Grandmother Gao's family lineage and The Chongwen Pavilion of the Zheng clan of Lanxi
Cai Yuxin (Original)
Gao's grandmother, Zheng Shi (1814--1891), called herself Wei Yu, was one of the few female poets in Lanxi in the Qing Dynasty. According to the Republic of China's "Lanxi Cai Clan Genealogy", the grandfather Cai Yu (1816--1848), the character Fu Ji, the number of Jianxi, Yi Liaosheng, "married zheng, Yi Liaosheng Taoyuan duke second daughter". A few years ago, my family sorted out and printed Gao's poetry collection "Shuxuan Caotang Poems".
Due to the limited information obtained and the incomplete family oral information, we have not been able to clarify her family lineage, and even speculated that she is from Hangzhou.
When the first month of this year was about to pass, I learned in the WeChat group that the Lanxi Zheng family was compiling the family tree, and contacted Mr. Zheng Jianping, the head of the Zheng spectrum, on the issue of the family lineage of the grandmother, and he warmly invited me to check the genealogy information of the Zheng family. On the weekend, I went as scheduled, exchanged some views and information with Mr. Zheng, and left relevant search information, which he was full of confidence. Sure enough, less than a week later, Mr. Zheng told me a surprise in WeChat: he found the genealogy information of his grandmother! When I saw the WeChat picture sent by Mr. Zheng, I was really relieved that I could finally solve the mystery of Gao's grandmother's family lineage. Last Saturday, I went to Mr. Zheng's office again, carefully inspected Zheng's spectrum, and kept the relevant information.
The "Lanxi Zheng Clan Genealogy" was first revised in the tenth year of Ming Hongzhi (1497), and the reviser was Zheng Zheng (1428--1516), who was a famous figure in the history of Lanxi, and the first county chronicle in lanxi history, "Zhengde Lanxi County Chronicle", was jointly compiled by Zhang Mao and Zheng Zheng. There are two kinds of surviving "Lanxi Zheng Clan Genealogy", namely the seventeenth year of Qing Guangxu (1891) and the nineteenth year of the Republic of China (1930).
According to the "Lanxi Zheng Clan Genealogy", Gao's father, Zheng Zhendu (1777--1829), was a candidate for Confucian teaching. He had two daughters, "Ji Shi Yi Gave Birth to Cai Yu." This information is consistent with the Lanxi Cai Family Genealogy.
Grandmother Gao's father, Zheng Zhendu, was a student, the best of the county school talents, and was able to receive the government's scholarship on time. He had three sons: Zheng Yaoqian, Zheng Yaokun, and Zheng Yaojiang, all of whom were "Tai students", that is, Guozijian students. His eldest daughter married Lin Xianghong, a nongzi keju, and the Lanxi Guangxu County Chronicle records: "Xianfeng SECOND Year (1852) 壬子, Lin Xianghong, the character 榦芗, in the city". Grandmother Gao lived in such a bookish family and received a good education from her father from an early age. The Lanxi Cai Clan Genealogy records that Grandmother Gao "entered the school with her father at an early age, received poetry books, and worked on poems." ”
After her grandmother got married, she and her grandfather Cai Yuqinser and Ming, filled in words and wrote poems, sang and harmonized with each other, and accumulated many poetry works over the years. "After yu returned, he often sang harmony with his husband, and died into a scroll." It is very unfortunate that Grandfather Gao died young, "unfortunately lost his place, so he burned the manuscript and repeatedly wanted to get out of the ground." Because of the thoughts, there are orphans and orphans. "Grandmother Gao was so grief-stricken that she burned the manuscripts of the poems of the two of them before." Three years without leaving the house", resolutely raised his son as an adult.
In her later years, her grandmother resumed her poetry creation, "and in her later years she resumed to use poetry for recreation," and in her poems, you can feel the depth of her feelings for her very much and missing her parents, especially for her mother. There is a memorial poem "There is a Huaiwulin mother":
Remember from the age of A to say goodbye to kindness, goose foot fish scale fee repeatedly awarded.
The two places were separated by Yan Chu, and for several years they had been broad and cloudy.
Knowing the affection is thick and often hanging, and the shame of the woman is less than the return.
Feeling the old and nostalgic for infinite thoughts, only the attachment is in the heart.
From this poem, we learn that Grandmother Gao's parents live in Hangzhou, and she has repeatedly traveled to Hangzhou Province to visit her parents, and often exchanged letters to send her thoughts. Previously, we were limited by information, so we speculated from this poem that Grandmother Gao may be from Hangzhou, and now we can correct it.
She also has a poem in memory of her mother: "Dream before mercy":
Last night in the dream, I met with kindness, and the dream turned to tears.
Ding Province has long been a trace of the past, and the sound is still reminiscent of the previous life.
Sitting and talking is still the same thing, and it is difficult to find a goodbye when you wake up.
On another day, if the sect is under the spring, Pan Za is willing to hold the side of the relatives.
According to the Lanxi Zheng Clan Genealogy, Grandmother Gao's mother was the granddaughter of Xu Fayan, "Xu Shi, the daughter of The Gongsun of Xinghua, Yanping, and Shaowu Prefecture of Taiwan. "Xu Fayan is Xu Dejun (1708--1784), and the sixth volume of the Guangxu Lanxi County Chronicle records that he was in the first year of Qianlong (1736) Bingchen Zhongju, the second year (1737) Ding Wei, Yu Minzhong list Xu Dejun Zhongjinshi. In the appendix of Guangxu Zhi Volume VI, there is his biography: "Xu Dejun, Zi Fa Yan, a native of Chengbei, a jinshi in the second year of Qianlong, who has known Fuding, Hui'an, Chiayi, Jian'an and other counties." Sheng Taiwan Tongzhi, successively xinghua, Yanping, Shaowu prefect.
Among the poems written by Grandmother Gao in her later years, some of which are nostalgic for Her Grandfather Gao, two poems are now extracted, one of which is "Reading the Manuscript of the Deceased Husband Jianxi Gong":
The inspector could not bear to look at it, and repented on the day of the confession.
Ten years of Xiao Temple's air attack and suffering, infinite sorrow and tears.
There is also a poem called "Continuing to Cry For Words":
After the division of the luan has stopped chanting, the fragments of the two tears are weeping.
I think it is the end of the pain, and the aftermath is still left.
Grandmother Gao had two sons, Cai Wenlian and Cai Wenying, who died young, and Grandmother Gao pinned all her hopes on her great-grandfather Cai Wenying, teaching her from time to time, and entrusting him with her grandfather's legacy for safekeeping, so that he could inherit the family "book fragrance":
Fu and Ying'er Shi attacked Tibet, and Mian Er fenzhi continued to write.
The article is that the father hated life, and the hand was left to die.
Great-grandfather Cai Wenying (1846--1929) went to Hangzhou to participate in the township examination, and every time he went out, grandmother Gao calculated the return trip and eagerly hoped that her son would return home safely.
After hearing the autumn, the return date has reached the end of the decade.
The boat travels to He Shu'er, and looks at the people who are leaning on it.
Cai Wenying (1846--1929), also known as Haixia, Xiaoxi, Xishan Yimin, Zenggongsheng, Jinfeng Dynasty Counselor, has the "Lanyin Shanfang Poetry Collection" survived. He abandoned Confucianism in middle age and went to Shanghai, and after returning to his hometown, he served as the deputy general director of the county persuasion school and the director of the county anti-smoking branch. The "Lanxi Cai Family Genealogy" also said that he served as the "principal of the county high and junior primary school", I checked the lanxi republic of the county chronicle materials, there is a record that he served as the principal, during the period, Wang Baoyuan, Jiang Li also served as the principal.
In addition, Gao Grandmother's fengfeng Gongren, Jingjie Filial Piety, Guangxu Lanxi County Chronicle volume five sections of women are loaded. Jie Xiao Ancestral Hall, in the county seat of Liufang, Yongzheng 4th year (1726) Zhixian Hu Qimin Fengwen jian, Qianlong 32 years (1767) repair, Xin You (1861) burned down, Tongzhi 6 years (1867) reconstruction.
The "Lanxi Cai Clan Genealogy" records that Gao's grandmother's poetic works "have been left behind slightly, and they have been collected and published by Hu Yueqiao for observation." She has a poem of "self-lamentation", in which she describes her fate and mentions that her poetry has been recognized by the outside world.
The little cleverness annoys the mother, who knows that the thin life is half worried.
The book is memorized, and the poem is not left for the sad manuscript.
Deeply ashamed of the invitation to the slang at a glance, dare to hope that the price is heavy.
The article career is empty and envious, and I sigh that I was born to a white head.
There is a self-annotation in the poem: "Yu Shi invited Deng Xiaolian and Hu To observe ergong to take it twice." That is, her work was adopted by both of them and published in the relevant collections. "Hu Yueqiao Observation", that is, Hu Fengdan (1828--1889), a Yongkang person compiled by the Qing Dynasty Jinhua Series, hu had the title of "Daotai", which was also called "Observation" in the old days. Deng Xiaolian, whose name is unknown, but my initial judgment was Deng Zhongyu, the compiler of the Qing "Chronicle of Jinhua County", and the "Guangxu Lanxi County Chronicle" records: "In the sixth year of Tongzhi (1867), Ding Di was a ke and supplementary jiazi, Deng Zhongyu, the character Zi Xun, a person in the city. Deng is a person, and the person is also known as "filial piety".
Grandmother Gao traveled with several female poets in Shanghai, singing harmony with each other through Hongyan. She has traveled to Shanghai and met with female poets to practice poetry. She returned to Lanxi from Shanghai and left a poem every time she passed by boat. Grandmother Gao also likes to visit the scenic spots and temples of Lanxi, which is also a scene and a poem, a temple and a poem, I have written another article, and I will not repeat it here.
In the third year of Guangxu (1877), Ding Ugly, when her grandmother was sixty-four years old, came to the Chongwen Pavilion outside the east gate of Lanxi with great interest. She recalled that when she was a teenager fifty years ago (1827), she followed her father to Chongwen Pavilion, and she was full of emotions and wrote two poems. "In the first summer of Ding Ugly, You Chongwen Pavilion, because he remembered that he had been a servant here in the year of His Wife, and he felt that he had done something."
One
Ge Jian Chongwen sense of the old tour, baiyun herbs two leisurely.
The famous mountains are lined with greenery, and the trees are quiet.
Sit outside the falling flowers and listen to the birds talking about the branches.
There are nostalgia for the past like flowing water, and the vicissitudes of the sea and the mulberry fields have become autumns.
Second
Hair Bun used to travel here, and chongwen Gaoge was leisurely.
The Cloud Mountain is still very tolerant, and the flowers and trees are once again magnificent.
Gu I should be hurt and touched, thinking about family affairs and waiting for words to start from the beginning.
Now the two sideburns are white, and it has been fifty autumns for the past year.
Chongwen Pavilion is the family property of the Zheng clan of Lanxi, and the Guangxu Lanxi County Chronicle volume VIII monuments: "Chongwen Pavilion (former Zhi) at the foot of Dayun Mountain, the Zheng clan was built as the place of the He clan Huiwen, and rebuilt after the fire. The term "Huiwen" comes from the Analects of the Analects, in which gentlemen meet with friends in literature, and later refer to the gathering of literati to exchange knowledge. It can be seen that Chongwen Pavilion is a place for students in the Zheng family to study, and it is the academy of the Zheng family.
The Lanxi Zheng clan has always had a tradition of calligraphy, according to the "Guangxu Lanxi County Chronicle", Zheng Zhen's son Zheng Zhen, after resigning from the government and returning home, built the "North Garden", calling himself North Garden. He built a library building on the east side of the garden, and left behind the "poems of self-attribution to the north garden" and "poems of the mountain villa".
The "Lanxi Zheng Clan Genealogy" of the seventeenth year of Qing Guangxu (1891) and the nineteenth year of the Republic of China (1930) are painted with Chongwen Pavilion diagrams. The Chongwen Pavilion diagram in the Guangxu version of the "Lanxi Zheng Clan Genealogy" is like this: the pavilion is built against the mountain, and the plaque of the gate reads "Zheng Chongwen Pavilion" with five characters, entering the courtyard, planted with flowers and trees, in the middle is the "Six Star Palace", the building is magnificent, and there are boxes on both sides.
The Chongwen Pavilion (after reconstruction) in the "Lanxi Zheng Clan Genealogy" of the nineteenth year of the Republic of China (1930) is like this: the pavilion is built on the mountain, and there is a "back garden" behind the cabinet. The plaque at the gate reads "Zheng's Chongwen Pavilion" with the five characters, and enters the courtyard and is planted with flowers and trees. In the middle is the "Six Star Palace", which is magnificent in architecture. The first one on the right is a box, the left head has no box room, there is a garden, and there is a building behind the garden, marked as "one floor higher".
There is a clear difference between the Chongwen Pavilion map in the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China period, that is, there are "higher-level" buildings in the Chongwen Pavilion map in the Republic of China period. This is an interesting piece of information, because I found information about "going to the next level" in the "Guangxu Lanxi County Chronicle". Guangxu Lanxi County Chronicle Volume VIII Monuments: "Yushi Academy, old on the left of Shengshou Temple in the east of the city, at the foot of Dayun Mountain." Tang Long Reading Office, later abolished, the ninth Sun Wei Xinbei was built on the left side of the Special Ancestral Hall behind the City God Temple. Inside there is a higher floor, the ground occupies a high fu, you can overlook the distance, Wu Ying pulled the title. Xianfeng Xin you (1861) burned. The meaning of this passage is that during the Ming Dynasty, there was a Yushi Academy on the left side of shengshou temple in the east of the city, at the foot of Dayun Mountain, where Tang Long (1477--1546) studied. Later, the academy was abandoned, and Tang Weixin, the ninth grandson of Tang Long, rebuilt a fishing stone academy on the left side of the Tang Long Ancestral Hall behind the City God Temple. There is a building in the academy called The Higher Floor, which is high and open, and you can stand on the upper floor and look out into the distance. Xianfeng Xin Younian (1861), destroyed in the Taiping Army's attack on Lanxi County. The Tang Long Ancestral Hall is the "Tang Wen Xiang Gong Ancestral Hall, built in the thirty-ninth year (1551) of Ming Jiajing after the City God Temple, with the inscription of Ming Muzong's scholarly profundity and loyalty and diligence, the Wanli Bingshu (1586) Zhejiang Inspector Wen Chun Inscription Zheng Chuan Yuan, the Lü Feng Shu Yang Zhi Zhi Er Zi Yuan, the Jing Shu Shu Shu (According to Guangxu Zhi)
Zheng's Chongwen Pavilion and Tang's Yushi Academy both have "higher floor" buildings, is this a coincidence of the name, or do they have historical origins with each other? Chongwen Pavilion is at the foot of Dayun Mountain, and the former site of Yushi Academy is also in the foothills of Dayun Mountain. I speculate that after the Yushi Academy at the foot of Dayun Mountain was abandoned, it was sold to the Zheng family by Tang Long's ninth grandson, Tang Weixin. After the Zheng family bought this land, they built Chongwen Pavilion as a family academy to inherit culture. Because there was originally a "higher floor" in the former site of Yushi Academy (Tang Weixin later moved to the back of the City God Temple), when the Zheng family rebuilt the Chongwen Pavilion, the original site rebuilt the "higher floor" building (and at this time, the "higher floor" in the Yushi Academy after the City God Temple had been destroyed and was not rebuilt).
Chongwen Pavilion was built at the foot of Dayun Mountain, so where is its specific location? I consulted Li Yimin, an expert in the lanxi fish scale atlas. Soon, Teacher Li sent relevant information, in the Tongzhi version of the Lanxi Fish Scale Atlas, ChongwenGe's cadastral map number is Jinzi No. 365, covering an area of 2.04 mao, east of the foot of Dayun Mountain, sitting east facing west, sitting on the ground is Shijiatang.
So what section of Shijiatang is on today? I looked at the 1940 lanxi county map and found a place name of "Shijiatang Along", at the foot of Dayun Mountain. Its current location is: on the south side of Yunshan Road, opposite the Xu Clan Ancestral Hall and the Yan Family Mansion (Mo shang Hua Blossom), which is the demolition plot of Taohuawu in recent years.
Who would have thought that it was now a brick and tile ruin land, and it was actually a cultural accumulation highland of the two Lanxi family members of Tang and Zheng. Five hundred years ago, Tang Long, a famous "Tang Tianguan" in lanxi history, studied hard here, and after achieving a meritorious name, he walked out of Lanxi, supported the world, and helped the people of the world. More than 200 years later, the Zheng family established the Chongwen Pavilion here, admired the sages, and built a "higher level" building, so that the students could ascend to the far horizon and cast a great ambition for the world.
The Si people have gone, the past can not be traced, however, I imagined the Chongwen Pavilion on this old land once again stood, striding up to a higher level, looking out from the railing, only to see the sunset reflecting the lanyin mountain outline, the middle continent fishing fire looming, the lanjiang river on the sail shadow.
When the wonderful illusion ended, I did not hesitate to be ugly, imitating the verses in wang bo's "Preface to the Pavilion of the King of Teng" of the Tang Dynasty, and subconsciously emerged: Where are the children of the Pavilion now? The Lan River flows empty of sills. （2021.3.15）