"Yan Zi Zhi Chu" is an essay written by an anon. This article tells the story of the late Spring and Autumn Period, when Yan Zi, the grand master of the State of Qi, sent an envoy to the State of Chu, and the King of Chu insulted Yan Zi three times to show the prestige of the State of Chu, and Yan Zi skillfully fought back and maintained the dignity of himself and the State of Qi. The story praises Yanzi's resourcefulness, bravery, rhetoric, flexibility and eloquence, and the spirit of struggle that is not afraid of big countries and violence. It satirizes arrogant, arrogant, and self-made intelligent people. The language of the whole text is concise and clear, the layers are clear, and the characters are portrayed in three points. And the narrative is objective, the plot is tight and full of twists and turns, the author will tell the tension and excitement of the confrontation between the two countries, and convey this atmosphere to the reader through language description, so that the reader has a sense of personal experience, but also can appreciate the style of Yanzi.
Of course, for the historical YanZi (Yan Baby), it is indeed very clever. Baby Yan (?) –500 BC), surname Ji (一說子姓), Yan (晏氏), ZiZhong (字仲), 谥 "平", historically known as "Yanzi", a native of Yiwei (present-day Gaomi, Shandong Province), was a famous Qing dafu of the State of Qi during the Spring and Autumn Period. In the late Spring and Autumn Period, Yan Infant successively served as the Duke of Qiling, the Duke of Zhuang, and the Duke of Jing, and assisted the government for more than 50 years. Moreover, for the visionary Yan Baby, he also successfully predicted the historical event of Tian Shi Daiqi.
One
Specifically, Yan Bao was the son of Qi Guoshang's doctor Yan Wei, and his birth year is unknown. In the twenty-sixth year of the Duke of QiLing (556 BC), Yan Wei died, and Yan Bao succeeded him as Shang Dafu. In the 27th year of the Duke of Qi Ling (555 BC), the State of Jin sent a large army to attack the State of Qi. The Qi army was defeated, and Qi Linggong ran into Linzi City. Yan Bao dissuaded Qi Linggong, but Qi Linggong did not listen. The Jin army surrounded Linzi, and the Qi people defended the inner city and did not dare to attack, and the Jin army burned the outer city and left. In the third year of the Duke of QiZhuang (551 BC), Luan Ying, the subordinate secretary of the Jin state, defected to the state of Qi. Previously, the State of Qi had already taken an oath of alliance with the State of Jin and others in the second year of Duke Zhuang (552 BC) to imprison Luan Ying. Therefore, Yan Bao persuaded qi zhuang gong with the words of "untrustworthiness and non-standing", and qi zhuang gong did not accept advice. Afterwards, Yan Bao privately told Chen Wenzi that the monarch had betrayed his faith and could not last long. It is worth noting that Yan Bao's prediction was indeed fulfilled a few years later.
In the sixth year of the Duke of Qizhuang (548 BC), in May, the Duke of Qizhuang was killed by Cui Zhu. In this regard, in the author's opinion, although the Duke of Qi Zhuang did not reuse and trust Yan Bao, as far as Yan Bao was concerned, he still adhered to the morality of the courtier. After Hearing the news that Duke Zhuang of Qi had been killed, Yan Infant resolutely went to Qidu with his entourage to mourn Duke Zhuang regardless of his personal safety. In the sixth year of the Duke of Qizhuang (548 BC), Cui Zhu established Duke Zhuang's half-brother Pestle Usu as a prince, that is, the Duke of Qijing. After Qi Jinggong ascended the throne, he made Cui Zhu the right minister and Qingfeng the left minister. Fearing internal turmoil and instability, the two ministers said, "Those who do not want to make an oath with the two of us will die." "Baby Yan refuses to take the oath of alliance. Qingfeng wanted to kill Yan Bao, and Cui Zhu said, "He is a loyal subject, let him go."
Two
For Yan Bao, who insisted on the bottom line, not only was he not purged in the civil strife in the State of Qi, but he left a reputation as a loyal subject. In the third year of the Duke of Qi Jing (545 BC), Qingfeng's forces were removed from the State of Qi, and the Duke of Jing was given the title of Yan Infant Shaodian and sixty cities along its side, which YanZi did not accept. Although Qingfeng wanted to kill himself at the beginning, after the Qingfeng family was purged, Yan Bao did not fall into the well. And this, obviously, is not only a superb wisdom, but also an important embodiment of noble quality. In the ninth year of the Duke of Qi Jing (539 BC), the Duke of Qi Jing sent Yan Infant to the State of Jin to ask for the marriage of a daughter to be the successor, and Yan Infant privately said to Uncle Xiang of Jin: "The power of the State of Qi will eventually return to the Tian clan. Although the Tian clan has no great merit, it can use public affairs to give private favors, and has kindness to the people and the support of the people. ”
This prophecy for Yan Bao was also verified. In 391 BC, Tian He deposed the Duke of Qi Kang. In 386 BC, King An of Zhou officially appointed Tian He as the Marquis of Qi, and since then the Tian clan has formally acquired the status of Marquis of Qi. In 379 BC, Duke Kang of Qi died, Fengyi entered the Tian clan, and the Jiang surname Lü withdrew from the historical stage of the State of Qi. The history is called Tian Chen Daiqi. From this, it is very obvious that in 539 BC, that is, more than a hundred years ago, more than a hundred years ago, Yan Bao had predicted that the Tian clan would replace the State of Qi, which was naturally a very powerful ability. In other words, Yan Bao's vision is naturally far beyond ordinary people.
Three
In the seventeenth year of the Duke of Qi Jing (531 BC), Yan Zi sent an envoy to the Chu State, and the King of Chu tried to humiliate Yan Zi many times, but they were all resolved by Yan Zi, and the King of Chu felt ashamed, and Hou Li sent Yan Zi back to the State of Qi, which is the source of the story of "Yan Zi Makes Chu". In the late Spring and Autumn Period, the State of Qi declined due to frequent civil strife, and thus far inferior to the State of Chu in terms of overall national strength. In this context, it is undoubtedly a very rare thing that Yan Infant can maintain the dignity of the State of Qi in the State of Chu and even achieve the effect of humiliating the monarch of the State of Chu. In the twentieth year of qi jinggong (528 BC), Tian Kaijiang, Gongsun Jie, and Gu Yezi had served so far as the Buddha, and he was proud of his merits, Yan Zi Ertao killed three soldiers, and used a plan to make the three people commit suicide, after the death of the three, the Jin and Chu kingdoms took advantage of the chaos, so Yan Zi recommended Tian Hoang Tho to Qi Jinggong, saying: "Although Yong Tho is said to be the son of a concubine of the Tian family, his literary ability can make everyone submit and obey; Wu Luo can make the enemy fear." Hopefully the king will try him. ”
Tian Hoang Tho (born and died unknown), also known as Sima Hoang Tho, was a descendant of Tian Wan (陈完) and a branch of the Qitian family in the late Spring and Autumn period. At the recommendation of Yan Bao, Tian Hoang Tho lived up to expectations, and indeed repelled the large armies of the Jin state and other princely states, and defended the territory of the state of Qi. In the thirty-second year of the Duke of Qi Jing (516 BC), Yan Zijin asked the Duke of Qi Jing to reduce his tax burden and servitude. In the same year, Confucius was exiled to the State of Qi, and Yan Bao persuaded Qi Jinggong not to give Confucius a fief. Therefore, Confucius failed to gain a foothold in the State of Qi.
Four
Finally, in the forty-eighth year of the Duke of Qi Jing (500 BC), Yan Zi died and was succeeded by his son Yan Yuan. When Yan Zi died, Qi Jinggong was extremely saddened. In general, for the Yan Infant in the late Spring and Autumn Period, he assisted the three monarchs of the State of Qi, namely the Duke of Qi Ling, the Duke of Qi Zhuang, and the Duke of Qi Jing. Although Yan Infant was loyal to the State of Qi, he wanted to avoid the situation in which the power of the Qi State Was sidelined. In this regard, Confucius also praised that "Yanzi Yujun is loyal to the king, and his behavior is respectful." However, Not only did Yan Bao's efforts not work, but after his death, his own family also died out in the process of Tian's generation.
In 490 BC, on his deathbed, Duke Jing of Qi commanded Gao Zhang and Guo Xia to assist his younger son Gongzi Di as monarch. After the death of Duke Jing of Qi, Yan Bao's son Yan Yuan, together with Gao Zhang and Guo Xia, supported Gongzi Di as the monarch of the state, and was for Yan's widow. Tian Beg and Bao Mu wanted to make Duke Jing's other son, Gongzi Yangsheng, the monarch. On June 23, 489 BC, Tian Beg and Bao Mu led troops into the palace to rebel and attack the Gao and Guo families. The armies of Gao Zhang, Guo Xia, and Zi Zi were soon defeated, and Tian Beg pursued Guo Xia, who fled to Ju. Gao Zhang, Yan Yuan, and Xian Shi fled to the State of Lu, and Tian Beg and others supported the prince Yang Sheng as a prince, in order to mourn the Duke of Qi, and the Yan clan of the State of Qi was also destroyed. After the demise of the Yan clan and many other Qing Dafu families, the Tian clan Daiqi was unstoppable. What do you think about that? Feel free to leave your views and let's discuss them together.