Peng Pan, a proletarian revolutionary of the older generation and the "king of the peasant movement": Burn his own land deeds and lead the peasants to make a revolution

Source: Nanfang Daily

Peng Pan

During this year's "May Day" holiday, many tourists came to visit the former residence of the martyr Peng Pan on the second road of Longjin East road in Haifeng County, Shanwei To visit the "punch card". This restored former residence is a two-storey building that combines Chinese and Western styles, and visitors can intuitively feel the rich life of this landlord family. In October 1896, Peng Pan, a proletarian revolutionary of the older generation of the Communist Party of China and a pioneer of the Chinese peasant movement, was born here and spent his childhood and adolescence.

In the 1920s, this "white-faced scholar" who was killed from the "Zhumen" led the vast number of peasants to take the lead in raising the banner of the peasant association, leading the establishment of China's first county-level peasant association and the establishment of China's first Soviet power. Mao Zedong once praised Peng Pan as "the king of the peasant movement."

Led the establishment of China's first county-level farmers' association

Although the family has "the land that crows can't fly", Peng Pan, who was born rich and noble, is a "rebel". From an early age, he was influenced by new ideas and new cultures, heard and witnessed the miserable life of poor peasants, and was determined to reform unreasonable society and overthrow unreasonable systems. Later, while studying in Dongdu Japan, he came into contact with and began to study Marx's teachings.

Peng Pan, who returned from school, did not embark on a career path as his family expected, but went to the countryside to publicize and launch a peasant revolution. In order to mingle with the peasants, he took off his student clothes, changed into coarse cloth clothes, wore a bucket hat and barefoot, and made friends with the peasants. Sometimes, he would move a phonograph to the big banyan tree in front of the Tianhou Temple in Longshan, east of the city, put on a few pieces of music, broadcast a few pieces of Chao opera, and after attracting the villagers, he would take the opportunity to preach the revolutionary principles to them.

"Listening to the elders, Grandpa ate and lived with his peasant friends and got along like a family member." Peng Yina, the granddaughter of the martyr Peng Pan and a member of the 11th Guangdong Provincial Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, said, "For the sake of the revolution, he later resolutely burned the deeds he inherited and returned the land to the poor peasants. ”

Day after day of hard work, it finally paid off. In July 1922, Peng Pan secretly established the "Six-Member Peasant Association" with 5 other like-minded farmers in Haifeng's own residence, "Dequ Library". By the time the Haifeng County General Farmers' Association was established on New Year's Day of the following year, it had 100,000 members, with Peng Pan as its president, which was the first county-level farmers' association in China. Since then, the peasant movement in Guangdong has spread rapidly from Hailufeng to all parts of the province.

In April 1924, Peng Pan joined the Communist Party of China. After the establishment of the first Kuomintang-Communist cooperation, Peng Pan initiated the establishment of the Guangzhou Peasant Movement Training Institute, and served as the director of the first and fifth agricultural movement institutes, cultivating a large number of backbone talents of the peasant movement.

After the defeat of the Great Revolution, Peng Pan was elected a member of the Provisional Politburo at the 87th Party Congress, and soon returned to Hailufeng to instigate an armed uprising. In 1927, the people of Hailufeng held three armed uprisings and successfully seized power. In November 1927, Lufeng and Haifeng counties held county-wide workers' and peasants' and soldiers' congresses to establish the Lufeng County and Haifeng County Soviet Governments. The Hailufeng Soviet government was the first Soviet power in China.

The red family style is passed down from generation to generation

"Brothers, don't be sad because of the sacrifice of your brother. I hope to take care of my body. This is the last letter written to the Party Central Committee in 1929 before Peng Pan and Yang Yin were killed by the Kuomintang reactionaries. In the letter, the two did not mention what happened to them in prison at all, showing revolutionary feelings of infinite loyalty to the party and the people, and the fearless spirit of generous death. Peng Pan was only 33 years old when he died.

In Peng Yina's heart, Grandpa is a person who lives for ideals and dies for ideals. She believes that it was the idealism of saving the country and the original intention of seeking benefits for the overwhelming majority of the people that prompted Her Grandfather to embark on the proletarian revolutionary road of seeking rejuvenation for the Chinese nation and happiness for the Chinese people.

Under the influence of Peng Pan, many people in the Peng family went forward to join the revolution. Today, on both sides of the main hall of Peng Pan's former residence, there are 6 martyrs' certificates hanging, belonging to Peng Pan and his other 5 family members.

The red family style is passed down from generation to generation. In March this year, Peng Shilu, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, the first chief designer of China's nuclear submarines and a nuclear power expert, died in Beijing at the age of 96. This pioneer and founder of China's nuclear power field is the second son of martyr Peng Pan. In addition, Peng Pan's nephew Peng Shige became a well-known mathematician and won the Future Science Prize last year.

Peng Yina, a former member of the Guangdong Provincial Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, told reporters that in the process of performing her duties, she has also always taken her grandfather as an example, spurred herself to stand on the people's stand and insist on speaking out for the people. "Inheritance is the best memorial, as a descendant of the Peng family, I have always kept in mind the revolutionary spirit of my grandfather who dared to be the first, dared to forge ahead, and selflessly dedicated himself to the party, the country, and the people, and consciously shouldered his responsibilities." Peng Yina said emotionally.

Nanfang Daily reporter Wang Cong