When it comes to the poet Du Fu, people cannot help but lament his poetry, behind which is Du Fu's melancholy and upright character. He is known as the "Saint of Poetry", one of the greatest poets in our country, and has a landmark significance for our poetry.
Today, he has more than 1,400 surviving poems, most of which are included in the Du Gongbu Collection, and each poem is a classic and treasure in the history of literature, like a shining star dotted in the long river of history. Or lament the rise and fall of the country, or the deepest sympathy for the toiling people, for modern people have a deep educational value.
However, there is such a poem, Du Fu originally intended to express the inner joy of his friend when he came to the cold house, its words are meticulous, gripping, and written into the middle school textbook, but in recent years, it has been questioned by people, and even some people have suggested that it be deleted from the textbook. Why?
Du Fu was a great poet. In 712, Du Fu was born in Gong County, Henan Province, and when he was a teenager, his family was wealthy. Despite this, Du Fu did not cultivate a bohemian personality like a clumsy disciple, on the contrary, he was diligent and studious, and he was able to compose poetry at the age of 7, as evidenced by poetry: "Seven years of thinking is strong, and opening his mouth to sing the phoenix".
With a good family situation and extraordinary talent, I think That Du Fu's life will not be too bad after that, but it will make people happen. In 736, the twenty-fourth year of the new century, coinciding with du Fu's just 24 years old, he rushed to Luoyang to participate in the imperial examination, but unfortunately fell in the first place. After that, until 747, when the Tang Dynasty held the imperial examination, Du Fu returned home without hesitation.
A majestic and heroic teenager, receiving such a blow, is extremely bitter in his heart.
His career is not smooth, but Du Fu is a person who is not a man, and the reality and inner torture are like purgatory. In 755, Du Fu, who was already 43 years old at the time, only served as a petty official named Hexi Wei, and what was even more difficult was that there were old people at the top and young people at the bottom, and Du Fu was forced to do this useless errand because of his livelihood.
Because of the family's poverty, the next year the younger son starved to death, one word: miserable!
Another impoverished experience of life ensued: the Anshi Chaos. This current political situation, which affected the Transformation of the Tang Dynasty from prosperity to decline, also deeply affected Du Fu.
In June 756, the rebel An Lushan attacked Tongguan, and Emperor Xuanzong fled to Sichuan shu, and the crown prince Li Heng succeeded him. Du Fu was first captured, and then luckily escaped, so that he was spared from prison. However, it is precisely this experience that makes him feel the misfortune of the poor people even more, and has an emotional resonance, and finally condenses into the immortal masterpieces of "three officials" and "three distinctions".
Time flew by, and after experiencing the catastrophe of life, Du Fu finally came to Chengdu after 5 years, ending decades of upheaval and displacement.
Without the disturbances of war, the misfortunes of the career will be forgotten, and a quiet and comfortable "petty bourgeois" life will arrive.
This year, Du Fu was close to 50 years old, which was the year of not being confused.
In his spare time, Du Fu also built a grass hall for himself at the head of Huanhua Creek, named "Huanhua Caotang".
Leisurely feelings arise spontaneously.
The poem "Kezhi" was created in this life background:
The spring water in the north and south of the house is spring water, but the flock of gulls comes day by day. The flower path has not been swept by guests, and the Pengmen gate is now open for the king. PanYi City is far from tasteless, and the bottle restaurant is poor and only old. Ken drank opposite his neighbor and called out the remaining cups across the fence.
At that time, the friend made an appointment with Du Fu to come to his house as a guest. Du Fu's family was poor, but he was still proud and happy about the arrival of his friends. Exactly in response to the words of Old Master Kong: "Friends come from afar, are you happy?" ”
This poem records the joy in Du Fu's heart as his friend approached. The first sentence of the poem, one is spring water, one is a flock of gulls, showing the beauty of nature; two or three sentences of narration, starting from the details of flower paths, Pengmen, pansheng, bottle wine, etc., record the simplicity of the poet; the last sentence is straight to the chest, and the expectation of friends jumps on the paper.
Du Fu's rare leisure masterpiece was written into the Chinese textbooks for middle school students.
However, in recent years, it has been controversial because of the phrase "Pengmen is now open for the king". It turns out that some parents think that this sentence is easy to be thought of. Middle school students are not yet psychologically mature, their development is susceptible to external influences, middle school students may go astray when they read it, if you delete this poem, it is more conducive to their growth.
Friends, what do you think? Feel free to leave a comment below.