Lung tumors, we have all heard of, but what is a "parasitic tumor"? Recently, a 58-year-old female patient underwent thoracoscopic surgery in our thoracic surgery department for infection with pulmonary echinococcosis, which is a "parasitic tumor"
The lumps in the lungs turned out to be infectious diseases
Aunt Li (pseudonym), 58, is from Shandong and is also very tough and rarely sick. Some time ago, she always felt dizzy, and occasionally had a mild cough and chest tightness, and did not get better after resting. After this discomfort persisted for a while, Ms. Li's symptoms gradually worsened.
She went to the local hospital to check and found a lump in her lungs. Since the local hospital recommended open surgery, Aunt Li was a little frightened. After learning that our thoracic surgery department could remove lung tumors with thoracoscopy, in order to clarify the condition, she came to our hospital for further examination. After admission, the enhanced CT examination found that the mass is about 5-6 cm in size, the envelope is very thin, the complete envelope has both liquid and gas, from the characteristic point of view, it can basically be ruled out that it is a malignant tumor, first consider a certain infectious disease, the earlier the lump is removed, the better, otherwise with the growth of the mass, it is extremely detrimental to the health of the patient.
Early the next morning, our thoracic surgery team performed a single-hole thoracoscopic procedure. Because of the inflammatory response brought about by the long-term lump, the adhesion in the chest cavity is more serious, affecting the normal anatomical relationship, the lump is also close to the vascular nerve, the operation requires extreme caution, about an hour, the lump is smoothly removed. We used a syringe to poke open a little bit of suction on the lump envelope and found that it was composed of a cloudy yellow liquid and a milky white milk slag-like object. After the lump was sent for pathological examination, it was finally determined that the lump was the internal capsule of the echinococcus, that is, Aunt Li had echinococcosis of the lungs. This form of pulmonary hydatid disease is almost non-occurrent in coastal areas, and repeatedly asking for medical history, Aunt Li recalls that she had lived in the pastoral area for a long time in her childhood.
Echinococcosis is more common in pastoral areas
What is pulmonary hydatidiformosis? "Echinococcosis is a zoonotic disease caused by the parasitism of the larvae of Echinococcus taenus in humans or animals, and after dogs eat the organs of cattle and sheep with echinococcosis, echinococcus will develop into adult worms in their intestines, and adult worms lay eggs and discharge contaminated grassland, water sources or vegetables with dog feces, which can cause infections in people and cattle and sheep." Because the parasite will flow to various organs throughout the body with the blood of the whole body, the echinococcosis that patients may get may be echinococcosis of the lungs, or it may be hepatic echinococcosis, brain hydatids, bone hydatids, etc.
As for the question of "why do people get echinococcosis", relevant information shows that echinococcosis mostly occurs in pastoral areas, such as Xinjiang, Qinghai, Gansu, Ningxia, Tibet, Inner Mongolia and other places, and there are few related cases in the inland, which is also the first time in my 22 years of medical practice that I have clinically encountered such patients.
According to the information, there are a large number of intermediate hosts of fine-grained echinococcus in the pastoral area, and dogs and other canines become the final host of Echinococcus fine-grained echinacea by nibbling on the internal organs or feces of such animals, developing and maturing in their bodies, and laying eggs with the dog feces. When a person mistakenly eats food infected by the worm egg, it is possible to become an intermediate host for the fine-grained echinococcal tapeworm, at which point the person becomes ill. In line with this, Aunt Li did have the experience of traveling and living in Qinghai, Gansu, Ningxia and other places in the first two years.
Echinococcosis is very harmful and is called "parasitic tumor"
Aunt Li, who had surgery to remove the lump, was quite scared after learning that she was a hydatidiformis of the lungs, and she asked us, "What happens to the lungs infected with hydatidiformosis?" "When the eggs enter the lung tissue, they gradually develop into cysts, often within half a year of infection, the cysts can grow to 1 to 2 centimeters, with an average annual growth of 1 to 2 times, and the largest echinococcal cysts can exceed 20 centimeters." Cysts increase and compress the lungs, causing narrowing of the bronchi, and can also cause inflammation, lung atrophy, lung infection, etc. Once the echinococcus rupture, the consequences are very serious, its sac fluid and the sac wall part will cough out, part of it enters the chest cavity, it will cause liquid pneumothorax, chest infection, sac fluid into the bronchi will cause bronchospasm, patients can not breathe, some patients will also cause anaphylactic shock because of the cystic fluid, and the loss of consciousness will be life-threatening if it is not rescued in time, so it will develop into a 'parasitic tumor'. ”
Of course, the incidence of echinococcosis is still relatively low, and dogs that have been exposed to pastoral areas may not necessarily have echinococcosis. Hou Yulong analyzed whether the infection was related to the physical fitness and immunity of individuals. It should be noted that the population with dogs as companions, because the dog has a wide range of activities, poor hygiene, and people cannot detect it after dog infection, and long-term close contact with dogs is inevitable to contact the dog's feces, so this part of the population is very susceptible to infection.
To prevent echinococcosis, you need to pay attention to these
In the prevention of pulmonary echinococcosis, for people who cannot avoid living and working in pastoral areas, washing hands before meals is an effective way to avoid the entrance of insect eggs contaminated on the hands, try to avoid close contact with animals such as sheep, horses, cattle and dogs in pastoral areas, if there is contact, thorough disinfection is required after contact to prevent infection. At the same time, avoid eating raw water, raw meat, etc., drinking water, food, meat and other foods should be strictly disinfected and cooked, because raw food is easily contaminated by insect eggs and eaten by people. If it is a city dog-loving group, it is also necessary to strengthen hygiene, including the health of the dog itself and the hygiene of the family environment, regular physical examination of the dog, for families with children is not recommended to raise a dog prematurely, because the child's resistance is poor, the concept of hygiene is not strong, and it is easier to infect. Dogs should pay attention to the timely handling of dog feces, and do not let dogs defecate everywhere in the living area.