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Editor's note: This year marks the centenary of the Communist Party of China. The centennial journey has been magnificent, and countless heroic models have emerged, who have written a magnificent chapter of song and tears for the prosperity and strength of the country and the rejuvenation of the nation with wisdom and sweat, even blood and life. Since June 1, red network has always launched a column report to dig deep into the touching deeds of Hunan heroes, carry forward the red tradition, inherit red genes, vividly and vividly tell the heroic model stories, and absorb the wisdom and strength of moving forward.
Portrait of Jiang Xianyun.
Hunan Xintian has walked out of such a "school bully". He was admitted to the first phase of the Whampoa Military Academy with the first place, and later graduated with the first place, creating a miracle of "no one coming later" in the history of the Whampoa Military Academy. He is Jiang Xianyun.
Former residence of Jiang Xianyun.
Mao Zedong introduced him to the party and to the Whampoa Military Academy
Jiang Xianyun, also spelled Xiangyun, was born in 1902 in Dapingtang Township, Xintian County, Hunan Province. In 1917, he was admitted to the Hunan Provincial Third Normal School. When the May Fourth Movement broke out in 1919, Jiang Xianyun served as the director general of the Shonan Students' Federation and became the leader of the Shonan student movement. In the winter of 1921, through the introduction of Mao Zedong, Jiang Xianyun joined the Communist Party of China. On September 14, 1922, Jiang Xianyun, together with Liu Shaoqi and Li Lisan, led the Anyuan Road miners' strike that shocked the whole country, and immediately grew into the leader of the workers' movement.
In January 1924, the Kuomintang Congress was held in Guangzhou, and the first Kuomintang-Communist cooperation was formally formed. In order to create the backbone of the revolutionary armed forces, at the suggestion of the Communists, the Kuomintang decided to establish an army officer school, the Whampoa Military Academy.
Army Officer School (Whampoa Military Academy).
In the spring of 1924, the first phase of the Whampoa Military Academy began to enroll students. Jiang Xianyun was introduced by Mao Zedong and others to the Whampoa Military Academy. At that time, the examination requirements were very strict, first the preliminary examination for enrollment was conducted in 19 provinces and regions across the country, and then a large-scale re-examination was conducted in Shanghai, Chongqing and other cities, and only after passing the examination could you go to Guangzhou to take the general examination. The general examination includes Chinese language, mathematics, history, geography and other subjects, among more than 1200 candidates, Jiang Xianyun ranked first.
What is even more amazing is that from the beginning of admission to the graduation examination, he won the first place in all subjects, which not only created a miracle of "no one coming later" in the history of the Whampoa Military Academy, but also very rare in the history of Chinese and foreign military schools.
In addition, under the leadership of Zhou Enlai, Jiang Xianyun initiated the establishment of the "Young Soldiers' Federation" to publicize the revolutionary message. The membership quickly grew from more than 2,000 to more than 20,000, and the scope of activities spread throughout the country, affecting a large number of people, including The Founding Marshal Xu Xiangqian and the senior general Zuo Quan of the Red Army. As a result, Jiang Xianyun became the most influential and prestigious student of the Whampoa Military Academy. Zhou Enlai praised him as a "highly qualified student at a military academy" and "a general."
Jiang Xianyun Martyrs Memorial Hall.
Bronze statue of Jiang Xianyun.
The head can be broken, the blood can be shed, and the Communist Party cannot be lost
In early 1925, Jiang Xianyun graduated and stayed at the school as the secretary of Chiang Kai-shek, the president of the Whampoa Military Academy. Although Chiang Hsien-yun was deeply loved and favored by Chiang Kai-shek and was quickly promoted, he was firm in his faith and upright.
After the "Zhongshan Ship Incident" in 1926, Chiang Kai-shek induced Jiang Xianyun to break away from the Communist Party with the position of "Lieutenant General Education Chief", but Jiang Xianyun, who had dual party membership, was the first to publicly declare his separation from the Kuomintang. When threatened and seduced, Jiang Xianyun said in awe: "The head can be broken, the blood can be shed, and the Communist Party membership must not be lost." ”
In July 1926, Jiang Xianyun participated in the Northern Expedition and served as the secretary of the headquarters of the Northern Expeditionary Army, and later served as the commander of the Supplementary 5th Regiment, and moved to Guangdong, Hunan, Gansu and Hubei. Chiang Kai-shek sent several people to invite Chiang Xianyun to the post of commander of the 1st Division of the 1st Army, on the premise that "a statement of withdrawal from the Communist Party must be issued." Jiang Xianyun was unmoved and whisked his sleeve away.
At the beginning of 1927, Chiang Kai-shek's counter-revolutionary conspiracy was increasingly exposed, and Jiang Xianyun resolutely went to Wuhan to serve as the captain of the workers' picket corps of the Hubei Provincial Federation of Trade Unions, proposed the establishment of the Huangpu Student Anti-Chiang Kai-shek Committee, and shouted in the publication of the "Special Issue of Asking For Chiang Kai-shek": "Former principal, today's school thief!" "If Jiang Thief is not removed, there will be no day in the world!" He expressed his firm stand of a complete break with Chiang Kai-shek.
"Three servants and three uprisings" died heroically, at the age of 25
In May 1927, the Nationalist government in Wuhan decided to continue the Northern Expedition, and Jiang Xianyun was appointed as the commander of the 77th Regiment of the 26th Division of the 11th Army of the National Revolutionary Army and a party representative, leading the troops north to Henan. On May 28, when fighting against the Fengzhi warlords in Linying, Henan, Jiang Xianyun was a pioneer soldier, unfortunately shot, and died heroically, at the age of 25.
"Jiang Xianyun took the lead and galloped straight into the enemy position; the first time, he wounded his leg with a gunshot, and could have retired from the line of fire, but he ignored it and commanded as before; the second time, the artillery wounded his horse, and the men and horses fell to the ground, and he did not care; the third time, the gun wounded his chest, bleeding incessantly, and the servants could not afford it, and they shouted and chased the enemy. In the end, the lower-level officers and soldiers came to the rescue and retreated, but they were martyred in the line of duty! This is the process of Jiang Xianyun's heroic sacrifice of "three servants and three uprisings" and his final victory. According to the article "The Second Northern Expedition, the Battle of Linying", "Commander Jiang personally led the regiment along the Wuli River and Xinzhuang, destroyed the artillery positions of the Feng army, and turned the tide of the war."
After Jiang Xianyun's death, Zhou Enlai personally presided over a memorial service in Wuchang, when the weekly newspaper "Guide", an organ of the CPC Central Committee, published a eulogy entitled "Tribute to Comrade Jiang Xianyun." Marshal Xu Qianqian called Jiang Xianyun "resolute in struggle, brave in battle, quick in mind, and an example for young soldiers," and personally wrote an inscription for him: "The martyr Jiang Xianyun is immortal."
Jiang Xianyun's life, although short, was full of brilliance. In his honor, Xintian County named a bustling street in the county seat (the direction from the county seat to Jiang Xianyun's birthplace) Xianyun Road. Nowadays, Xianyun Passerby is bustling with people, and the roads are lined with lush greenery, and the years are quiet. However, history will not forget, the people will not forget, Jiang Xianyun's revolutionary feelings and patriotic fighting spirit will always inspire future generations.