<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="1" > character biography</h1>
Jia Dao's family was poor in his early years, and he once lived in Shiyukou Stone Village in Fangshan Mountain, leaving Jia Dao'an behind. 19-year-old Yunyou, Zhi Mengjiao, etc., because of and deliberate Han Yu. After returning to the vulgarity, he repeatedly raised the rank of the soldier. Emperor Wenzong of Tang was then the chief of Changjiang County (present-day Pengxi County, Sichuan), so he was called "Jia Changjiang".
His poems are exquisite in carving, and he likes to write about desolate and desolate situations, and has a lot of miserable feelings, saying that he has "two sentences and three years, and one groan and two tears". However, he was later joined by Puzhou Sicang and died in Renshou. There are 10 volumes of "Yangtze River Collection" and more than 390 poems. In addition, 3 volumes of the collection and 1 volume of the "Poetry Grid" have been handed down. His poems like to describe desolate and desolate places, and there are many cold words. He is known for his five-word poetry. Pay attention to the tempering of words and sentences, and deliberately seek work. The allusion to "scrutiny" is due to his poem "The monk knocks on the door of the moon".
Jia Dao and Mengjiao are also called "suburban cold island thin", Mengjiao people call "poetry prisoners", Jia Island is called "poetry slave", he does not like to interact with ordinary people all his life, and the biography of Tang Caizi calls him "a person who has been befriended outside the dust". He enjoyed writing poetry and singing bitterly, and worked words.
In the winter of the fifth year of Yuan He (810), to Chang'an, see Zhang Yuan. In the spring of the following year, when he arrived in Chang'an, he began to pay tribute to Han Yu and was deeply appreciated for his poetry. After the vulgarity, repeatedly raised into the ranks of the first. During the reign of Emperor Wenzong, because of slander, he degraded the main book of the Yangtze River (present-day Daying County, Sichuan). He once wrote the poem "Sick Cicada" "To Stab the Gongqing" ("Chronicle of Tang Poetry"). In the fifth year of Kaicheng (840), he moved to Puzhou Sicang to join the army. Emperor Wuzong died in Puzhou on July 28 (August 27) in the third year of Emperor Wuzong's reign (843).
Jia Dao's poetry formed a genre in the late Tang Dynasty and had a great influence. In the Tang Dynasty, Zhang was listed as one of the seven people of the "QingQi Yazheng" Ascension Hall in the "Poet's Main Guest Map". In the Qing Dynasty, Li Huaimin's "Master and Guest Diagram of the Poets of the Middle and Late Tang Dynasties" called it "The Lord of Qingqi Seclusion and Suffering", and there were many disciples who "entered the room" and "entered the door". In the late Tang Dynasty, Li Dong, the Five Dynasties Sun Sheng, and others greatly respected Jia Dao, and even burned incense to worship his portraits and poems, just like gods ("Biography of Tang Caizi", "Reading Chronicle of Gunzhai"). Jia Dao is the author of the 10 volumes of the "Yangtze River Collection", and there are photocopied copies of the "Four Series of Periodicals" in the Ming Dynasty. Li Jiayan's "New School of The Yangtze River Collection" uses the Jia poems collected in the "Quan Tang Poems" as the base, the reference school books and relevant general collections and anthologies, the appendices of "Jia Dao Annals", "Jia Island Dating Examination" and the compilation of Jia Island poems, etc., which are relatively complete.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="6" > Taiping Guangji</h1>
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="7" > original text</h1>
Jia Island is like Yuanhe zhong, Yuan Bai is still light and shallow, and the island is unique and secluded to be beautiful. Although he sat and ate, he did not quit chanting. Try to cross the donkey cover and cut through the sky street. When the autumn wind is strong, the yellow leaves can be swept away. The island suddenly said, "The fallen leaves are full of Chang'an." It was impossible to obtain a joint sentence, and because of the sudden attack on The Great Jing Zhao Liu Qichu, he was released overnight. He also encountered Emperor Wuzong in The Dingshui Jingshe, and the island was particularly insulting and slow, and he was surprised. He had a mid-purpose, ordered an official to go, specially appointed a lieutenant of Changjiang County, and moved to Puzhou Sicang slightly.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="10" > translation</h1>
Jia Dao character Lang Xian, in the middle age of Yuan He, Yuan Shu and Bai Juyi's poems advocated lightness, and Jia Dao alone pursued the change and remoteness of poetry to correct the light atmosphere of poetry. Whether he was walking, sitting or eating, he could not forget to chant and write poetry. Once riding a donkey with an umbrella, he cut off the streets of Chang'an City. At that time, the autumn wind was blowing strongly, and the yellow leaves were all over the ground, and Jia Dao suddenly recited a poem: "The fallen leaves are full of Chang'an." Because he was anxious to think of another poem corresponding to it, he forgot to avoid it, and rushed into the palanquin and honor guard of Dajing Zhaoyin Liu Qichu, and was arrested and locked up for a night before being released. Another time, he met Emperor Wuzong at the Dingshui Jingshe, Jia Dao was very contemptuous and arrogant to the emperor, the emperor was very surprised, afterwards the emperor ordered him to be demoted to a lieutenant of Changjiang County, and soon after he was changed to Puzhou Sicang, and died in the office.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="12" > anecdotes</h1>
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="13" > early monk</h1>
Jia Dao's hometown of Fanyang was once the home of An Lushan, and after the Anshi Rebellion was settled, it was long occupied by the clan town and was in a semi-isolated state. Jia Dao was born into a civilian family and had a humble door. Therefore, his early behavior rate is not considerable. Legend has it that before he was 30 years old, he had several times to ask for the lift, but he was unsuccessful. Frustrated, but also forced to make a living, he had to live in the monastery as a monk, taking the name of the Dharma without a foundation. The poor family situation, the dry Zen room life, cultivated his lonely and indifferent and introverted personality, lingering and loving, less than glory and profit, mood and anger, and the world is quite nostalgic. But he still loved poetry, and often forgot to compose good sentences, "although he sat and slept and ate, he did not stop chanting." Jia Island is therefore also regarded as a typical example of the Tang Dynasty bards.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="15" > the origin of the deliberation</h1>
One day, Jia Dao went to the outskirts of Chang'an City to visit a friend named Li Ning. He searched along the mountain road for a long time before he touched Li Ning's home. At this time, the night was quiet, the moonlight was bright, and his knock on the door woke up the birds in the trees. Unfortunately, on this day, Li Ning was not at home, and Jia Dao left a poem:
"Title Li Ning's Seclusion"
Idle and few neighbors, grass path into the desert garden.
Birds stay in the trees by the pool, and the monk knocks on the door under the moon.
Crossing the bridge divides the color, and moves the stone to move the cloud root.
Come here for the time being, the quiet period is not worthy.
The next day, Jia Dao rode back to Chang'an on a donkey. Halfway through, he remembered the little poem he had improvised last night, and felt that the word "push" in "Birds stay in the tree by the pond, monks push the moon under the door" was not used properly, and perhaps it would be more appropriate to use "knock" instead. Jia Dao rode a donkey, while chanting, while doing knocking on the door and pushing the door, unconsciously entered Chang'an City. People on the street were amused to see him like this. At this time, Han Yu, who was serving as an official in the capital, was surrounded by an honor guard. Pedestrians and vehicles all avoided each other, and Jia Dao rode on a donkey, compared and rowed, and even broke into the honor guard. The messenger brought him to Han Yu.
Han Yu asked Jia Dao why he was running around. Jia Dao read the poem he made to Han Yu, but one of the sentences was not sure whether to use "push" or "knock". Han Yue listened and thought about it with great interest. After a while, he said to Jia Dao, "It's better to type." Moon night to visit friends, even if the friend's family does not have latch, you can not recklessly knock on the door, knocking on the door means that you are a polite person! And a 'knock' word makes the night quieter, a little louder. Isn't it lively in silence?" Jia Dao listened and nodded. Not only was he not punished this time, but he also made friends with Han Yu.
Since then, deliberation has become a popular word, used as a metaphor for writing articles and writing poems or doing things, repeatedly pondering, repeatedly deliberating, in order to get the best.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="25" > Keju High School</h1>
The hat of the Ten Evils of the Ja Island Poetry Field. What made him even more sad was that his good friend Meng Jiao died of a sudden illness in the ninth year of Yuan He (814). In the fourth year of Changqing (824), Han Yu fell ill and died again. At this time, Jia Dao was still a white dress. It was not until Jia Dao was old that Jia Dao served as the chief bookkeeper of Changjiang County.
What achievements Jia Dao made in the yangtze River master booklet is not recorded in the history books. The Tang Dynasty Su Dai praised Jia Dao in his "Jia Sicang Epitaph" for "three years in office, and the volume cannot be released". It seems that after Jia Dao's eunuchs, the habit of reading and chanting poetry has not changed.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="29" > write poetry hard</h1>
Jia Dao wrote poetry and was known for his hard work and seriousness. This is also reflected in his own verses. For example, he noted himself under the sentence of the poem "Sending the Invincible", "Alone in the shadow of the pond, counting the edges of the tree": "Two sentences and three years, one groan and two tears." If Zhiyin is not rewarded, he will return to his hometown in autumn. "Two sentences and three years" is naturally an exaggeration, but his poetry is often painstaking but it is really true. "Genealogy of the Ancestors of Wuzhong", edited and illustrated by Su Wen
It is precisely because of his hard work that he was able to make up for his lack of talent, so that he finally won a place in the star-studded Poetry Circle of the Tang Dynasty, and left many excellent works. For example, his "Remembering wu on the river": "The country of Fujian sails away, and the toad loses and returns." The autumn wind blows the water, and the fallen leaves fill Chang'an. The night of the party was at night, when the thunderstorm was cold. Lan Huan had not returned, and the news was still in the clouds.
The whole poem opens in a bone, and the poetry is like a turn. In particular, the "autumn wind blows the water, the leaves are full of Chang'an" a couplet, to the battle of nature, witty words, haoqi flow, desolate artistic conception, the image fully conveys the poet's memory of friends a piece of affection, worthy of reciting the famous sentences of the ages.
Another example is his "SendIng Han Chaozhou Yu" "This heart was once with Mulan Boat, until the head of the tide in Tiannan." The chapters across the mountain came to Huayue, and the letters out of the customs flowed through the stream. The peak hanging road is broken, and the sea soaks the old trees in autumn. One night the miasma smoke and wind swept away, and the first day of the moon and the beginning of the morning went up to the West Wing of the Waves." Write jia dao's suspense and sympathy for Han Yu, and set off Han Yu's bright and upright, the realm is magnificent, the syllables are high, and the love rhyme is long, which shows that Jia Dao sees the timeless pen power in the plain place.
Another example is his "Xiadi" poem: "The next empty sac, how to live in the imperial township!" The apricot garden is full of tongues, who is drunk on the side of the flowers? Tears fell far away from the mountains, and the disease came to spring grass. Zhiyin feng yi, lonely negative three Xiang. "Heavy expression of his painful feelings after falling in the first place." Jia Dao's life was very unambitious, lonely and poor, and the eunuch road was extremely difficult, so his poems were mainly based on describing the lonely and quiet realm. But sometimes there are also works of impassionment, such as his "Sick Bird Groan": "The handsome bird also casts a high perch, and soars down the ladder."
Sometimes it is revealed that the volley goes, and nothing goes with the wind. Swift moon side with jade rabbit, late return to the sun to whisk the golden rooster. Don't want mao feathers to be scattered, yan ken ambition to er low!" Still ambitious, ambitious, still fantasizing about the opportunity to fight in the air. This fierce and energetic factor in his thinking is often vented with the help of the image of the old general and the veteran general.
As in his "Substitute Old General": "The old things are like dreams, who should believe in the old man." There are several battlefields, and there is no one in the part. Sunset to collect soldiers and horses, sunny days to show the map. The holy pilgrimage of Jussi, self-tweezers white beard". His "Generation of Border Generals": "Holding the edge of the day, the war is over the clouds." The dew grass wept coldly, and the night spring chirped. Three feet to hold the middle iron, qi rush star bullfighting.
Serving the country is not informal, and anger will be peaceful. His Swordsman: "Ten years of grinding a sword, the frost blade has not been tried." Today will show the king, who has an unfair affair. His "Feng Old Knowledge": "How old are you obstructing The Gango, and the song of persuasion in this dynasty." Xian Jun had no white hair and crossed the Yellow River on horseback. The old house soldiers burned out, and the new palace played a lot of days. The demon star also has horns, and several feet of iron are re-milled." These poems are all full of arrogance and bone. It is a pity that Jia Dao has such a great ambition and does not have this opportunity, so that he has never been able to exert his talents, and the last thing left is his poem "Yangtze River Collection".
Jia Dao's poetry and his spirit of bitter chanting were still very influential in the five dynasties of the late Tang Dynasty. For example, the Li Cave of the Late Tang Dynasty, on the Yangtze River, the copper written island statue, wearing a scarf." Often hold several beads to chant Jia Dao Immortal, a thousand times a day. Whoever has the joy of the island, the cave will record the island poems by hand and give them, and then say four times: This is no different from the Buddhist scriptures, and it is to burn incense and worship them." Another example is the Southern Tang Dynasty Sun Sheng, who also painted a portrait of Jia Dao hanging on the wall and praying day and night. Although Jia Dao believed in the Immortal Buddha before his death, I am afraid that he did not expect that there were people behind him who worshipped him as a fairy because of his poetry. If he had a spirit in heaven, he would certainly be satisfied with "becoming an immortal" after his death!
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="35" > suburban cold island thin</h1>
Su Dongpo is a very interesting person, he does not have the same poetic practice as Ouyang Xiu's "Liuyi Poetry" and You Yuan's "Quan Tang Poetry", but he often has a popular view of poetry. Such as "Observe the poetry of the cross-examination, there are paintings in the poems; The painting of MiMara, there is poetry in the painting. "Du Shi, Han Wen, And Yan Shu are all collections of dacheng also." Meng Haoran's poems rhyme high and short. "...... "Thin on the outskirts of the cold island" was also proposed by him, and it was summed up so accurately, vividly and graphically.
Of course, the poetry style of MengjiaoJia Island mainly refers to the narrow pattern, the mood of poverty and the spirit of bitterness embodied in their poems. Both of them had never been a decent official in their lives, and Meng Jiao himself had a temperament of Gengjie, a person who was not good at interacting with others, and after taking the exam three times, he won a jinshi at the age of fifty and got a poor petty official position.
But he always likes to spend time drinking, playing the piano and making friends and poetry, ignoring government affairs, and finally someone else took his place, took half of his own money home, and lived a "poor and brown hanging knot" life. As a result, his poems have become more and more "cold", such as: poor and sick are shameful, so there is no new bed. Spring color burns the skin, and the throat is bitter at times. Tired of sleeping, strong and soft. Admitting to himself, there are tears that dare not flow. Silently in the heart, towards the twilight of sorrow. ("Lying Sick") The night of study is not endless, and the gods are sad.
One day, Xuanzong Weifu came to the temple where Jia Dao was located, heard the sound of poetry on the upper floor, so he moved upstairs, saw that there were poems on the case, and then exhibited the scrolls, Jia Dao did not know the emperor, and the cleaver snatched the poem scrolls, and the voice was strong and cold. Fortunately, the emperor had grace and went downstairs and walked away. Later, Jia Dao realized that something was wrong, was frightened, and rushed to the palace to plead guilty. It surprised the emperor. This story is too much of a deduction, not very reliable, but it shows Jia Dao's temperament.
Mengjiao and Jia Dao lived in poverty for many years, and although they had received rewards and financial support from Han Yu at that time, they did not get rid of the difficulties of real life. So in their poems, words like "tears," "hate," "death," "sorrow," and "bitterness" can be found everywhere.
"The autumn wind is full of sorrow and resentment. The two sides of the emotion, want to swallow the tone first. The heart is twisted, but the sorrow is difficult to say. Don't think only about it, the end of the world is bright moon. (Mengjiao's "Ancient Grievances") "Trial concubines and Jun's tears, two dripping ponds." Look at the hibiscus flowers, for whom to die this year. (Mengjiao's "Grievance Poems") "I don't write poetry for a day, and my heart is like an abandoned well." The pen is a reel, and the chant is a silk. The dynasty re-introduced, still have to clear the water. The book is given to the same people, and the words are hard and hard. (Jia Dao's "Drama to a Friend") The thing is like this, "the article hates the fate, the charm is gratifying" (Du Fu), because the poet has lived in poverty for many years, so it is possible to have in-depth contact with society, and his poetry is more in temperament and art.
Although, after MengJiao passed the jinshi examination, he also wrote such a spirited and spirited pride as "spring breeze triumphant horseshoe disease, seeing all the Chang'an flowers in one day", and also wrote the ancient famous sentence of "loving mother's hand line, wanderer's clothes", which is the supremacy of family affection, but these are not his main themes after all, "suburban cold" is his main color.
Please see him write about the mood of nostalgia in this way: "Sorrowful people have a unique night candle to see, a piece of township book teardrops through"; He wrote of the world's coldness: "Abandonment and abandonment, love is like a sword wound"; He wrote about the emotional world this way: "Trial concubine and jun tears, two dripping pools of water"; He wrote about the natural Xiao Shuo in this way: "Cold dew drops dream broken, steep wind combs the bones cold." "Poetry comes out of the heart, out of the heart." (Su Shi's "Reading Meng Dongye Poems") This is the style characteristic of Mengjiao.
The "Linhan Hermitage Poems" says that he "Mengjiao poems are astringent and poor, not false, and really bitterly chanted." Looking at its syntax and greece, it can be seen. It claims to itself, 'The night is full of whispering, and if the groaning gods and ghosts hear it.' How not to be idle, the heart and the body are enemies. Although Jia Island is not as good as "suburban cold", it also has its distinct personality. He wrote, "Matsushita asked the boy, and the teacher took the medicine." Only in this mountain, the cloud depth is not known" such a detached and leisurely poem, but also revealed that "ten years of grinding a sword, the frost blade has not been tried."
Today, the test jun, who has an unfair affair" such a high-spirited arrogance, but his poems are mostly made of "bitter chanting", so they still appear narrow and sculpted. He himself described it this way: "Two sentences and three years, one groan and two tears." If Zhiyin is not rewarded, he will return to his hometown in autumn. "The most popular story about Jia Island is the allusion to "deliberation".
It is said that he indulged in carved words and sentences all day, and one day he actually rushed into the convoy of Jing Yin Zhao, Han Yue, was taken down left and right, and pushed in front of Han Yue. It turned out that he was thinking about "the tree by the bird's nest pond, and the monk knocked on the door under the moon." The verb "push" in "monk knocking on the door under the moon" is undecided, whether it is better to use "push" or "knock". Han Yue was not surprised, and stopped and thought for half a day and said, "Typing is good." Since then, he has made Jia Dao, a cloth friend, and has also "taught grammar, went to the floating slaughter, and raised soldiers." In fact, these two words can be used, but the use of "knocking" has a sound beauty, which can set off the mood of the late night.
Because Mengjiao and Jia Dao usually do poetry, always love to search the intestines and scrape the stomach and meditate on the words and sentences, coupled with the influence of the objective factors mentioned above, it is natural that the poetry has a "cold, thin and embarrassing" style, and they can be called "bitter bards" in the history of Chinese poetry. The difference is that at that time, Mengjiao was the leader of the "Five Ancients", while Jia Dao was the leader of the "Five Laws".
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="43" > creative attitude</h1>
At present, in the districts and counties of Beijing Municipality, there have been many famous figures in history, including hundreds of people, both literate and martial. Among them is a famous great poet, that is, Jia Dao in the Tang Dynasty.
According to the Old Book of Tang, the Poetry of the Quan Tang Dynasty, and the epitaph written by Su Dai for Jia Dao, Jia Dao was a person from Fanyang County at that time.
As Jia Dao wrote in a five-sentence poem titled "The Swordsman": "Ten years of grinding a sword, the frost blade has not been tried; Who has something wrong with him today?" The poet clearly wanted to use this to express his own feelings.
However, Jia Dao became famous not because of his heroism, but because of his bitterness. The most familiar allusion to "deliberation" is from this gong. There is no doubt that it is of course much better to write the sentence "the monk knocks on the door under the moon" than the sentence "the monk pushes the door under the moon". This has almost become one of the most common examples of alchemy. However, if we understand some of these minimum techniques of "deliberation" of words, can we be called a poet who sings bitterly? The problem is certainly not so simple. Otherwise, it would be too easy to be a great poet.
Jia Dao's bitter chanting actually used a lot of hard work in refining meaning, refining sentences, and refining words. And these are inseparable from the ideological content and the epochality of the work. First of all, we see that Jia Dao is very hard at refining his intentions, so his works have a fascinating mood. If you write a poem and the mood is not good, the taste is the same as chewing wax, so that people read it with interest, it is better to have no poetry. With a good mood, it is also necessary to ensure that this mood can be fully expressed in words and sentences.
Every poem and every word of Jia Dao has been repeatedly tempered and revised with heart. However, after he wrote it, he made the reader unable to see any traces of modification, as if it was completely out of nature and made in one go. It can be seen from this that the so-called bitter groan can only be said from the aspect of the author's hard work, and as for the aspect of the reader's appreciation, the author's suffering should not be seen.
There are many works by Jay Island that can attest to this. For example, the poem "Crossing the Sanggan River" reads: "The guest house and the state have been ten frosts, and the heart remembers Xianyang day and night." For no reason, it crosses the water, but looks forward to the state as its hometown. The meaning of the poem is tortuous, but the words are easy. This makes it poetic and subtle, allowing the reader to chew on its meaning over and over again. If you use one or two times more words and write down all its meanings, it will be meaningless to read.
In Jia Dao's work, there are so many examples like this that I don't know what examples should be given to illustrate the problem better.
Anyone who has read the history of Chinese literature knows that Han Yu appreciates Jia Dao's works very much. The Quan Tang Poetry records that Han Yu gave Jia Dao a poem: "Mengjiao died and buried the Northern Qiao Mountain, and the sun, moon, and stars were idle. The Heavenly Fear article is interrupted, and the island of Jia is regenerated in the human world. Although some people say that this is not Han Yu's poem, it can at least represent the evaluation of Jia Dao at that time. Later people often used the word "dangerous" to comment on Jia Dao's poems, which was really inappropriate.
Although one can cite some evidence that Jia Dao's poetry had a negative impact on later poetry. For example, the Song Dynasty had the so-called Jianghu Poetry School, the Ming Dynasty had the so-called Jingling Poetry School, and the poetry that was popular in the late Qing Dynasty and the Light Years, blindly pursuing strange characters and dangerous sentences, the content was poor, and it became formalism.
If I blame all this on Jia Dao, I think it is unfair. The advantages and disadvantages of the poetry genres of each era should mainly be found in the historical conditions and social background of each era, and the predecessors cannot bear any responsibility for the future generations. Jia Dao's creative attitude is very serious, which is still worth learning to this day. If someone one-sidedly and superficially imitates Jia Dao, so that bad things are produced, how can Jia Dao be responsible!
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="54" > style</h1>
The language is light and simple, and it wins by casting words and refining sentences, and deliberately seeks work. The theme is narrow and narrow, lacking social content, mostly writing scenes, farewells, and nostalgic works, and the mood is desolate and miserable.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="56" > dust edge is not endless</h1>
Jia Dao is a half-vulgar, half-monk and half-immortal poet, and after he was frustrated in the literary field, he went to become a monk, and the Dharma number was no longer available. Those who have no roots, that is, those who have no roots and no roots, emptiness and silence, are also said to be dead. It seems that he is going to study The Buddha for the rest of his life.
But later, he met Han Yu and performed the disciple ritual. Under the persuasion of Han Yu, he was also a common person and won the jinshi. It is inevitable for monks to think about the world, and it is difficult to abandon the Zen mind when entering the world. "Groaning like crying, sitting like Zen." (Yao He's "Sending Jia Island") is very vulgar, and the monk's taste is not light. It was in this duality that he spent his life.
"The Seeker Doesn't Meet" complains about his family, so although he is in the door of release, he has not forgotten the troubles of the world. When he was a monk in Luoyang, the authorities stipulated that he was not allowed to leave the temple in the afternoon. If you change your family, you are not allowed to come out. The kingdom of Liberation is boundless, where can it not cultivate the mind? Yet he felt that his freedom was bound and could not bear it. So he sighed, "It's not as good as the cow and the sheep, Jude will return at dusk." He is very persistent, and once he moves forward, it is not easy to turn back. Whether you are a monk or a layman, it is challenging.
He was a bard, a bard who sat and ate, never forgot to compose poetry, and often went into trouble and caused trouble. It is said that there have been two traffic accidents. Once I was riding a donkey across the street, not paying attention to pedestrians.
At that time, the autumn wind was cold, and the yellow leaves were drifting zero, so he chanted the sentence "The fallen leaves are full of Chang'an". Thinking about the shanglian, he suddenly opposed the "autumn wind blowing and the water", and was overjoyed, and as a result, he bumped into the "mayor's" adult's car and horse, and was detained for a day. One time was to visit Li Ning's secluded residence, and on the back of a donkey, he learned the sentence "The bird stays in the tree by the pond, and the monk knocks on the door under the moon". Among them, the word "knock" is also intended to be the word "push", which has not been determined for a while. Confused, he ended up crashing into Han Yu's carriage and horse again. Although the legend is not entirely credible, his obsession is well-founded. He always wanted to sell himself. "Ten years of sharpening a sword, the frost blade has not been tried."
In fact, he is as thin as wood, shortness of breath, but he only borrows from himself and wants to be appreciated by others. In the Tang Dynasty, if they wanted to show their prominence in the field, they often had to dredge the joints and look for strong backers. And he came from a humble background, had no relatives in the DPRK, and lacked foreign aid, so he hated the injustice of this society. He believed that he had no way out because of the repression of the secretary of state. He passed by the Peidu Courtyard and chanted, "Break a thousand homes and make a pool, and do not plant peaches and plums to plant roses." The roses fall in the autumn wind, and the thorns are full of the court. Pei Du was instrumental in quelling the rebellion and was made the Duke of Jin. He gathered a lot, and Chang'an had Gaodi. When Jia Dao saw it, the fire came from within, pretending to be a poem to mock it. He despised the powerful and did not take them seriously.
And after that, he had no place to live in front of the Fa. One day, Xuanzong went out in a micro-service, walked to the temple, heard people chanting poems, and then went upstairs according to the sound, saw the poetry scrolls on the case, and took them to browse. Jia Island was in the back, taking it with one hand. He didn't know Xuanzong, so he narrowed his eyes and shouted, "Lang Jun eats delicious clothes, who understands this?" Afterwards, he was very nervous and waited for the guilt. The imperial court gave him a minor official who was the chief of Changjiang County and demoted him to Chang'an. There are two poets in the Tang Dynasty whose works deal with this matter. An Qi Shiyun: "Riding a donkey to rush to Da Yin, snatching the scroll and Xuanzong." Li Kegong Shiyun: "Emperor Xuanzong went to do idle things, and Han Yue knew that his name had been raised."
Jia Dao has a cousin named Wu Wu, who is also a poet. At that time, the two were monks together. Jia Dao could not bear the loneliness and killed back the carbine; And nothing is still looking at each other. Jia Dao had a covenant when he was still a layman, and he would still be a monk in the future, but as soon as he fell into the dust net, he was wrapped up. There is no writing poem to remind him not to forget the appointment. Jia Dao said, how can I forget? "
Famous mountains are everywhere, morning and evening to Songqiu. "There will always be smoke and mist, and the rooftop will be a close neighbor." ("Send the Invincible") He still has a longing for the quietness of the shimen. But to say that action is action is a contradiction between the two.
Jia Dao spent his life and devoted himself to poetry. "Two sentences and three years, one groan and two tears", tempering many fine products. Han Yu gave Shiyun: "Mengjiao was buried in the Northern Mountains, and from then on the wind and clouds had to be idle." The Heavenly Fear article is broken, so he was born on Jia Island. "Jia Dao and Mengjiao are on a par with each other and have a far-reaching influence. But in his lifetime, he was poor and destitute, the officials were small, and Lu did not maintain his health. On the day of death, the family has no money, only a sick donkey and a guqin, teaching people to sigh: Does he feel that this life is worth it, go away with a smile, or regret it, it is better to chant the sutra? That's not clear.
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The Swordsman
Ten years of grinding a sword, the frost blade has not been tried.
Today will show the king, who has an unfair affair.
The island of Ja is secluded. This "Swordsman" is spontaneous, spitting out the chest, giving people a unique feeling. The title of the poem is "Shu Jian". In the tone of a swordsman, the poet strives to portray the image of "sword" and "swordsman", rely on words and express his political ambitions to promote the advantages and eliminate the disadvantages.
What kind of sword is this?" Ten years to grind a sword", which is carefully polished by swordsmen for ten years. A side note has shown that this sword is extraordinary. Then, a little bit of the front: "The frost blade has not been tried." Writing this sword blade is as white as frost, flashing with cold light, it is a sword that is extremely sharp but has not yet tried the sharpness. When you say "never tried", you have the meaning of eager to try.
Obviously, the "swordsman" is the poet's self-metaphor, while the "sword" is a metaphor for his own talent. The poet did not describe his ten years of cold window, hard reading career, nor did he express his outstanding talents and grand ideals, but through ingenious artistic conception, he implicitly integrated his own ideas into the image of "sword" and "swordsman". This kind of expression of political ambition in a vivid image is indeed very clever.
The combination of the ideological and artistic nature of the whole poem is natural and ingenious. The language is plain and the poetry is bright, showing another characteristic of Jia Dao's poetic style. This five-piece poem is a poem added by Jia Dao after the two sentences of "The shadow of the lone pond, counting the edges of the tree". Meaning, these two poems took three years of painstaking thought before they could be chanted, and they could not help but burst into tears.
Those who know the sound should know the pain of my poetry, and the rarity of good sentences. If those who know my poetry do not appreciate it, I will hide in the mountains of my homeland, so that I will spend my life in the past, and I will never write poetry again. It shows the hardship and hard work of the poet's artistic labor, and also shows that good poetry is not easy to come by. Jia Dao's bitter chanting spirit has a great influence on later generations, such as Fang Gan: "Only to chant five-character sentences, and a few white stems of hair", "Yin into five-character sentences, with a broken heart", Lu Yan rang: "Yin'an one word twisting and breaking several stems and whiskers", all of which were poetically derived from Jia Dao.