Talking about the name of Shanghai's ZhaiMingtang, we cannot but talk about the "Qianyan Hall" of Qian Daxin, a famous scholar of the Qing Dynasty and a generation of Confucian Emperor Qian Daxin in Jiading City.
Qian Daxin (1728-1804), zi xiaozheng, xin lintel, and zhi, no. zhu ting. A native of Jiading, Jiangsu (present-day Jiading, Shanghai). When he was young, he was intelligent and sensitive, liked to read, and his dictionary was the crown of the "Seven Sons of Wuzhong", but he tried repeatedly. In the seventeenth year of Qianlong (1751), Qianlong toured Jiangnan, and Jiangnan talents entered the table to give their speeches. Qian Daxin's dedication was highly favored, and he was listed as a first-class person, summoned to the Jiangning Palace for an interview, and was designated as a first-class three, specially given to raise people, and awarded the cabinet secretary. Later, he was admitted as a jinshi, and successively served as an editor of Hanlin Academy, a bachelor of lectures, the chief examiner of the Shandong, Zhejiang, and Hunan township examinations, and a Guangdong scholar. Following the worship of the Zhan Shifu Shao Zhan Shi, he entered the study and conferred the Book of the Twelve Sons of the Emperor. Participated in the compilation of the "Rehe Zhi", and was called "Southern Qianbei Ji" with Ji Yun. In his later years, he returned to the countryside and immersed himself in the history of the classics, and once taught about Zhong Shan, Lou Dong, Ziyang and other colleges. He is the author of "Twenty-Two Shi Kao Yi", "QianyanTang Anthology", and "Yuanshi Clan Table".
"QianyanTang" is located near The Bao'er Bridge in the center of Jiading County. The "Chronicle of Jiading County" has "On the south side of the Bao'er Bridge, is Qian Daxin's residence, with a plaque inscribed by Cao Xiu. On the left side of the Qianyan Hall there is the 'Four Cocoon Hall' and the inscription of Weng Fanggang. "Dive Research Hall" takes the meaning of delving into and carefully examining. This is Qian Daxin's lifelong experience in studying.
In the forty years of Qianlong, Qian Daxin was worried, resigned his official post and returned to his hometown, determined to return to the countryside and study the history of the scriptures. In the nearly 30 years of his second half of his life, he has been immersed in research, and often traveled with Jiangnan scholars to improve his knowledge. His study takes "seeking truth from facts" as its purpose, and advocates seeking righteousness from exhortation. He said: "Learning is a matter of a thousand years, and it has been set and ruled, not to destroy the predecessors, but to benefit the future to learn... Go to one of them, become one hundred, the ancients can do, when there are friends who are happy, and there are servants who are not happy. ”
He read a lot of books, did not specialize in one sutra, but did not understand the scriptures; did not specialize in one art, but did not practice any art. With regard to the history and literature, literature and art, phonological precepts, historical canons, official positions, clans, geography, jinshi, Liaojin Chinese, as well as the methods of Chinese and Western calendar calculations, we must devote ourselves to studying, analyzing their right and wrong, promoting their essence, and discarding their dross. For example, in terms of phonology, he has mastered the rhymes of ancient and modern times, the exhortations of the correct text, and the identification of ear and tongue homophony and hypothetical borrowing, which is very creative and has won praise from the academic community.
In addition to his studies, he was also enthusiastic about lecturing activities, and his footprints were all over several famous academies in Jiangnan, so the peach and plum were all over the world, and the history said: "The disciples and corporals have accumulated two cadres and more people, and they are innumerable for the Cabinet, the attendants, and the famous practitioners." Qian Daxin not only "immersed himself in studying", but also was good at learning from one another and understanding the way of governance from daily life. Once, he watched Go at a friend's house. A guest repeatedly lost chess, he ridiculed the guest for playing stinky chess, always wanting to change the chess pieces for him. After a while, the guests asked to play chess with Qian Daxin. He readily agreed, but just a few shots, the guests had already taken the lead; the chess game was almost in the middle of the game, and Qian Daxin was already depressed. The final game counts the two sides of the pieces, and the guest wins thirteen sons. Later, he watched the chess game again, and finally became a "true gentleman who watches chess without saying a word".
After he retired to the "Subliminal Research Hall", he summed up his life and expressed his feelings, believing that people who are studying now read the books of the ancients and often criticize the mistakes of the ancients; they also like to talk about the mistakes of others when they get along with their contemporaries. No one is perfect, if you exchange positions with each other to get along, calmly evaluate it, you can recognize the mistakes of others, and you can also see your own mistakes! Qian Daxin's research achievements in the Qianyan Hall were fruitful, and the ones named after the "QianyanTang" alone included the "Qianyantang Anthology" and the "Qianyantang Jinshi Wenbao Scroll" and so on.
The "Qianyantang" was originally moved to the Shanghai Youth Camping Base in Liuhe, and has now been moved back to Jiading City. "Qianyan Hall", also known as Qian Daxin's former residence, is located in Jiading Chengzhou Bridge Old Street, where the Lianqi River flows through the house. "Qianyan Hall" is a three-courtyard-style twisted house, the gate has a high instrument door head, and the "Qianyan Hall" on the front of the door is impressively visible. The former residence retains the original three-entry courtyard pattern, one is the guest hall, a plaque of "poetry heirloom" hangs high, according to the staff, the interior paintings and carved beams are all old objects of the original "Subliminal Research Hall". After the completion of the building, it is now a Qian Daxin Theme Museum, which is open to the public free of charge.
Qian Daxin also has a name of "Ten Driving Fasts". Xun Zi's "Persuasion" is exemplified: "Qi Ji cannot take ten steps when he jumps; he cannot take ten steps; he can ride ten horses and give up his merits." "The horse drives in the morning and unloads at night, which is fixed as one ride for one day, and "ten rides" means that the horse drives for ten days. "Ten horses", the sick and weak horse, not afraid of long distances, its meaning is metaphorical perseverance. Qian Daxin took the name of "Ten Driving", which is both self-effacing and self-encouragement, intended to encourage himself to study and learn, and to persevere and persevere. He has a history of this article titled "Ten Driving Fasting New Records".
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