Ventress also
"March of the Volunteer Army" is the theme song of the anti-Japanese rescue movie "Children of the Storm" 86 years ago, which was already popular all over the country.
Screenshot of the MV of the National Anthem of the People's Republic of China released by the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League.
"Every picture burns." This is the evaluation of netizens on the new version of the national anthem MV released on January 1 this year. This version of the latest "Volunteer March" MV, only 49 seconds.
This song, which every Chinese is familiar with, is set in 86 years ago.
In 1935, the Shanghai Dentsu Film Company filmed the film "Children of the Storm". The film tells the story of the intellectuals who bravely went to the anti-Japanese front line from the bitterness and wandering after the "918" incident. "March of the Volunteer Army" is the theme song of this movie, and the lyrics and composers are Tian Han and the composer Nie Er, who were already popular all over the country at that time.
Nie Er's original name was Nie Shouxin. He was born in February 1912 in a family that opened a medicine shop in Yunnan, the youngest of six children. Unable to pay for the Boy Scouts' clothing, Nie Er, who was studying at the Kunming County Normal Affiliated Primary School, was forced to transfer. After graduating from primary school, Nie Er was admitted to the Foreign Chinese Group of the Senior Department of Yunnan Provincial First Normal School, majoring in English.
The gifted Nie Er learned folk music such as erhu and bamboo flute with a neighboring carpenter, and after school, he learned music theory and piano with a French teacher, and violin was learned from a primary school music teacher during his teacher training.
People familiar with Nie Er said that as long as they could get in through his ears, they could sing it out of his mouth. Over time, everyone called him "Mr. Ear.". The name "Nie Er" also came from this.
In the 1959 movie "Nie Er", Zhao Dan played Nie Er. /Douban movie "Nie Er" detail page
In 1928, Nie Er secretly joined the Chinese Communist Youth League and began to study Marxist-Leninist theory, engraving and posting leaflets and participating in student parades.
Four years later, he wanted to apply for the Art College of Peking University, but was not admitted. In mid-September 1932, Zhao Mingyi, head of the "Chinese Left-Wing Dramatists Alliance" in Shanghai, wrote a letter introducing Nie Er to the Beiping Left-Wing Dramatists' Alliance.
On recommendation, the 20-year-old Nie Er entered Shanghai Lianhua Film Company and organized the "China Emerging Music Research Association" and participated in the music group of the Left-wing Dramatists Alliance.
By 1932, at the age of 34, Tian Han was already a well-known dramatist, poet and social activist.
Tian Han was born into a peasant family in Changsha, Hunan Province, and at the age of 14, he was admitted to the Changsha County Normal School (the predecessor of Changsha Normal College) founded by Xu Teli. At that time, he showed an interest in the creation of plays.
In 1917, Tian Han went to Japan to study, during which he joined the Young Chinese Society founded by Li Dazhao and others, began to publish poetry and commentary, and organized a creation club with Guo Moruo to advocate new literature. His theatrical debut was Van Eleen and the Rose.
Tian Han, Pinhek and Jiang Xia village group photo. /Douban character Tian Han detail page
After returning from Tokyo in 1922, Tian Han began a passionate creative career: founded the semi-monthly magazine "Nanguo", established the Nanguo Film and Drama Society, promoted new dramas, and performed in Nanjing, Hangzhou, Guangzhou and other places.
Tian Han's early drama works "Fan Elin and Rose", "One Night in the Coffee Shop", "Tragedy on the Lake", "The Death of a Famous", "Nangui", etc., are all emotional dramas. In the Shanghai literary and art circles at that time, he had friends on both sides of the left and right, and he once said: "Art can be completed by politics, but politics does not have much control over art." ”
As the situation evolved, Tian Han also began to cry out for the salvation of the nation.
In March 1930, he participated as one of the founders of the Founding Conference of the Chinese Left-Wing Writers' Union and became the leader of the Left-Wing Cultural Movement in Shanghai. Since then, he has created stage plays such as "Plum Rain", "Chaotic Clock", "Seven Women in the Storm", as well as the movies "China's Roar" and "Three Modern Women", which directly and hardcore the political situation.
In April 1932, Tian Han joined the Communist Party of China and worked with his left-wing colleagues, Xia Yan and others to write film scripts.
This year, 34-year-old Tian Han met with 20-year-old Nie Er.
In the summer of 1934, Nie Er (right) and Tian Han took a group photo in Shanghai. /Douban character Tian Han detail page
In July 1932, Nie Er published several articles in newspapers under the pseudonym "Black Angel". Once, in an article, he criticized the musician predecessor Lai Kam-fai: "What we need is not soft tofu, but the hard kung fu of real knives and guns!" Tian Han noticed Nie Er and specifically found the young man and talked all night.
The two soon ushered in their first collaboration. In early 1933, in the studio of Xujiahui Lianhua Film Company, Tian Han introduced Nie Er to join the Communist Party of China and invited Nie Er to compose "Mining Song" for the film "The Light of Motherhood". Over the next two years or so, they collaborated on songs that accounted for a quarter of Nie Er's surviving works.
In the autumn of 1934, Tian Han created the film story "Phoenix Nirvana Map" based on the content of the anti-Japanese resistance of young Chinese intellectuals, which was later renamed "Children of the Wind and Clouds". For personal safety reasons, Tian Han could not appear in public, and the script was written in a temporarily rented room in a small hotel.
Xia Yan took Tian Han's manuscript, adapted it into a film script, and officially began filming in 1935. The lyrics of the movie theme song "March of the Volunteer Army" were written on the last page of the manuscript, and the song at that time was called "Military Song".
According to Xia Yan's recollection, the manuscript was shelved on the desk of screenwriter Sun Shiyi for a while, and later they found that the next few pages were wet with tea, and several words in the lyrics had been blurred, and Xia Yan and Sun Shiyi carefully identified and copied them. After hearing about this, Nie Er came to Xia Yan and proposed that he wanted to compose music for it.
When composing the music, Nie Er added his own understanding of the lyrics. Tian Han later said in his "Record of Shadow Affairs": "The "March of the Volunteer Army" I wrote was slightly different from what was sung later, and it was obvious that the composer had added work. Nie Er revised the lyrics three times.
Composer Nie Er composed the manuscript of the score. /Douban character Nie Er detail page
Tian Han admired Nie Er very much, and in a manuscript about the creation of the national anthem, he wrote: "I have worked with Nie Er on a number of songs. He had no formal musical education, but he was highly talented, had strong national feelings, and had the courage to learn. His work is crisp and bright, and he is good at handling sentences that are difficult for others to control. The lyrics of the song ,'When the Chinese nation is at its most dangerous, everyone is forced to make a final roar', which is not easy to control, but he handles it naturally and forcefully. ”
Nie Er was a revised score and lyrics in Japan, and the song was sent to Shanghai, where it was officially recorded by Dentsu Film Company on May 9, 1935. After the release of "Children of the Storm", "The March of the Volunteer Army" quickly became popular throughout the country. Two months later, on July 17, Nie Er drowned while swimming on the beach of Theuganuma in Fujisawa City, Kanagawa Prefecture, at the age of 23.
Nearly a decade later, towards the end of World War II, the "March of the Volunteers" was listed among the triumphant allied repertoire.
In September 1949, the first plenary session of the Chinese Political Consultative Conference was held in Beiping, and the "March of the Volunteer Army" was determined as the national anthem. On October 1, at the founding ceremony marking the founding of New China, the band played the "March of the Volunteer Army", and 54 salutes sounded 28 in unison. On March 14, 2004, the Second Session of the Tenth National People's Congress passed the constitutional amendment, "The National Anthem of the People's Republic of China is the March of the Volunteer Army" and was officially written into the Constitution.