this case, Huanzong urgently needed to be assisted by talents in order to revitalize the national fortunes. In this case, Li Zunyan was promoted and reused, and in only a few years, he was promoted to the position of governor of the capital, holding the military power as a clan and becoming the most reliable imperial family in the imperial court. Years of political experience and the usurpation of power by Li An made him think that he would also become emperor. On August 12, 1211, Li Zunyan, who had long been disobedient, staged a coup d'état, deposed and killed Li An, and then established himself as emperor, changing his name to Yuan Guangding, becoming the only emperor in Chinese history.
Second, waver, confess to slavery. Li Zunyan was a "low-energy" in governing the country, and during his reign, he not only failed to save the declining national power during Li Security's reign, but instead used a series of irreparable strategic mistakes to push the empire to the "cliff" of destruction, which made the people of the country hate. Since the founding of the People's Republic of China for more than a hundred years, Western Xia has basically pursued the diplomatic policy of "big things"; whoever is strong will follow the position of mixing with whom and the strategy of "uniting the weak and resisting the strong," and the strategy of allying with other neighboring countries, and it is precisely because of the flexible application of these two sets of strategies that Western Xia has been able to stubbornly survive in the cracks between the Song, Liao, And Jin powers and always maintain an independent position. Li Zunyan completely inherited the policy of Xiangzong Li's safe self-destruction, attached himself to the Mongol Empire, continued to sabotage the relations between the Jin state and the Western Xia, sent troops to invade Jin, and during his reign did not think of negotiating peace with the Jin state, although there were constantly loyal people who spoke out, but they were scolded by him one by one, including his son Li Deren. Li Deren gave up the crown prince's throne and became a monk as a bargaining chip, but was imprisoned by Shenzong in Youzhou. In the imperial history, Liang Deyi wrote a letter asking the crown prince to return to the palace, and Emperor Shenzong reprimanded him in person and removed Liang Deyi from his official position.
Third, the national disaster is imminent, and there is no responsibility. The Mongols despised Li Zunyan's capricious behavior, so after the Western Xia was annexed again, the Mongols squeezed and bullied the Xia kingdom more and heavier than before. In this regard, Li Zunyan could only "knock out his teeth and swallow blood", and did not dare to complain a little. Within a few years, the Western Xia was crushed by Mongolia's harsh requisition policy, and the Xingxing and Lingzhou prefectures were even starving due to drought, which was an extremely rare phenomenon since the founding of the People's Republic of China. Li Zunyan's lackey behavior was not favored by the Mongols, and because he was disgusted by Li Zunyan's capriciousness, Genghis Khan repeatedly sent envoys to rebuke him for abdicating. In December 1223, under the dual pressure of Mongol coercion and opposition from courtiers, Li Zunyan was sent to the second son, Li Dewang, who claimed to be the "Emperor" still living in the palace in order to remotely control the government, and thus became the only Emperor Taishang of Western Xia. In May 1226, just as the Mongol army was capturing the western cities of Hexi, Li Zunyan fell ill and died at the age of 64, with the title of Emperor of English and the temple number Shenzong, and was buried in the funeral tomb No. 161 of the Western Xia King's Mausoleum in the northwest of Pingqiang Fort in helan Mountain, Ningxia. As the only emperor in history, Li Zunyan did not show a far-sighted and far-sighted statesmanship, but because of a series of stupid policies, he brought Western Xia into the "abyss" of eternal disaster, which was really an insult to what he had learned in his life.
Map of the situation in which Mongolia destroyed Western Xia