<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="1" > preface</h1>
A few days ago, I saw such a problem: many painters have painted the Eight Juntu. But not many people know which eight horses the Eight Horses refer to. Do friends know?
Eight horses, refers to eight kinds of horses, generally refers to horses. The Eight Horses comes from a legend that generally refers to the eight horses of King Mu of Zhou.
As for the painter's eight jun diagrams, Liu Zongyuan, one of the eight masters of the Tang and Song dynasties, said: "The good deeds are for the picture." In fact, the poet painted eight horses based on the legendary appearance of his imagination.
The so-called Eight Juns in legend have their own names, but there are also different versions.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="6" >, the eight juns in Tang poetry</h1>
The most famous poems about Bajun are from the late Tang Dynasty poet Li Shangyin's "Yaochi":
Yaochi Amu's window opened, and Huang Zhu sang and mourned. Eight Jun traveled thirty thousand miles a day, and King Mu did not come back
The eight horses in this poem refer to the eight horses of King Mu of Zhou, which can travel 30,000 miles a day.
The poet Liu Cha, who stole money from Han Yu's family, has a poem cloud of "Guan Bajun Tu":
Mu Wang Bajun did not stop, and went overseas to find the long sun and moon. Wuyun looked at the Amu Palace and returned with new white hair.
The eight horses that Liu Cha saw also referred to the eight horses of King Mu of Zhou, and Li Shangyin used the same allusion.
In addition, the Eight Juns also refer to good horses in general, for example, Du Fu has the poem "On the City":
The grass is full of Brazilian green, and the empty city grows day and day. The wind blows the flowers and pieces, and the spring water is vast.
The Eight Juns followed the Heavenly Son, and the group of subjects followed the Emperor Wu. Distant smell of patrol, morning and evening all over the wilderness.
The Eight Horses with the Son of Heaven, the Eight Horses in Du Fu's poem, do not necessarily refer to the eight horses, but generally refer to the horses and the carriage of the Son of Heaven.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="16" >2, Mu Wang Bajun recorded in the Liezi</h1>
The eight horses of King Mu of Zhou have their own names, but the names of these eight horses are not exactly the same in different books.
Liezi was a thinker of the early Warring States period, and it is recorded in Book III of The Liezi:
Wang Dayue. He did not sympathize with state affairs, did not enjoy his concubines, and traveled wantonly. The order rides the Eight Horses, the right serves [Hua Lu] and the left [Green Ear], the right [Chi Ji] and the left [Bai Xi], the main car is the father of the Emperor, tai Bing is the right; the second car is the ride, the right serves [Qu Huang] and the left [Wheel], the left [Thief Li] and the right [Shanzi], the main car of Bai Yao, sambai is the royal, and The Ben Rong is the right.
These eight horses of King Mu each took their place and performed their duties, namely: Chi Ji, Ta Lun, Bai Xi, Hua Xiao, Green Ear, Shan Zi, Qu Huang, and Thief Li.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="21" >3, Eight Juns in Jin Zhanghua's "Natural history"</h1>
Zhang Hua of the Jin Dynasty also recorded the names of many horses in his "Natural History":
Ancient horses have flying rabbits and waist folds.
Zhou Muwang Bajun: Chi Ji, Fei Huang, Termite, Hua Lu, Lu Er, Qiu Qi, Qu Huang, Thief Li.
Tang Gong has a donkey. Xiang Yu has a skull.
Regarding the Eight Juns of King Mu of Zhou, there are six kinds with the same name as Liezi: Chi Ji, Termite, Hua Lu, Lu lù Ear, Qu Huang, and Thief Li.
There are two different kinds, Zhang Hua has: Fei Huang, 騧騟 [guā yú], and "Liezi" has: 踰輪 and Shanzi.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="28" >4, Eight Juns in Jin Wangjia's "Collected Remains"</h1>
During the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Wang Jia wrote the mythological zhiwei novel collection "The Book of Collected Remains", which also recorded the eight juns of King Mu of Zhou:
King Mu reigned for thirty-two years and toured the world. ..... Wang's Eight Dragons: One Jedi, who does not trample the soil; two who flips the feathers and crosses the birds; three who run away from the sky and travel thousands of miles at night; four who are super shadows, walking day by day; five who are over the light, who are hairy and bingyao; six who are super light, one who is ten shadows; seven who soar the fog and run by the clouds; and eight who carry wings and have flesh wings. Pass it on, and follow it to the realm of heaven and earth.
The eight horses in the "Collected Remains" are even more different, and the eight names are: Jedi, Flip Feather, Benxiao, Super Shadow, Over Hui, Super Light, Tengwu, and Wing.
It is different from the Eight Juns in the previous two books.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="33" >5, Liu Zongyuan's "Guan Bajun Tushu"</h1>
Liu Cha saw that the "Eight Juntu" made a poem, and Liu Zongyuan saw the Eight Juntu and made an article "Guan Bajun Tu".
To the effect that the ancient book mentions that King Mu of Zhou drove the Eight Juns to Kunlun, and later a good thing was drawn according to the imaginer.
The legends in this book are absurd, and the eight horses on this painting are also strange, some like dragons, like phoenixes, like praying mantises, like unicorns and so on.
Later generations speculated that the same was true of the ancient saints, imagining the saints as strange, such as Fuxi like a cow and a female goddess thinking of a snake.
In fact, saints are also human beings, and there is no difference between them and ordinary people. The Eight Horses are also horses, with tails and manes and four hooves, which are not so strange.
Today, if people go to find horses like dragons and phoenix unicorns according to the "Eight Horses", and according to legend, they look for saints who look like cattle and snakes, of course, they will not find good horses and saints.
If a torch burns these diagrams and removes the strange imagination in the brain, then naturally you can find the real good horses and saints in reality.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="41" > concluding remarks</h1>
Judging from the above poems, the Eight Horses are the horses imagined by the ancients with special functions and strange appearances.
When poets refer to the Eight Horses, they mostly refer to good horses. As for how the painter paints, it is up to his imagination.
What the ancients called the Eight Horses seems to have drawn some strange horses. The Eight Juntu that we see today is actually a painting of some ordinary horses, but the color and form are different.
@Old Street Taste
Understand these five word cards, basically will fill in the words