The Paper's reporter Chen Ruoxi
Qian Daxin (1728-1804) was a scholar of the Qing Dynasty who was known as the "Confucian Emperor of the First Generation". As a well-known scholar of the Qing Dynasty and a sage of Jiading Township, the "Generation of Confucians - Qian Daxin Memorial Exhibition" opened this morning (November 28) at the Jiading Museum. The exhibition is also the original annual exhibition of Jiading Museum, exhibiting 110 treasures related to Qian Daxin's life, including codexes, calligraphy and paintings, inscriptions, ancient books, etc. In addition to the important collections of Jiading Museum, the exhibition also brings together important collections of Shanghai Library and some old collections of Guoyunlou.
According to the curator of the exhibition at the Jiading Museum, in addition to being an academic exhibition about Qian Daxin, the exhibition is also a rare calligraphy exhibition, and the rare calligraphy of Qing Dynasty scholars and the inkblots of important figures of the Qianjia School are presented in this exhibition.
Exhibition site
Jiading is a famous historical and cultural city in Jiangnan, with a long history of 800 years of civilization, profound heritage and rich literary style. Qian Daxin (1728-1804) was born into a cultural family in Jiading Wangxianqiao. In his early years, he was famous for his poetry in Jiangnan, and after entering the army and the first, he successively served as the editor of the Hanlin Academy, the chief examiner of the Shandong, Hunan, and Shuntianxiang examinations, and the official to the Zhan Shifu Shao Zhan Shi and guangdong Xuezheng. After his appointment, he successively served as the president of Nanjing Zhongshan Academy, Taicang Loudong Academy, and Suzhou Ziyang Academy, and ran xingtan for nearly 30 years, with more than 2,000 protégés, many of whom have made important contributions to Chinese scholarship and culture.
Portrait of Qian Daxin
Qian Daxin was a first-class scholar of the Qing Dynasty, and he was proficient in all the studies at that time, such as classics, history, literature, astronomy, geography, almanac, phonology, exegesis, and jinshi. As the main representative figure of Qianjia historiography, Qian Daxin's academic achievements and spirit of governance also had a great influence on future generations of scholars.
Scholars at that time called him a generation of Confucians, and said that he was "as good as gold and jade, as learning as the yuanhai, as the instrument of the country, and as a model for scholars."
Qing Dynasty "Qian Da Xin Li Shu Seven Words Lian" Jiading Museum collection
Through the investigation of Qian Daxin's inkblots and related documents of collecting institutions at home and abroad, the exhibition is divided into 6 units around Qian Daxin's life deeds, academic works, and academic spirit, including "Legacy of Liufeng: The Origin of Jiading's Literary Lineage", "Wu Zhongcaizi: Qian Daxin's Life", "Both Refined and Broad: Qian Daxin's Academic Achievements", "Simple and Simple Mao: Qian Daxin's Calligraphy and Painting Works", "Qian Jia Fashion: Qian Daxin's Academic Travels", and "Passing on the Torch: Qian's Family Inheritance".
Qian Daxin's related cultural relics were all presented
According to Lin Jieyu, the exhibition curator of the Jiading Museum, the exhibition strives to present Qian Daxin's related cultural relics to the greatest extent. The cultural relics directly related to Qian Daxin collected by the Jiading Museum are mainly divided into three parts: First, Qian Daxin's works. There are a full set of Guangxu Decade (1884) Changsha Long family school engraving "Jiading Qian's Qianyantang Complete Book" and Jiaqing year's engraving of "Qianyantang Quanshu" and "Twenty-two Shi Kaoyi" and other ancient rare books. The second is the inscription. There are 53 years (1788) Qian Daxin lishu "Zi Tong Yin Qiwen" and The Third Year of Jiaqing (1798) Qian Daxin wrote and wrote Dan's "Records of the Funds of the Danhu Academy" and qing Qian Daxin's introduction and inscription "Huang Zhongjie Linyan Book" hand-scrolled carved stone. The third is calligraphy and painting works. Qian Daxin's "Seven Words of Lishu Lian", "Lishu Axis", "Xingshu Axis", "Bamboo Stone Lingzhi Diagram", and the landscape axis of Wang Jingming, the Jiading Zhuangyuan Wang Jingming, who he and Wang Mingsheng and other inscriptions. In addition, Qian Daxin has used the printing clay tank, Qian Daxin's bamboo carved arm rest, etc.
Qing "Wang Jingming Landscape Axis" Qian Daxin, Wang Mingsheng, Yu Shao Song Inscription Jiading Museum Collection
Qing Qian Daxin once used a clay cylinder in the Jiading Museum collection
In order to prepare for this exhibition, they also conducted a "big survey" of Qian Daxin's cultural relics of domestic public collection institutions, and there are at least 150 pieces of Qian Daxin inkblots collected by state-owned museums, libraries and archives in China. For example, the Forbidden City's Qian Daxin Shuzha, inscriptions, etc., the total number should be seventy or eighty, the largest in China. The Shanghai Museum, Nanjing Museum, Zhejiang Provincial Museum, Tianjin Municipal Museum, Liaoning Provincial Museum, Shanxi Museum, Suzhou Museum, etc. all have a number of Qian Daxin calligraphy works, most of which have not yet been exhibited or published. The Shanghai Library has a number of Qian Daxin Codex, and the Peking University Library has a collection of Qian Daxindian examination papers.
In addition to displaying the important collections of jiading museum, the exhibition also brings together the important collections of Shanghai Library, Zhonghua Bookstore, Beijing Guanxuezhai, Shanghai Yiyun Art Museum, and Mingzhitang Chinese Character Brick Exhibition Hall.
The old collection of The Cloud Building was unveiled, showing the important inkblots of Qianjia scholars
"This is not only an academic exhibition, but also a rare calligraphy exhibition, such as Ji Yun, Ruan Yuan, Yi Bingshou, Huang Yi, Weng Fanggang, Chen Hongshou and other rare calligraphy of Qing Dynasty scholars, and the inkblots of important figures of the Qianjia School are all presented in this exhibition." Curator Lin Jieyu told the surging news reporter.
Qing "Ji Yun Shuzha" Over the Old Collection of Yunlou Guan Xue Zhai Collection
Qian Daxin was not only first-rate in learning, but also had a broad temperament; at that time, bureaucrats and celebrities su Ru Duoxi interacted with Qian Daxin, and his extensive academic circle included Ji Yun, Wang Mingsheng, Wang Chang, Dai Zhen, Zhao Yi, Weng Fanggang, Cao Renhu, Zhu Yun, Bi Yuan, Ruan Yuan, Yao Nai, Li Wenzao, Sun Xingyan, Huang Yi, and Wu Yi. The exhibition presents a large number of letters exchanged between Qian Daxin and his teachers and peers, as well as the letters of scholars with whom Qian Daxin's contemporaries had close contacts, which can be called a valuable "gathering" of Qianjia scholars' calligraphy in the history of Qing Dynasty calligraphy.
The related codex exhibits in this section include the "Qing Dynasty Scholars' Books" from the Jiading Museum, such as "Qing Wang Mingshao To Qian Da Xin Zha", "Qing Cao Xue Min to Qian Da Xin Shu Zha", "Qing Lu Wen Bi to Qian Da Xin Shu Zha" and so on.
Qing "Qian Daxin to Biyuan Shuzha" Shanghai Library Collection
Qing "Qian Daxin to Wang Chang Shuzha" Shanghai Library Collection
The Shanghai Library has a collection of "Qingqian Daxin to Biyuan Shuzha", "Qingqian Daxin to Book Ship Shuzha", "Qingqian Daxin to Wang Chang Shuzha", "Qingqian Daxin to Feng Jiwu Shuzha" and so on.
Qing "Wang Mingshao to Cao Renhu Poetry" Jiading Museum collection
Qing "Wang Erda to Cao Renhu Poetry" Jiading Museum collection
Qing "TanTai to Qian Daxin Shuzha" Jiading Museum collection
The exhibition also presents more than 50 Qing Dynasty celebrity codexes from the Beijing Guanxue Zhai Collection, some of which are the old collections of Guoyunlou. For example, the Qing Dynasty "Qiangong Zhan Ti Book" eighteen books, an inscription. (Wang Yirong inscription, Jiang Ruzao's son Jiang Zuyi Old Collection), "Mr. Qian Daxin's Hand-held Fifteen Links" (also known as the Family Book), the Qing "Chen Hongshou to Wu Wenzheng Shuzha" (Wu Sheng'an Old Collection, Yao Yuqin Inscription), the Qing "Weng Fanggang to Ding Zhaolong Shuzha", the Qing "Yi Bingshou to The Yellow Sea Shuzha", of which the Qing "Qian Weiqiao to Qian Daxin Shuzha", the Qing "ZhuJun Shuzha", the Qing "Wang Changzhi Wang Mingsheng Shuzha", the Qing "JiYun Shuzha", the Qing "Yuan Mingzhi Wang Daqi Shuzha" and so on are all old collections of Guoyunlou.
Qing "Shen Deqian to Shen Tingfang Shuzha" Over the Old Collection of Yunlou Guan Xue Zhai Collection
Qing Dynasty "Yuan Ming Zhi Wang Da Yu ShuZha" Guo Yun Lou Old Collection Guan Xue Zhai Collection
"Mr. Qian Daxin's Hand Jane" fifteen links, Qing "Qian Gong Zhan The book eighteen links" as the focus and highlight of the exhibition, in order to let the viewer see the whole picture of more than ten correspondence, the exhibition Chen in the form of a copy of the folding part of the book all made a display.
"Mr. Qian Daxin's Hand Jane" fifteen views of Xuezhai Zang
"Mr. Qian Daxin's Hand Jane Fifteen Links", also known as the family book, is the old collection of Qian Daxin's son Qian Dongbi, which was also handed over by Yin Yanwu during the Republic of China period. Yin Yanwu knew that Chen Yuan had great respect for Qian Daxin, and the two of them discussed this book repeatedly, and then Yin Yanwu gave it to Chen Yuan for a happy birthday. Chen Yuan once wrote an article examining the time and content of each correspondence. The "Family Book" records Qian Daxin's letters to his family spanning 30 years from the age of 47 to the year before his death at the age of 76, covering his professional life, dating, health and wellness, etc., which are important documents for the study of Qian Daxin and his calligraphy and inkblots.
According to Mr. Li Jingguo, the owner of Guan Xuezhai , the "Family Book" was still recommended by Mr. Qi Gong to buy it. Chen Yuan was a famous historian who liked to collect inkblots of the Qing Dynasty Qianjia Scholar's Codex, and later donated everything to the state, leaving this set. He has the grace of Mr. Qigong, Mr. Qigong saw that there were Old Treasures on the market, very concerned, let me definitely leave this thing behind, this is also my earliest contact with Qian Daxin's handwriting. ”
The EighteenTh Circuit of the Qing Dynasty's Qiangong Zhan Ti Book was written by Qian Daxin to Li Wenzao, a student when he was an examiner in Shandong, and the letter mainly involved academic content.
Qing "Qiangong Zhan The Book eighteen links" Guan Xue Zhaizang
Qing "Qiangong Zhan The book of eighteen links" Guan Xue Zhai Zang
What kind of appearance does Qian Daxin's calligraphy and paintings look like?
The fourth unit of the exhibition, "Chun Gu Pu Mao: Qian Daxin's Calligraphy and Painting Works", specially presents Qian Daxin's calligraphy and painting works, Qian Daxin's "Lishu Seven Words Lian", "Lishu Axis", "Xingshu Axis", "Bamboo Stone Lingzhi Diagram", and the landscape axis of Wang Jingming, the Jiading Zhuangyuan Wang Jingming, who he and Wang Mingsheng and other inscriptions.
Qing Qian Da Xin Xing Book Scroll Jiading Museum Collection
Qingqian Daxin LiShu Scrolls Jiading Museum Collection
According to the curator, there are only a few surviving paintings of Qian Daxin, so the appearance of the paintings is unclear, but according to the information seen, some scholars must also mention Qian Daxin when they mention the Calligraphy of the Qing Dynasty and the Qianjia Scholars in their monographs. Therefore, he is also a very important figure in the history of art and calligraphy, but no one has specifically studied and sorted out his contributions in this regard.
Including the aforementioned "Mr. Qian Daxin's Hand Jane Fifteen Links" ("Family Book"),which spans 30 years and is representative of the changes in his ink style.
Qing "Yi Bingshou to the Yellow Sea Book" Guan Xue Zhai Zang
Qing "Jin Qi Painting Qiantuo Portrait Axis" Yi Bingshou and Zhang Wentao Inscription Jiading Museum Collection
The exhibition also presents three cultural relics related to Yi Bingshou, namely the "Qian Daxin Epitaph" rubbing, "Qian Daxin Epitaph" written by Qing Wang Chang, Yi Bingshou Shudan, Qian Kun Seal Cover, now in the Jiading Museum, this time exhibited "Qian Daxin Epitaph" rubbing; Guan Xuezhai Tibetan Qing "Yi Bingshou to the Yellow Sea Book" and Jiading Museum collection "Qing Jin Qi Painting QianTuo Portrait Axis", this painting Jin Qi wrote a portrait of Qian Tu (Qian Daxin's nephew). Later, Zhang Wentao and Yi Bingshou inscribed poems respectively.
"Qian Daxin's Epitaph" rubbing
Zhu Yunxian, deputy director of the Jiading Museum, told the surging news reporter that in Jiading, which is famous for the wind of "indoctrination", Qian Daxin also had a far-reaching influence on Jiading's education. Although he also took the examination and was deeply valued by the emperor, he was not particularly greedy for his career, and he cared more about teaching and educating people. As a representative figure of the Qianjia School, he led the Xingtan temple for nearly 30 years after Zhi Shihou, and led more people to do historical research. ”
Jiading's academic research on Qian Daxin has never stopped. As early as October 1989, the Chinese Historical Documents Research Association held an academic seminar in Jiading, Qian Daxin's hometown, to discuss Qian Daxin's academic achievements. In recent years, books such as "The Complete Works of Qian Daxin in Jiading", "Research on Qian Daxin", "Research on Jiading Culture", and "Cluster of Ancient Works in Jiading" have been published one after another.
On the day of the opening ceremony, the "Long Compilation of Qian Daxin's Chronology" compiled by Mr. Li Jingguo was released at the same time. The "Qian Daxin Academic Seminar" was held at the Jiading Museum, and experts in literature and history and relevant collectors such as the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Zhejiang University, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai Library, Zhonghua Bookstore and other literary and historical experts gathered in Jiading to discuss topics such as "Qian Daxin and Jiangnan Culture".
In order to cooperate with this annual original exhibition, Jiading Museum also set up a series of lectures such as "Experts Take You to See the Exhibition" around the theme of Qian Daxin Memorial Exhibition, and developed themed cultural and creative publicity materials to open a window for the public to understand more about a generation of Confucian Qian Daxin and traditional Chinese culture.
The exhibition will run until 28 February 2021.
Editor-in-charge: Qian Xue'er
Proofreader: Zhang Liangliang