Lane 650, Guoshun Road, JiuYuan, the elegant name of the ninth dormitory of Fudan University. The idyllic name does not affect its rise in the history of Education and Science in China.
From Chen Wangdao, the old principal of Fudan, who translated the first Chinese full translation of the Communist Manifesto, to the famous mathematicians Su Buqing, Chen Jiangong, Gu Chaohao, Hu Hesheng and his wife; from Tan Jiazhen, the main founder of genetic science in New China, to Tan Qijun, the main founder of the discipline of historical geography, economists Jiang Xuemo and Zhang Xuanhua, cai Zuquan, "the father of China's electric light source", etc. They were all neighbors here. In May 2018, the renovation of the former residence of Chen Wangdao in the first phase of Jiuyuan Was completed, and the theme of "The Source of Faith" was built as the exhibition hall of the Communist Manifesto.
Today (July 3), the former residence of Su Buqing and Tan Jiazhen (Chen Jiangong) in the park was renovated and opened to the public. At this point, the "Jiuyuan Patriotic Education Building Complex" was officially completed.
The stories of the masters of science have long been widely circulated, and here, in their daily living places, more small things are bit by bit, and together they depict a magnificent life.
The story of 3 scientists and two small buildings begins here
"The green lotus house is the most delicate, the garden is like a fire in July; the oleander shades the red moon season, and the cockscomb flowers reflect the beautiful banana." Many people will be surprised that this poem is actually written by the mathematician Mr. Su Buqing, and this pastoral fun is closely related to Jiuyuan.
In the early 1950s, with the large-scale adjustment of colleges and universities across the country, a group of well-known professors gathered in Fudan, including Chen Jiangong, Su Buqing, and Tan Jiazhen, members of the Standing Committee of the Faculty of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (equivalent to today's academicians).
In September 1956, with the approval of the Shanghai Municipal Party Committee, the construction of two professors' villas specially approved by the central government began. Both professors' residences have a floor area of 197 square meters and the same spatial shape. The building adopts a red flat tile slope roof, yellow cement brushed outer wall, wooden doors and windows are neatly and orderly opened on all four sides of the house, and a "human" shaped slope door opening is set in front of the house, which is unique. In front of the building, there is a green lawn, surrounded by metasequoia, osmanthus and other trees, green trees, birds and flowers.
After the completion of the Professor's Villa, No. 65 became the residence of Mr. Chen Jiangong. Chen Jiangong was the first Chinese student to obtain a doctorate in Japan, and after graduation, he refused his mentor to keep him to work in Japan, and resolutely returned to China to teach mathematics. He wrote "Trigonometric Series Theory", made a significant contribution to the study of trigonometric functions, and together with Su Buqing called the "Chen Su School". In the small building No. 65, Chen Jiangong, who is over the age of flower armor, is still tirelessly engaged in teaching and scientific research every day, cultivating many outstanding mathematical talents for the country and promoting the development of Modern and Contemporary Mathematics in China.
In the 1950s, in order to improve the level of mathematical education and mathematical research in New China as soon as possible, Chen Jiangong once put forward the idea of "old hens hatching ducklings" for graduate education, that is, teachers and students with the same general direction of research majors but different subdivisions can be paired and taught. He leads young teachers and graduate students to explore cutting-edge topics.
The second occupant of Building 65 is Mr. Tan Jiazhen, an internationally renowned geneticist, academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and one of the founders of modern genetic science in China. In the 1940s, he studied the phenomenon of mosaic dominance of ladybird pigmentation anomalies, and in 1946 published a paper "Mosaic Dominance in the Inheritance of Heterochromatic Ladybird Pigmentation", which caused great repercussions in the international genetic community and were considered to be a major contribution to the development of classical genetics. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Tan Jiazhen established China's first genetics major, created the first genetics research institute, and established the first college of life sciences at Fudan University.
Talk about the restoration of Mr. Jiazhen's office that year.
Mr. Su Buqing, a famous mathematician, stayed in Professor Villa 61 and lived here for nearly half a century until his death.
Mr. Su likes to plant flowers and grass, self-proclaimed "old farmer under Woniu Mountain", after moving into No. 61, he planted a variety of flowers and grasses in the courtyard, and also planted a wall grass in the corner of the wall, which has been vined all over the house for decades, lush and lush, known as "Luo House". Mr. Su has several poems written about Rakuya. The first four sentences are from one of the poems, "Rose House July".
On the wall of Su Buqing's office, the restored su buqing's handwriting is still there: "Now the heart of serving the country is still there, and the glory of reform shines on the whitehead."
Looking out from the window, on the large lawn between him and Mr. Chen Jiangong's former residence, Su Buqing personally reclaimed a small vegetable garden and planted pumpkins, winter melons and lentils. One year, when there was a big harvest, he held an extraordinarily large winter melon and "showed off" with a friend student, "This big winter melon, 28 pounds!" ”
"The township battle is not what it wants, and it has taken my life?" Watch the flowers whiskers go horseback, go to the sea for whaling"
At the inauguration ceremony of jiuyuan former residence, a white-haired old man over seventy years old stopped to watch, Hua Xuanji, professor of the Department of Mathematics of Fudan University, and Mr. Su Buqing's student. At that time, mr. Su's home was a familiar place when he was young. From 1972 to 1975, he came to Jiuyuan almost every day, greeted Mr. at the door at about 5:30 in the morning, picked him up and "went to work", and at about 5 p.m., he came back from work with him and bid him farewell outside the garden gate. The place where the two "go to work" every day is not Fudan University, but the Jiangnan Shipyard that needs to cross Shanghai.
A photograph in the exhibition hall of the old residence pulls him back to the years when he worked with his husband. The two photos are su Buqing's group photo with students and workers while working at the Jiangnan Shipyard. He combined theory and practice, solved the hull lofting problem with mathematical theoretical knowledge, helped workers avoid arduous outdoor operations under the hot sun, and solved the shipbuilding problem for the country. This scientific research achievement won the Major Scientific and Technological Achievement Award at the 1978 National Science Congress.
Mr. Su Buqing kept Chairman Mao in mind what he said, "We welcome mathematics, and socialism needs mathematics." Mathematics must have an application, and applied mathematics must face the national economy and create value. This is an important mathematical value of his.
The original course schedule of Professors Su Buqing, Chen Jiangong and others is written.
"At that time, although the conditions were very difficult, Mr. Su still felt the importance and urgency of science and technology for production, the importance of combining theory and practice, and from October onwards, we went to work like workers." He said. As a result, Jiangnan Shipyard has a 71-year-old Professor Su, the mathematical lofting team bought them a 6 yuan bus monthly pass, and Mr. Su also lived a life of squeezing cars to work.
"I remember one rainy day, I arrived at Mr. Su's house at 5:15 a.m. It was at this door that he had gotten up and was ready to go out, and Master Su helped him find the high-pitched shoes and the long-handled black cloth umbrella and send him down from the second floor. Hua Xuanji pointed to the door of the 61 small building and said.
They walked along Guoshun Road to the then Guoqing Road (now Guoda Road) station, took tram No. 3 to Hongkou Park, and then turned to No. 18 trolleybus to the main entrance of Jiangnan Shipyard. Eat a little steamed porridge in the canteen outside the factory outside the door, and walk along a road parallel to the river for 15 minutes until you reach the office of the mathematical lofting team. The road is lined with steel plates and steel bars, lined with many cranes, and always be careful of its cantilever hook lifts to rotate. There is also a lot of steel garbage and undeveloped railroad tracks on the road, coupled with the coming and going of trucks and bicycles, which is also difficult for the elderly in their 70s. Every day from the northeast corner of the city to the southwest corner, when you go, because it is the starting point, there are always seats, and there are no seats when you return. Despite this, in the past three years of cold and summer, Mr. Su has hardly taken a break except to arrange school work. He once described his state of mind in a poem, "Seventy-two years old, hanging up ocean city." The township battle is not what you want, and you live in my life? Watch the flowers and whiskers go to the sea for whaling (referring to going to The Gangnam Shipyard). Looking east at the sun, the air boasts that the waist and feet are light. ”
"At that time, the worker master respected Mr. Su very much, specially arranged a place for him to take a lunch break, even if the project ended, after more than 20 years, Mr. Su was admitted to the hospital due to illness, and several skilled worker masters who cooperated at that time heard about it, and looked for me to lead him to visit him," Hua Xuanji always remembered that during those years, every time He sent Su Buqing back to Jiuyuan, he watched Mr. Tired for a day walk in, wearing a light blue Zhongshan suit, holding a black plastic file bag, with a straight back, walking very fast, and disappearing at the corner of the straight road in a moment.
This complex function test paper from the mathematical master 65 years ago, did you do it?
This 1956 Hand-written paper on complex functions by Chen Jiangong, let's challenge it.
It is understood that Jiuyuan is now open to the public and can be visited by appointment. Since both buildings are among the fifth batch of outstanding historical buildings in Shanghai, the renovation must restore the original appearance of the building as much as possible. According to historical data and field surveys, the overall design of the two buildings is simple and eclectic. The arched porch is a combination of Chinese and Western styles, the handrail of the stair railing has Chinese decorative elements, and the asymmetrical double-slope "human" glyph roof is unique and has high artistic value. After restoration, these features have been restored. To this end, the Shanghai Municipal Center for the Protection of Historic Buildings organized two rounds of evaluation by experts, and the repair work was carried out in accordance with the principle of "repairing the old as old".
The two former residences were planned and designed by the school archives for 8 months, and a large number of precious historical materials and exhibits were collected with the support of the School of Mathematical Sciences, the School of Life Sciences, the families of the masters, students, and relevant cooperative units. Most of the exhibits are on display for the first time.
Mr. Su's descendants have donated 47 pieces of Su Lao's manuscripts, academician nameplates, etc., as well as 5 pieces of Su Bu Qingxing bronze plaque, international naming communiqué, naming certificate and so on. At today's ceremony, the master's family donated a batch of precious physical archives to the school. Su Buqing's descendants donated 237 family letters written by Su Lao to his daughter. Tan Jiazhen's descendants donated books, clothes, etc., especially suitcases, which were used by Tan Jiazhen, witnessing the scene of Tan Jiazhen going to the United States many times to raise scientific research funds for the school and mobilizing young scholars to return to China. Chen Jiangong's family donated stationery, books, etc. that Mr. Chen used, and two of the bookcases accompanied Mr. Chen from Fudan to Hangzhou, and now the two bookcases are back in the original small building.
With the theme of "Counting Altars Grandmaster Patriotism and Dedication", the exhibition of Su Buqing's former residence is displayed in seven exhibition halls, mainly including Su Buqing's study story, academic achievements, deeds of educating people, participation in politics and politics, amateur life and other aspects, showing Su Buqing's 102 years of wonderful life from a rural cattle herder to a mathematician, educator and social activist.
With the theme of "Adhering to the Truth and Serving the Country through Science", Tan Jiazhen (Chen Jiangong) Former Residence Exhibition Chen chen is exhibited in the form of theme exhibition Chen as the main line and time as the auxiliary line, showing Tan Jiazhen's academic achievements and disciplinary contributions.
In Mr. Tan Jiazhen's old residence, many people remember this suit and the suit on the photo, and at that time, he was dressed up in this way, carrying this box to travel around and seek talents for the country.
In the office on the second floor of Mr. Chen Jiangong's former residence, a recliner is placed by the window, and it is his habit to rest here when he is tired from work.
Chen Jiangong Exhibition Hall is located on the east side of the second floor of Tan Jiazhen's (Chen Jiangong) former residence, mainly in the form of a graphic version of Chen Jiangong's life and deeds, including a brief biography, academic achievements, educational contributions and patriotism. Physical exhibits include bookcases, vintage electric fans, books, certificates, class schedules, etc. Among them, it also includes a complex function paper containing 4 big questions produced by Mr. Chen 65 years ago, you may wish to take a look, try, and complete the communication with the master through time and space between the numbers.
Column Editor-in-Chief: Xu Ruizhe Text Editor: Peng Deqian
Source: Author: Peng Deqian