Life is full of autumn rain, and there are many storms. On the long journey, how many smoke clouds change, they all turn into dust under the eyes, leaving no traces. Those who cannot be said can only be kept in the heart forever, becoming fossils of time, which is difficult to recover and forget.
In February 705, Princess Taiping, together with her ministers, successfully launched a coup d'état in XuanwuMenzhong, welcoming Emperor Zhongzong of Tang to restore the throne again, restoring the name of the Tang Dynasty, known in history as the "Shenlong Coup". The affairs of the government are like the rain on a June day, and they are also like the faces of children, which is to change and change, and it is not polite. The people who are on the side are playing with the government and being ruthlessly played by the government, and no one can be evergreen forever and not fall.
As an official of the Wu Dynasty, Du Zhenyan was also unable to escape the Accounting of the Autumn Queen, because he was attached to Zhang Yizhi's brother, Shenlong, who was exiled to Fengzhou (formerly located in present-day northern Vietnam) at the beginning of the first year of the First Year. On the way, I took a boat through the Xiang River, wrote a poem, looked back on the past, and felt a lot of emotions.
"Crossing the Xiang River"
[Tang] Du Zhenyan
Late days of garden sadness in the past, this spring flowers and birds as a side sorrow.
The people of Beijing are channeling south, not like the xiang river flowing north.
The Xiang River, or XiangShui, originates in the Yang Mountains of Nanhai, Xing'an County, Guangxi, flows east into hunan, merges with Xiao, Li, and steaming waters, and flows north to Changsha into Dongting Lake. On the way to exile, Du Zhenyan happened to pass through here, the boats traveled on blue waves, the mountains and rivers were very different, witnessing this scene, it was inevitable that his thoughts would float, looking at his hometown, he couldn't help but reverie.
"Late days of garden sadness in the past, this spring flowers and birds as side sorrow", writing that the poet was on the way to exile, touching the scenery and feelings. Late day, that is, spring day; the words from the "Book of Poetry • July": "Spring is late, harvesting prosperity and Qi Qi." "Looking back on the past, thinking of the grand events of playing in the garden in the spring of the past, and then comparing and thinking of the tragic situation today, I can't help but feel sad from it.
This sad emotion is based on both the past scene and the shocking sadness based on the current situation. The swimming of the "garden" in the past, the "flowers and birds" in front of the eyes today are all sad, the flowers do not feel that they are blooming gorgeous and feminine, and the birds do not feel that their songs are gentle and beautiful, but because of the liveliness of the past in the memory, it reflects the current cold silence.
When the poet feels that although he is a "flower and bird this spring", he suddenly mourns because he degrades the desolate land of the frontier; the poet's sadness, although it is a "garden of late days", is finally exiled far away from his hometown and immediately born of sadness. It is: although the garden is good, the old people are drifting to zero, and they are partial to a bit of suffering; the flowers and birds are delicate, the mood is difficult to get away, and they create a piece of side sorrow.
"The people of Beijing alone are channeling south, not like the north flow of the Xiang River", wrote the poet who was wandering south and envious of the north flow of Xiang Shui. Exiled in the remote southern frontier, it is for the "People of The Capital Country to go south", what he pities is his own family, and what he envies is the "north flow of the Xiang River", because he can return to his hometown without being so worried and frustrated.
Here a "single pity" plus a "southern channel" is a real transmission of the gods, the characters of the desolate appearance is concretely highlighted, there is a lot of "lonely shadow self-pity" and "Chuchu moving" meaning. This strong taste of sadness may be that the poet deliberately creates an atmosphere, deliberately renders the situation, and creates the image of "going to the country" to degrade officials.
Wei Chengqing, who belittled Lingnan for the same reason, once wrote: "The people of Wanli go south, and the three spring geese fly north" ("Nanzhong Yongyan"), and also uses the "north and south" contrasts in the poem, but he borrows the geese as a reference, while Du Zhenyan uses the water of the Xiangjiang River as a lyrical object. Both are "the most difficult to fall sentences based on nature" (Shen Deqian's "Tang Poetry Distinction"), but they are the most reasonable, and after the expansion of the magic, the emotions are innumerable.
Guan Shiming commented in the "Preface to the Tang Poems in the Snowy Mountain House": "The seven absolutes of the early Tang Dynasty, the taste is in addition to the sour and salty, 'human feelings have been tired of the bitterness in the south, and the Hongyan comes from the north', 'The people of The people of Beijing are wandering south, not like the north of the Xiang River', 'That is, the ice on the river is open today, it is when the Chang'an flowers fall', at the beginning of reading, it seems to be a common language, and for a long time I know my own wonders. ”
The infinite affection is within the limited words, and the fate is written in the scene; the thousands of wills are in one or two poems, and the scenery moves with the feelings. The beauty of the poem is not only that it melts into the scene and the scene intersects, but also crosses the endless time and space, transmuts the reason, and makes the rich emotions more and more endless and expressive.
(Picture from the Internet, invasion and deletion)