When Cao Rui died, he entrusted his youngest son Cao Fang to Sima Yi and Cao Shuang, hoping that they could assist Cao Fang in stabilizing Cao Wei jiangshan. Sima Yi served zhong, held the festival, and was the governor of the Chinese and foreign armies and recorded Shangshushi, and Cao Shuang, the son of Cao Zhen, was appointed as a great general. In this way, the actual military power fell into cao Shuang's hands.
Xiahou Xuan was a descendant of Xiahou Yuan, and was related to Cao Shuang as the son of his aunt. During Cao Shuang's reign, he was appointed as the general of Zhengxi and the military governor of Yong and Liangzhou. This appointment is also meaningful. Later, Sima Yi seized power by launching a coup d'état at Gaopingling, killing Cao Shuang and destroying the three tribes, while Xiahou Xuan, who was far away in Chang'an at this time, had 100,000 heavy troops in his hands, but why did he surrender without a fight? The following is a brief analysis based on relevant information.
Sima Yi was later appointed Taifu (太傅). From these appointments, we can see the Cao family's suspicions about Sima Yi. Sima Yi was stripped of his military powers and appointed as a flashy taifu. Xiahou Xuan was appointed by Cao Shuang as the general of Zhenxi, which was also a move against Sima Yi. Sima Yijiu was in Yongliang, and most of his military capital was cultivated in Yongliang. Letting Xiahou Xuan sit in Yongliang also had this meaning.
But Sima Yi was not an idle man. He couldn't bear it under such unfavorable circumstances. He even actively advised Cao Shuang to prevent Cao Shuang's Battle of LuoGu. However, after Cao Shuang was in power, he gradually lost his caution and began to act recklessly.
Sima Yi retreated behind the scenes, and in order to paralyze Cao Shuang, he pretended to be seriously ill and did not participate in political affairs. To Li Sheng, Cao Shuang's spy who came to test, Sima Yi performed a comedy of deception. Li Sheng, who was blinded by Sima Yi's performance, reported to Cao Shuang after returning home: "Sima Gong's corpse is in a residual breath, and the form and spirit have left, and there is not enough to worry about. Therefore, Cao Shuang was no longer guarding against Sima Yi.
Who knew that by the first half of the first spring of Jiaping, Cao Shuang's brothers had followed Emperor Wei to visit GaopingLing, and Sima Yi had taken the opportunity to launch a coup d'état. He had sima brothers recruit three thousand dead soldiers and take control of jingshi. Empress Yongning deposed the cao shuang brothers from their official positions.
After some struggle, the Cao Shuang brothers compromised with Sima Yi to abandon resistance, surrendered military power, removed them from official positions, and returned to Hou in an attempt to protect themselves. Soon after, Sima Yi reneged on his word and killed all the Cao Shuang brothers and their henchmen on the charge that the Cao Shuang brothers intended to rebel, and destroyed the three tribes.
At the time of this coup, Xiahou Xuan, as a general of Zhenxi, held the military power of Yongliang, but did nothing. Later, Xiahou Xuan was recalled to the imperial court, and Sima Shi replaced him. From then on, Guan Long's army fell into the hands of the Sima family. Xiahou Ba, who remained, saw that the situation was not good and defected to Shu Han. Xiahou Xuan was also killed by Sima Yi shortly afterwards. The reason why Xiahou Xuan did not move should have the following reasons:
First, the Cao family did not fundamentally understand the consequences of this coup.
We can see that the entire government and the public at that time did not attach importance to this coup d'état, and everyone believed that this was just a struggle for power and profit within the Cao Wei system, a reshuffle of power, and did not endanger the foundation of Cao Wei's society.
After Cao Shuang held great power, he acted perversely, causing dissatisfaction from all sides. And he himself did not know it, many people advised him, he did not listen. Although he was suspicious of Sima Yi and took measures to limit Sima Yi's power, he knew nothing about Sima Yi's actions.
When Sima Yi retreated to advance, it was time for him to retreat and retreat, but he was blinded by his performance and lost his vigilance. When he went to visit Gao Pingling, he did not leave the main staff in the Capital Division, and was exploited by Sima Yi. Finally, there are illusions that this is just a power struggle, that giving up power can save one's life and automatically concede defeat.
Even Cao Shuang thinks so, and others are even more so. Due to Cao Shuang's perverse behavior and loss of people's hearts, others will look at it coldly and not interfere. Xiahou Xuan thought the same thing, he had no idea of fighting each other at all.
Second, the entire coup was short, and Xiahou Xuan had no time to react at all.
Due to Cao Shuang's weakness, the Gaopingling Incident was resolved quickly. At that time, the history books recorded:
The Great Si Nong Pei Guo Huan Fan heard the soldiers, should not be summoned by the empress, corrected the opening of the Pyeongchang Gate, drew the sword, slightly waited for the door, and ran south. King Xuan knew, "Fan Shu Ce, Shuang must not use Fan Ji." Fan said that Shuang made the car drive fortunately Xuchang and recruited foreign soldiers.
Sure enough, the Cao Shuang brothers did not listen to Huan Fan's plan, but were moved by the lobbyists sent by Sima Yi and voluntarily gave up resistance. If the Cao Shuang brothers had followed Huan Fan's advice, even if they had not been able to immediately suppress Sima Yi's coup, Xiahou Xuan could have mobilized soldiers and horses to attack Sima Yi in the name of King Qin.
However, Cao Shuang quickly conceded defeat, making Sima Yi a victor. Moreover, in the name of Sima Yi supporting Cao Wei's righteousness, Xiahou Xuan had neither time nor the name of raising an army, so he could only stand by and watch.
3. Subordinates do not obey.
We can see from history that the Guanlong army has always been the capital of Sima Yi's family. At the beginning of the confrontation against Zhuge Liang, Sima Yi carefully managed this army. He trained many of his close associates in this unit.
Although Xiahou Xuan nominally commanded this army, he did not have the ability to command this army. The history books record:
(Xiahou) Xuan Dynasty (Jiang) Ji, so it is impossible to stop personnel. and King Jing's daimyō Xuan, rectifying the decrees, and no one should violate them.
We can see that this army only obeys the command of the Sima family in its heart, and neither Jiang Ji nor Xiahou Xuan can let this army return to its heart. Only under the command of Sima Shi could this army obey orders.
If Xiahou Xuan really raised an army, we can imagine the situation at that time. Cao Shuang's brothers were charged with the crime, and his men obeyed the command of the Sima family, and if he started an army, it was likely that he would help Cao Shuang and send a fresh force to Sima Yi.
From this point of view, he could not raise an army. Even Xiahou Ba, because Cao Shuang's brothers were killed, was at odds with Guo Huai, and in the end he could only flee to Shu Han alone, and even a single soldier could not be taken away. Therefore, due to the above reasons, during the coup d'état in Gaopingling, although Xiahou Xuan had heavy troops in his hands, he could only whip long and helpless.
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