Introduction of Qingxu County

Qingxu County belongs to Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province, located on the outskirts of Taiyuan City, facing the mountains and rivers, with convenient transportation, Qingxu County has a total area of 609 square kilometers and has jurisdiction over four towns and five townships.

Qingxu County is the hometown of Mr. Luo Guanzhong, a master of Chinese classical literature, mr. Ma Quan, a famous Chinese painting artist in contemporary China, and one of the grape producing areas in China and the birthplace of old vinegar in Shanxi, known as "Portuguese Town" and "Vinegar Capital".

Institutional history

Qingxu, known as Terrier Yang in ancient times, was founded in the Spring and Autumn Period and placed in the 16th year (596) of the Sui Kai Emperor

Qingyuan County, Qingxu County. In the 29th year of Jin Dading (1189), Xugou County was established in the eastern border of the county. In July 1952, Qingyuan and Xugou counties were merged, taking the first character of the names of the two counties, called Qingxu County, and the county seat was in Donghu Subdistrict.

According to the archaeological findings of the ancient cultural site of Mayu, as early as eight or nine thousand years ago, there were human beings in the land of Qingyuan, and the excavated cultural relics include the edges, bottoms, ears, cockscomb ears and horns, covers, feet, etc. of gray pottery and red pottery, and also found stone rings, spinning wheels, stone axes, etc., which is a typical Neolithic Yangshao culture.

During the Yao Shun period, Tang Yaochu was in Taiyuan and built Tang City, and Qingyuan belonged to Tang. In fact, the capital of Yao is in the village of present-day Yaocheng, and here the four hours and eight festivals are established.

Xiafen Jiuzhou, Qingyuan belongs to Jizhou.

In the Zhou Dynasty, Jizhou was divided into Youzhou and Hezhou, and Qingyuan belonged to Hezhou.

In the autumn of 629 BC, the State of Jin reviewed its army at Qingyuan and established five armies to defend against the Di people, with Zhao Wan as the secretary. The Yongle Canon records that Qingyuan is Qingyuan.

In the autumn of 555 BC, the Zhonghang sacrificed his son to see Wugao of the Yang Dynasty. Later, Terrier Yang became the food of the Qi clan.

In the autumn of 514 BC, the Jin state of Wei Xianzi took charge and divided the fields of the Qi clan into seven counties, of which Terrier Yang was one of them, which was the beginning of Terrier Yang becoming the county seat.

In 403 BC, the "Three Families Divided into Jin", the Spring and Autumn Period ended, the Warring States began, and the Terrier Yang belonged to Zhao.

In 288 BC, the eleventh year of King Huiwen of Zhao, Qin took the Yang and entered Qin.

In 247 BC, Qin destroyed the Zhao state and established Taiyuan County, which belonged to Taiyuan County. The Western Han Dynasty was parallel, and the Terrier belonged to Korea.

In 196 BC, Han Gaozu established a dynasty state, the capital of Jinyang, and named his son Liu Huan as the acting king. At this time, Terrier Yang belonged to the Daiguo.

In 106 BC, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty first created the Thirteen Prefectures Thorn History Department, and Terrier Yang was demoted to the township of Yuci County, Taiyuan County, and the Thorn History Department of Hezhou. Since this time, the Western Han Dynasty, the Eastern Han Dynasty, the Three Kingdoms, the Jin Dynasty, and the Jiyang have always been the western border of Yuci County.

In 448, in the ninth year of the Northern Wei Dynasty, Yuci County was abolished, and Jiyang was incorporated into Jinyang County. In 500 AD, in the first year of the Northern Wei Jingming Dynasty, Yuci County was restored, and Yuci County was subsequently subordinated to Yuci County. In 582, at the beginning of the Sui Dynasty, Terrier Yang again belonged to Jinyang County.

In 596, in the sixteenth year of the Sui Kai Emperor, Qingyuan County was newly established in parts of Jinyang and Yuci, and a new county town was built north of the city, named after the Qingyuan water in the northwest of the city, which was the beginning of Qingyuan county. In 607, three years after the Sui Dynasty, Qingyuan County was abolished and merged into Jinyang County.

Qingxu County

In 618, the first year of Tang Wude, Qingyuan County was restored. From then on, Tang, Wudai, and Jin were all Qingyuan County.

In 1220, the fourth year of Jin Xingding, Qingyuan set up Jinzhou, with jurisdiction over xugou, taigu, and qi counties.

In the Yuan Dynasty, it was abolished and remained Qingyuan County. Yuan, Ming and Qing were all Qingyuan Counties.

In 1764, in the twenty-ninth year of the Qianlong Dynasty, Qingyuan was demoted to a township and came under the jurisdiction of Xugou County.

In 1912, the second year of the Republic of China, the establishment of Qingyuan County was restored. In the fourth year of the Republic of China, it was demoted to a town and belonged to Xugou County. In the sixth year of the Republic of China, Qingyuan County was restored.

In July 1952, Qingyuan and Xugou were merged to form Qingxu County.

Geographical environment

Qingxu County is located in central Shanxi Province, northwest of the Jinzhong Basin. The total area is 609.5 km².

Fold the topography

The terrain of Qingxu County is high in the northwest and low in the southeast, and it spreads slowly in the west and east, and is divided into medium and low mountainous areas, pre-mountain flood fans, sloping plains and impact plains, and the mountainous areas and pingchuan rivers account for about 1/3 and 2/3 of the total area respectively; There are no obvious hilly areas; The soil is divided into two types: mountain cinnamon soil and meadow soil. The altitude difference in the territory is large, more than 800 meters in the mountainous area, the highest point in the north is Miaoqian Mountain, which is as high as 1841 meters, the plain is below 780 meters, and the lowest point in the south is only 753 meters in the Changfeng area of the Fenhe Exit, with a relative height difference of 1088 meters.

Folding climatic characteristics

Qingxu County has a warm temperate continental climate with four distinct seasons, with an average annual sunshine of 2577.5 hours and a sunshine rate of 58%; Frost-free period of 183 days; The average annual temperature varies with the terrain, ranging from 9.6°C to 10.2°C in Hirakawa, 10.4°C to 10.6°C in The Bianshan Mountains, and 3.8°C to 9.1°C in the mountainous areas; The average annual precipitation is 462 mm.

Folklore

Vinegar Culture Festival

Qingxu County Vinegar Culture Festival China Qingxu Vinegar Culture Festival is organized by qingxu county party committee and county government. In 2009, it was rated as one of the top 100 festivals in China by the "Organizing Committee of China Festivals, Conventions and Exhibitions Summit Forum". The China Qingxu Vinegar Culture Festival includes six major items: press conference, opening ceremony, vinegar industry expo, vinegar industry summit forum, cultural activities, closing ceremony and signing ceremony.

Erect fire festival

Qingxujia fire began in the early Tang Dynasty, and in 2006, Qingxujiahuo was listed as an intangible cultural heritage protection project in Taiyuan. As a demonstration site for the protection of traditional programs in Shanxi Province, in 2009, the Qingxu County Party Committee and the county government decided to hold the China Qingxu Fire Festival on the 16th day of the first month of each year. During the Fire Festival, the activities mainly include special folk art program performances, vinegar temple fair folk craft display, folk art street tour, flame set fire evening, Qingxu cultural picture display, special snack display, Qingxu characteristic agricultural products exhibition and sales.

Grape picking month

The Qingxu County CPC Committee and the county government decided to hold the China Qingxu Grape Picking Month activity at the national agricultural tourism demonstration site - Lufeng Mountain Villa in Qingxu County every year when the grapes are ripe. The theme activities of the annual picking month are divided into grape poetry, celebrity calligraphy and painting joint exhibition, "grape culture and value" forum, reporters, photographers photography, wind collection activities, "Qingxu grapes are sweet" citizen picking garden activities, wine products, Portuguese specialties exhibition and grape opening ceremony and wine tasting activities, vine adoption activities, and holding China Qingxu Snack Week activities.

Qingxu Temple Fair

Qingxu is the largest temple fair in Qingxu County every year on the 18th day of the 4th month of the lunar calendar and the 8th day of the first month of October.

Famous people

Luo Guanzhong (1331-1400), courtesy name Ben and Cai Ben , Zi Guan Zhong , was a native of Qingyuan County, Shanxi , Hedong Province ( now Qingxu County , Taiyuan City ) , a famous ancient Chinese novelist and opera composer , and the author of Romance of the Three Kingdoms and Water Margin (in collaboration with Shi Nai'an).

Ma Quan (1937-), ziqingyuan, alias Boxi; A famous Chinese painter and poet of contemporary China, born in 1937, a native of Qingxu, Shanxi. He is a national first-class artist and a professional painter of Beijing Academy of Painting. His achievements have been included in more than 20 dictionaries and dictionaries published in China, the United States, the United Kingdom and Japan, such as Who's Who in the World, Who's Biography, Artist Biography, and Biography of Writers and Artists.

Li Yuanmao (1944-), ziwen hou, number Kuilin, is currently the honorary curator of the Hainan Provincial Museum, a national first-class artist, and a special expert of the State Council.

Jia Tingzhao (1713~1765), a native of Donggaobai Village, Qingxu County, Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province. Qingqianlong Nongzhi (1742) Wu Zhuangyuan. He is the author of "The Solution of the Six Strategies of The Three Taos" and "A Brief Explanation of Sun Tzu's Art of War".

Qiao Songnian (1815-1875), also known as Marquis Jianhou (健侯), was a native of Hao Village, Qingxu County. He is the author of four volumes of the Analects of the Analects, eight volumes of the Notes of Luo Moting, fourteen volumes of the Wei Shu, and two volumes of the Records of qiao shi, all of which were published. Among them, the fourteen volumes of "Wei Shu" and the eight volumes of "Notes of Luo Moting" were selected into the "Preliminary Compilation of The Mountain Right Series", a large-scale series of ancient books compiled by the Shanxi Provincial Literature Commission in 1934, which collected the academic works of twenty-eight Jin people from Tang And Qing.

Wang Haoru (王灏儒), a zixin child, was a native of Qingyuan Chengnan (present-day Chunguang) in the late Ming Dynasty, a scholar of Ming Chongzhen Nongwu (1642), and a scholar of Ding Hai (1647) of Qing Shunzhi. Ren Zhizhou of Caozhou, Shandong, author of the Four Books of Musical Debate. In the eighteenth year of Shunzhi (1661), the "Chronicle of Qingyuan County" edited by him was printed, which is the earliest surviving Chronicle of Qingyuan.

Ma Jianfa, a famous painter in Shanxi Province, graduated from the Chinese Painting Department of the Academy of Fine Arts of Shanxi University and studied at the Beijing Painting Academy in Maquan. He is currently a member of the Chinese Artists Association, the Shanxi Provincial Artists Association, the painter of the Shanxi Academy of Painting, and the member of the Shanxi Landscape Painting Art Committee.

Yang Zongxin, folk paper-cutting artist, inheritor of Shanxi Qingxu brick carving skills. Yang Zongxin was named "Outstanding Contribution Artist" by Taiyuan Municipal Federation of Literature and Literature, "Celebrity of Folk Art" by Taiyuan Municipal People's Government, and "Master of Folk Arts and Crafts" by Shanxi Provincial People's Government.

Hu Chang'e, female, born in 1961 in Qingxu County, Shanxi Province, is a national first-class actor, a famous Jin opera performance artist, the vice chairman of the Taiyuan Dramatists Association, and the winner of the "Plum Blossom Award" of Chinese drama.

Li Baosen (1911-1989), formerly known as Li Baosheng, was a native of Beicheng Village, Qingxu County, and later settled in Echi Village. He joined the Communist Party of China in September 1933 and successively served as the director of the Transportation Bureau and the director of the Organization Department of Hebei Province, the chief of the Traffic Section of the Northern Bureau of the COMMUNIST Party of China, the deputy director of the Shanxi Provincial Water Conservancy Bureau, the director of the Second Mine of Fengfeng Mine of Hebei Province, the first deputy director of the Pingdingshan Mining Bureau, and the deputy director of the Guangxi Provincial Coal Industry Bureau.

Li Yannian (1913-1942), also known as Li Shiqing, was a native of Nanyin Village, Gaohua Township, Qingxu County. In December 1933, he joined the Communist Party of China through the introduction of Li Baosen. Later, he served as the executive committee member of the "Federation of Social Societies" in Shanxi Province, the secretary of the party group and the secretary of the party group of the Armed Self-Defense Forces. After 1935, he fell ill for a long time and was treated in Beijing, Yan'an and other places. After the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, he went to work in Taihang District, and in the spring of 1942, he died of illness in Xiakou Village, Zuoquan County.

Li Xiang (1921-1945), formerly known as Wang Zhongling, was a native of Nanyingliu Village, Qingxu County. At the end of 1937, he joined the Communist Party of China. On the morning of December 30, 1945, Comrade Li Xiang was wounded by a bullet in order to cover the breakthrough of his comrades, and was brutally killed by Yan Jun, at the age of 24.

Chang Zhong (1915-1980), a native of Kong Village, Wucun Township, Qingxu County. He joined the revolution in 1938 and joined the Communist Party of China in the same year. Chang Zhong successively served as the director of the Military Transportation and Training Department of the Engineering Corps Headquarters, the director of training of the Luoyang Engineering Corps School, and the vice president of the Nanjing First Engineering Corps School. He was awarded the rank of Major General in 1955.

Wang Guoying (1921-1942), formerly known as Wang Anfu, was a native of Dongmuzhuang, Qingxu County. In 1938, he joined the Independent Battalion of the 358th Brigade of the 120th Division of the Eighth Route Army and joined the Communist Party of China in the same year. On the sixth day of the first lunar month in 1942, when Wang Guoying was working behind enemy lines in Nanshao Village, he was accidentally arrested by the Jinci Sweeping Communists, and soon after he was heroic and righteous, he was only 21 years old.

Gao Mingsheng (1920-1945), a native of Northwest Fang, Xugou Town, Qingxu County. In 1937, he participated in the anti-Japanese resistance with the guerrillas of Ma Jianfa Chengcheng Middle School, joined the Communist Party of China in 1938, and served as a company commander and staff officer in the 36th Regiment of the Jinsui Second Sub-district. In February 1945, Gao Mingsheng and the Japanese puppet army in Wuzhai County launched a bloody battle at Fengziguan to cover the safe transfer of organs, troops, schools and the masses, and Gao Mingsheng was seriously wounded and died in the battle, at the age of 25.

Wang Ligang (1921-), a native of Longjiaying Village, Wangda Township, Qingxu County. He joined the Communist Party of China in 1940. In 1942, he was appointed as the deputy captain of the Tongpu Detachment of the Second Taihang District and the captain of the Yu (Secondary) Tai (Gu) Qi (County) Luxi Wugong Team. During the Liberation War, Comrade Wang Ligang successively served as battalion commander, regimental chief of staff, chief of military reconnaissance section, chief of division chief of staff, director of intelligence of Kunming Military Region, chief of staff of the Fourteenth Army, and deputy commander. (Lion)