Kan is in Guangzhou (1) has nothing to do, Yuan (2) Chaoyun Baiyi (3) is outside the fast, and twilight is transported inside the fast. When asked why, he replied, "We are committed to the Central Plains, and we are afraid of being overwhelmed by (6) things, so we are tired of our own ears." ”
Kan sex is smart and diligent, sitting on his knees all day long (7), the military government affairs, inspection and shooting, not trying (8) less idle. As the saying goes, "The sage of Dayu is a man who cherishes the yin, but as for the multitudes, when the yin is divided, how can it be (9) wandering and drunk (10)." Life is useless when it is not beneficial, death is unheard of later, it is self-abandonment also! ”
Kan in Guangzhou: Refers to Tao Kan's tenure as an assassin in Guangzhou.
ANT: Always, every time.
甓 (pì): Brick.
TOO: Too much, too much.
Youyi: Leisurely and comfortable.
KAN: Competent, bearing.
Knee-to-knee sitting: Knee-folding, cross-legged. Sit up straight, straight.
No: No, no.
But: only, only.
Idle and drunk: that is, eating, drinking and having fun. Leisurely, indulgent play. Drunk, indulging in wine.
Tao Kan served as an assassin in Guangzhou, and when there was nothing to do, he always moved a hundred bricks outside the study in the morning and into the study in the evening. When asked why he did this, Tao Kan replied, "I am working hard to recover the lost land in the Central Plains, and I am afraid that I will not be able to bear major events in the future, so I let myself suffer a little first." ”
Tao Kan was intelligent and sharp in nature, humble and courteous, diligent in his work, sitting cross-legged all day, managing and supervising many affairs in the military government, without omission, without a moment of leisure. Tao Kan often said to people: "Dayu is a saint, but he cherishes every inch of time, for us ordinary people, we should cherish every minute of time, how can we just think of eating, drinking and having fun?" When he was alive, he did not contribute to the country at that time, and after he died, he was not remembered by future generations. ”
Say "but": "But" originally meant "to take off the shirt and reveal a part of the body", which was later borrowed as "only, only".
"But" has the following common interpretations in the text.
Means "only, only". As in the above article, "How can you be drunk but idle". Another example is "Mulan Poem": "But I smell the splashing of the Yellow River water".
Means "as long as", which means a hypothesis or condition. For example, "Out of the Plug Two Songs": "But let the Dragon City fly in, do not teach Humadu Yin Mountain".
Means "just, though". Such as "but it doesn't hurt to say", "but sit may as well".
Refers to "just, but". For example, in the "Book of Wu Quality": "There is an escape in the official work, but it is not heard."
Inch yin and sub-yin
The "inch yin" and "yin" mentioned above refer to the time when the shadow of the sun moves by one inch and one minute, which is a metaphor for a very short time.
The reason for this is related to the ancient chronograph tool "sundial".
"Day" means "sun", "sun" means "shadow", and "sundial" means "shadow of the sun".
Sundial, also known as "sun gauge", is usually composed of a dial needle and a dial, and the principle is to divide the time by measuring the change of the shadow cast by the dial needle on the dial.
According to the placement angle of the dial, sundials can be divided into horizon, vertical, equatorial, etc., the most common is equatorial sundial.
The dial needle of the equatorial sundial is perpendicular to the dial, which is mounted on a stone platform and parallel to the equatorial plane, so that the sundial's pointer is parallel to the direction of the Earth's axis of rotation.
Twelve hours are carved equally on both sides of the dial, and at noon, the shadow of the dial needle falls exactly north upwards.
Every year after the spring equinox, look at the shadow above the dial, and after the autumn equinox, look at the shadow below the dial.
The disadvantages of sundials are also obvious, and they cannot be used without sunlight, such as cloudy days and nights.
Therefore, the ancients also invented the "leak engraving", which measures time by changing the level of water in the leaky pot.
Tao Kan, a character scholar, came from a poor background, initially just a small official in the county, and later through his own efforts, he gradually came to the fore.
Tao Kan was once the assassin of Jingzhou, and under his rule, the society was stable, known as "the road is not left behind".
Tao Kan was also a famous general who had quelled many rebellions and made great achievements for the stability of the Eastern Jin Dynasty.
Therefore, at that time, some people commented on Tao Kan that "the gods of the public machine are like Wei Wu, loyal and industrious are like Kong Ming, and the people of Lu Kang cannot reach it."
Tao Kan also has a very famous descendant, that is, Tao Yuanming, who is known as the "originator of the pastoral school", is his great-grandson.
Tao Kan's ability to have such achievements is inseparable from Tao Mu's careful teaching and strict requirements, and the following story has been widely praised.
Seal the altar and retire
In his youth, Tao Kan served as a petty officer in the management of the fishery.
Once, one of his subordinates saw that Tao Kan was living a miserable life, so he took a pot of fish carp (that is, pickled fish) from the treasury and gave it to Tao Kan.
The filial piety Tao Kan immediately thought of his mother, so he asked someone to bring it to his mother.
Tao Mu was very happy after receiving the fish, and casually asked the person who gave the fish: "Where did this altar fish come from?" ”
The man who delivered the fish said, "It's the government."" ”
After hearing this, Tao Mu's face darkened, and she resealed the open pickled fish, and then wrote a letter to ask the person to return the altar fish.
The letter said to Tao Kan: "As an official, you gave me the goods of the government, which not only did not benefit me, but also increased my sorrow!" ”
Tao Kan received the fish and reply letter returned by his mother, and was greatly shocked and even more guilty. So he made up his mind to follow his mother's instructions all his life, to be innocent and honest as an official.
Sima Guang of the Northern Song Dynasty, "Zizhi Tongjian JinJi"
Tao Kan is strict with himself, every second must be raced, always keeping in mind the great ambition in his heart, and finally achieved a great cause through his own efforts.
Many of the sages in history are examples of good use of time. For example, Dong Yu advocated using the "three Yu" time to read, while Ouyang Xiu said: "Most of the articles written by Yu Pingsheng are on the three, but on the horse, on the pillow, and on the toilet." ”
"An inch of time is an inch of gold, an inch of gold is difficult to buy an inch of time", time is precious and fair, it will not give anyone more than a point, nor will it give anyone less than a second. But the diligent can tell time to leave a bunch of fruit, while for the lazy, time will only give him a gray hair.
(End of this article)
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