In 1991, the Shenzhen Railway Station was basically completed, and everyone was also very concerned about who would complete the inscription of the Shenzhen Railway Station. Many have offered the hope that the mayor will personally write an inscription for the train station. Such a proposal made Li Hao, then secretary of the municipal party committee and mayor, shake his head and repeatedly refuse.
Because he has already selected a more suitable candidate, that is, Comrade Deng Xiaoping, who has made great contributions to the development of Shenzhen. It is precisely because of the reform and opening up proposed by Deng Xiaoping that Shenzhen has caught up with the east wind of the special economic zone and moved from poverty to prosperity, so this candidate is none other than him.
Soon, Li Hao reported his idea to the organization and eventually reached Deng Xiaoping, where he agreed. In April, in the anticipation of the people of Shenzhen, Deng Xiaoping's inscription was finally embedded in the building of the Shenzhen Railway Station, becoming a moving banner flying in the hearts of the people of Shenzhen.
But what makes people feel strange is that Deng Xiaoping's inscription to the Shenzhen Railway Station only has the word "Shenzhen" and no "station". If you want to understand Deng Gong's intentions, I am afraid that you must start from the long history of this station.
Shenzhen Railway Station also has a well-known old name in the local area - Shenzhen Luohu Railway Station. It is located on the ancient Guangzhou-Kowloon Railway, occupying an important position in the southern gate of China, and its transportation significance is not small. During that period, whether it was to transport rice, flour, grain and oil, meat, vegetables, eggs and milk, it had to pass through here, and its importance could be imagined.
As a border station with a full sense of the times, Luohu Railway Station not only undertakes the heavy responsibility of communication between the mainland and Hong Kong, but also witnesses the city's century-old changes and witnesses the arduous process of China's journey from the moment of peril to the road of prosperity and strength.
Luohu Railway Station in the 1980s
In the early days of the founding of New China, there were many wastes waiting to be rebuilt, and some people threw themselves into socialist production with ideals and wanted to change the status quo of the country's poverty and weakness with their hands; some people looked at the brilliant lights on the other side and showed a look of infinite envy; and some people crossed the deep bay and went to other places to seek a more prosperous life.
"Fleeing hong Kong" has become the dream of many Shenzhen people, and it has also become a heart disease in Shenzhen
For decades, groups of people have been rushing to Hong Kong with crazy steps, even if the border guards have fully maintained it. The problem of "port escape", which has been long, large-scale and accompanied by complex situations, has not been properly resolved.
When will Shenzhen be able to truly get rid of such a dilemma and let the people stay at ease? No one could give an answer, until Comrade Deng Xiaoping began to attach importance to the Shenzhen issue, and Shenzhen finally saw hope again.
Seeing that the wave of "fleeing Hong Kong" was higher than the wave, the leading cadres of Guangdong's political parties were distressed and anxious but helpless. Since you can't solve it yourself, then simply report the problem to the central authorities. With this in mind, the leading body of the political party in Guangdong made a bold decision:
The "hong Kong escape incident" was reported to Deng Xiaoping and asked for help from the central authorities.
Residents of Shenzhen who fled Hong Kong in the 1970s
So, in November 1977, Deng Xiaoping, who was on his first southern tour, heard a report on the Shenzhen problem. He stared wordlessly at the street outside the window, and after a while he turned around and said:
"There is indeed a problem with our policy, and this is not something that the troops can manage."
In the discourse, there is no blame and reprimand for the Shenzhen government, but more reflection on the central government's own decision-making.
Deng Xiaoping's attitude made them let go of the heart that had been hanging on, but at this time, this group of people was still not happy, even the troops could not control it, could Shenzhen really not get out of adversity? The more they thought about it, the more frustrated they became, and the little hope and expectation that remained in their hearts were shattered.
But there was one person who was different, not only did he not lose his head, but he was inspired by Deng Xiaoping's words: Wu Nansheng, the chairman of the Guangdong Provincial Party Committee at the time. After the meeting, he immediately organized an investigation team to go to Shenzhen, hoping to thoroughly understand the current situation in Shenzhen through a series of field investigations.
In the process of actual investigation, the investigation team found an interesting phenomenon: there is a Luofang Village in Shenzhen and a Luofang Village in Hong Kong, the two villages are only one bay apart, but the living standards of the residents are as different as the world. According to the survey, the average annual income of villagers in Luofang Village in Shenzhen is only 134 yuan, while the income of residents of Luofang Village in Hong Kong's New Territories has reached 13,000 yuan at this time, and the economic gap of nearly 100 times is staggering.
What is even more incredible is that the people of the two villages are basically "the same root and the same origin", and the Luofang Village in Hong Kong was originally established in Hong Kong after the villagers of Luofang Village in Shenzhen fled hong Kong. At this time, people finally understood: it is not that the people in the interior do not have the ability, but that the inland does not have enough fertile land for people to develop!
Aerial view of Hong Kong in the 1980s
In order to change the status quo of Shenzhen's development, in 1979, the leaders of Guangdong Province reported to Deng Xiaoping, expressing Shenzhen's determination to become a pioneer in economic reform. Seeing that Shenzhen, from the government to the people, was holding back a momentum to meet the reform and opening up, Deng Xiaoping was very touched, and soon made a decision to designate Shenzhen as a special economic zone, leading the whole country to carry out the first attempt to carry out reform and opening up.
On August 26, 1980, the central government decided to establish special economic zones in Shenzhen, Zhuhai, Shantou and Xiamen in Fujian Province.
The people of Shenzhen, who have been affirmed by the state, have since embraced enthusiasm and buried their heads in production and construction, and have soon made very remarkable achievements. Gradually, this once dilapidated and backward small fishing village has also begun to show its huge development potential.
Dilapidated buildings were gradually replaced by high-rise buildings, a series of smooth and new asphalt roads also made the original dirt trails withdraw from the historical stage, the International Trade Building broke through the imagination of Shenzhen people on modern technology at an astonishing speed of three days and one floor, and China's first McDonald's East Gate Old Street was listed for business, making Shenzhen citizens the first people in the country to taste the taste of foreign fast food.
In 1990, the first McDonald's in Shenzhen opened
Shenzhen has finally ushered in its own spring, from poverty and white to beautiful prosperity, its history of struggle has confirmed the correctness of the road of reform and opening up, and Shenzhen has become one of the brightest landscapes in China at this time.
Shenzhen's progress is there for all to see, but so have the voices of doubt. Many people questioned and attacked Shenzhen's development, and they tortured Shenzhen with the sharpest and harshest words in various newspapers, which once again disturbed the determination of Shenzhen people to develop, and they also began to mutter:
Is this the right thing to do? All right? Can it be recognized by the central government?
In order to consolidate the people's confidence, Deng Xiaoping once again went to the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone to investigate the achievements of reform and opening up. Just as Chairman Mao said, without investigation, there is no right to speak, and whether the central authorities' decisions are correct or not, whether they are good or not, can only be known if they see with their own eyes.
On January 24, 1984, Deng Xiaoping made his first inspection of the Shenzhen Special Administrative Region, which had been established for four years.
In 1984, Deng Xiaoping inspected Shenzhen
It was not an easy task to report to the chief designer of reform and opening up, and the person in charge of Shenzhen made a two-hour report in one breath, during which he kept cooperating with the map on the wall and explained in detail the details and trends of Shenzhen's development for Comrade Deng Xiaoping.
Subsequently, the relevant person in charge accompanied Deng Xiaoping to inspect the construction situation of the whole of Shenzhen, and Deng Xiaoping's silence made them feel very uneasy. Although he always maintained a kind smile on his face, Deng Xiaoping never said a word whether he was listening to the report or in the course of the inspection, whether it was good or bad, ok or not.
It is difficult not to worry about such an attitude: Is it that shenzhen's current development has not yet met the expectations and requirements of the central government?
Deng Xiaoping's entourage told them that Deng Xiaoping would not make any statements or inscriptions during the inspection. Listening to this, the person in charge of Shenzhen was like being poured a basin of cold water on the head. If you can't get Deng Xiaoping's approval, how to explain it to the people of Shenzhen!
What made them feel extremely frustrated was that Deng Xiaoping, who inspected Zhuhai two days later, changed his indifferent attitude in Shenzhen and not only made frequent speeches, but also gave Zhuhai an inscription" "Zhuhai Special Economic Zone is good." The treatment of the world has made the people of Shenzhen feel cold and half-cut.
Deng Xiaoping wrote an inscription to the Zhuhai Special Administrative Region
In order to make up for the regrets, the Shenzhen Municipal Party Committee finally decided to send Zhang Rong, director of the reception office, to Guangzhou and ask Deng Xiaoping to write an inscription for Shenzhen. In the face of Zhang Rong's request, Deng Xiaoping said he could return to Beijing to write an inscription. But for some reason, he suddenly changed his mind and wrote an inscription in his own handwriting on the day of Chinese New Year's Eve:
Shenzhen's development and experience have proved that our policy of establishing special economic zones is correct.
As soon as Deng Xiaoping put down his pen, the ink on the paper had not yet dried thoroughly, and Zhang Rong, who was so excited that he could not express himself, hurriedly went forward to fold up this precious inscription and hurried out of the First Courtyard. Because he was so excited, he even forgot to say goodbye to Comrade Deng Xiaoping.
The provincial leaders tirelessly admired these few vigorous and powerful brush words, and everyone smiled happily. It is worth noting that the day of Deng Xiaoping's inscription is February 2, but at the end of the payment he deliberately changed the date to January 26 — the day he left Shenzhen.
The leaders of Guangdong Province also understood Comrade Deng Xiaoping's intentions. Obviously, the content of the inscription was obtained by Comrade Deng Xiaoping after a comprehensive investigation and study, and the non-statement made in Shenzhen and the current statement are the results of Comrade Deng Xiaoping's comprehensive thinking. When he finished inspecting and thinking, he could truly discover and understand the hard-won achievements of Shenzhen's development.
This inscription is undoubtedly the greatest affirmation of Shenzhen's development achievements in the past few years.
As written in the "Shenzhen Shizhi Office": The sweat of Shenzhen people is not in vain, the roads of Shenzhen people are not white, the risks of Shenzhen people are not in vain, and our chief designer understands Shenzhen's "pioneering cattle" best.
Shenzhen, which has become a special economic zone, has achieved a take-off in the construction and development of economy, culture and other aspects. By 1989, Shenzhen not only owned China's first stock exchange, but also successfully upgraded to a sub-provincial city, which aroused the envy of other provinces and cities in China.
At this time, the small and dilapidated Luohu Railway Station seemed a little out of place. Under the erosion of time, Luohu Railway Station has long been dilapidated. The small interior of the station cannot bear too much passenger flow, the lack of station capacity, the operating equipment has long been aging, and the surrounding environment is complex... No matter how you look at it, it is somewhat out of proportion to the rapid development of Shenzhen.
Coupled with the fact that the date of Hong Kong's return to the motherland is approaching, Shenzhen will soon become an important channel connecting Hong Kong and the mainland, and the Luohu Railway Station will inevitably take on the heavy responsibility of history again. How to welcome Hong Kong compatriots home? It can be seen that it is imperative to build Shenzhen Station.
Late 80s Shenzhen
On October 23, 1989, shenzhen's new railway station finally broke ground, and two years later, the Shenzhen railway station was finally initially completed. One day, Guo Shenglin, the person in charge of the construction of the railway station, found the mayor Li Hao, who told Li Hao that the railway station was about to be completed, and hoped that the mayor could write an inscription for the railway station.
Li Hao did not agree with his idea, he knew that all the achievements that Shenzhen had achieved today could not be achieved without the decision of the chief designer. So he said his thoughts: "If you can ask Comrade Deng Xiaoping to write it, it would be good." As soon as these words came out, everyone clapped their hands and applauded:
It is more appropriate for those who have truly created shenzhen's prosperity to witness and write about Shenzhen's most important transportation links. Will the leaders of a country that has every opportunity accept such an invitation?
To everyone's surprise, Deng Xiaoping did not resign after knowing this, but gladly agreed, and quickly completed the inscription.
A few months later, Wu Songying, deputy director of the Propaganda Department of the Shenzhen Municipal CPC Committee, who was holding a meeting in Beijing, received a phone call. The voice of the person on the other end of the phone was very excited, and it turned out that Li Hao's secretary, Liu Runhua, had brought good news: "Vice Minister Wu, Comrade Deng Xiaoping's inscription has been written, and Secretary Li has sent you to the General Office of the Central Committee to get it." “
At 10:00 a.m. the next morning, Wu Songying walked into Zhongnanhai with excitement, and in the office on the second floor of the Secretariat Bureau, he saw the inscription that made all Shenzhen people dream. When the rice paper spread out in front of him, the word "Shenzhen" quickly came into view. In addition to marveling at the joy, Wu Songying was more of a doubt:
Shenzhen invited Deng Xiaoping to write "Shenzhen Station", why is there only the word "Shenzhen" on the paper?
At this time, he found that there was a document stamped with the official seal of the Secretariat bureau of the General Office of the CPC Central Committee next to him, so he quickly picked it up and read it. The document requires the Shenzhen Municipal Party Committee to properly keep and use the inscription, and specifically states that this inscription can be published in the local party committee organ newspaper. The document is enough to prove that the inscription was indeed written by Deng Xiaoping. Wu Songying had to put aside the doubts in his heart for the time being, and after signing and receiving the mail, he carefully put the inscription into the briefcase and embarked on the journey back to Shenzhen.
Wu Songying
Speaking of the process of this painting from Beijing to Shenzhen, it can also be regarded as thrilling. After getting the inscription, Wu Songying did not dare to delay for a moment, and rushed back to his residence to pack his luggage and go straight to the capital airport, in order to ensure safety, he deliberately placed the document bag containing the inscription in the center of the small suitcase.
Since Shenzhen was not yet navigable at this time, if you want to go from Beijing to Shenzhen, you must transfer from Guangzhou, so after getting off the plane, Wu Songying took the airport bus back to Guangzhou. After getting off the bus, he did not rest, but directly bought a train ticket to Shenzhen. After arriving at the train station, Wu Songying took a bus to the dormitory area of the Xinling Municipal Party Committee.
Seeing that he was about to get off the bus, Wu Songying suddenly encountered a very critical accident. He was standing by the door as he was about to get out of the car, and a young man rushed up and pounced on his suitcase. Perhaps it was because Wu Songying was too nervous, and his eyes were always staring at the box from time to time, so that the thief mistakenly thought that there was some gold and silver treasure inside, so he had a bad heart.
Fortunately, Wu Songying reacted extremely quickly, and before the man could step forward, he first protected the box in his hand. He firmly guarded the suitcase with one hand, and grabbed the man who flew in with the other hand and threw it out fiercely. The thief between the electric light and flint fell two meters away, and the people around him reacted and hurriedly shouted: "Catch the thief, catch the thief." Frightened, the man quickly got up from the ground and fled in a hurry.
After this encounter, Wu Songying did not dare to stay for a moment, and immediately accelerated his pace and returned home. When he returned home, he hurriedly gave a report to Liu Runhua, telling him that Deng Xiaoping's inscription had returned. It was only then that everyone's hearts really let go.
Early the next morning, Wu Songying came to Li Hao's home and solemnly handed him the inscription and documents. Liu Runhua and Li Hao, who were present, and Ren Kelei, then secretary general of the Shenzhen Municipal Party Committee, were very happy, and immediately unfolded the rice paper and admired it beautifully.
The crowd watching around the paper asked the same question as Wu Songying: "Why is there only the word "Shenzhen"?" ”
They speculated one after another about Comrade Deng Xiaoping's intentions, but no one could understand the meaning of this. Suddenly, as if he understood something, Li Hao laughed and turned to instruct Ren Kelei to follow the instructions of the central document. Soon, the railway company sent someone to take a copy of the inscription and complete the production of the plaque as required.
The original of the most precious inscription has been well preserved in the archives of the General Office of the Shenzhen Municipal Party Committee.
On October 12, 1991, Shenzhen Railway Station was officially put into operation. At 4 p.m., a grand inauguration ceremony was held in the passenger terminal of the new railway station in Shenzhen. Before the official start of the inauguration ceremony, Wu Songying made a special trip to the railway station, and he wanted to see the handwriting that he had personally retrieved.
Two powerful golden-red characters hung high above the train station, shining in the sun. Wu Songying was full of emotion in his heart, and couldn't help but think of the scene at Li Hao's house that day again. At this time, he no longer doubted the disappearance of the word "station", because Deng Xiaoping had already given the answer.
As the vanguard of China's reform and opening up, Shenzhen shoulders a major historical mission, and only when the vanguard dares to forge ahead can we lead more soldiers behind us, turn China's reform and opening up into an irresistible torrent of progress, and promote the better development of the entire Chinese economy.
Therefore, whether it is before or in the future, Shenzhen will never be able to rely on the station and stop, it must play a good lead, bravely move forward, and be the vanguard of China's development.
This inscription contains Comrade Deng Xiaoping's affirmation of Shenzhen's development and his wishes and hopes for Shenzhen's beautiful future, but the fate of Deng Xiaoping and Shenzhen is not over.
From the late 1980s to the early 1990s, the political situation abroad was turbulent: the collapse of the Soviet Union, the drastic changes in Eastern Europe, the bumpy road to international socialism, and the country was not at peace. Many those who oppose reform and opening up ignore the tremendous achievements made in opening up and prefer to oppose peaceful evolution and reform and opening up, constantly impacting the excellent development situation that has just been established.
In order to stabilize people's hearts and consolidate development, Deng Xiaoping came to Shenzhen again to inspect despite his advanced age. On January 19, 1992, the 87-year-old Deng Xiaoping arrived at the Shenzhen Railway Station by special train.
Contrary to the attitude of not speaking and not taking a stance last time, as soon as he arrived in Shenzhen, he said, when I arrived in Shenzhen, I couldn't sit still, and I wanted to go everywhere to see.
Compared with eight years ago, Shenzhen's changes are changing with each passing day, and looking at the ever-changing bustling street scene in front of him, Deng Xiaoping in the car showed a happy smile. He said that after watching the development of Shenzhen, he really had confidence.
When passing by the Shenzhen Railway Station again, Deng Lin specially reminded his father to look at the word "Shenzhen" on the mouth: "Everyone says that your inscription is well written!" Deng Nan took over and said a playful sentence: "This is your patent, and it is also an intellectual property issue." The people in the car were amused by this.
For Mr. Deng, it was a pleasant inspection journey. He is deeply pleased with Shenzhen's achievements today, and of course he has never forgotten the contribution of the people of Shenzhen to the development of Shenzhen.
He has personally seen the great changes in Shenzhen and understands the difficulty of Shenzhen people's struggle. He said that Shenzhen's rapid development did not rely on writing articles or speeches, but on doing solid work. He understood that the hard work of the people is the foundation of national development.
As the car drove over the Shenzhen Bridge, Deng Xiaoping stood at the head of the bridge for a long time, staring affectionately at the other side — that was the direction of Hong Kong — for eight or nine minutes, and his heart must have been full of ardent expectations and firm confidence in Hong Kong's return.
Hong Kong's return
On July 1, 1997, all the Chinese finally ushered in the return of Hong Kong. Regrettably, the designer who drew the blueprint for China passed away a few months ago.
Although Deng Xiaoping was unable to see the return of Hong Kong with his own eyes, his inscription still hung well over the Shenzhen Railway Station, witnessing this historic moment for him, and it will certainly continue to witness Shenzhen's creation of a new economic miracle and China's steps towards a better future.