Du Zhenyan was a native of Gongyi, Henan, and was Du Fu's grandfather, known as the "Four Friends of the Article" along with Li Zhao, Cui Rong, and Su Wei, and played a foundational role in the development of "near-body poetry" in the Tang Dynasty. However, in Du Zhenyan's profile, he is very arrogant and often looks down on the people around him.
Du Zhenyan diagram
Once, Du Zhenyan participated in the pre-selection trial of officials. He walked out triumphantly, and then said to the people around him: "Su Wei must be angry to death." "The people who heard this felt strange and didn't know what the reason was. Only to see Du Zhenyan say eloquently: "When he sees the judgment I wrote, he will definitely feel ashamed of himself." In addition, Du Zhenyan also said: "Qu Yuan and Song Yu's endowment is nothing more than that." As for Wang Xizhi's calligraphy, he only deserves to be my student. "This shows how proud he is.
In addition, because he had no one in sight, he immediately offended Guo Ruoner and Zhou Jizhong. The power of these two people was also one of the best at that time, so they tried their best to frame Du Zhenyan, and Du Zhenyan was directly killed. At this critical juncture, Du He was very young at the time, and seeing his father's state, he infiltrated and assassinated Zhou Jitong. Unfortunately, however, Du Washu was killed on the spot by the people there.
The impact of this incident was not small, and it even reached Wu Zetian's ears. In this way, Du Zhenyan was summoned to the Beijing Division again; And because he wrote his poems very well, he was given the title of official. Soon, because of his contacts with Zhang Yizhi's brothers, zhang Yizhi's brothers later fell, and Du Zhenyan was exiled to Fengzhou.
After reading Du Zhenyan's introduction, we understand his arrogant character, but for his poetry, the overall style is known for its thickness. In 708, Du Zhenyan died of illness at the age of 73.
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Du Zhenyan Du Fu
Du Zhenyan Tang Dynasty literature everyone, do you feel surprised? Du Zhenyan and Du Fu were both in the Tang Dynasty, and there was a difference of about a hundred years between the two, was there a relationship between these two people? The most important thing is that although Du Zhenyan is not as famous as Du Fu, both of them are named after the article, in fact, the two are not only related, but also very close to each other, du Zhenyan is Du Fu's grandfather.
Du Futu
Du Zhenyan and Li Zhao, Cui Rong, Su Wei four people are jointly known as the "four friends of the article", Du Zhenyan's works are simple and simple, and Du Zhenyan is good at writing five-word poems, strictly abide by the rules to write, there were original works of Du Zhenyan a lot. But it has not been handed down for a long time. Compared with Du Zhenyan, what are the characteristics of Du Fu's poems?
Du Fu's poetry has more of a positive and enterprising style, and later due to the problems of the imperial court, Du Fu's poetry writing style has also changed, and slowly becomes a sense of worrying about the country and the people, which is actually from the influence of traditional literature, Du Fu's poems reveal more of that sad atmosphere, which is actually a kind of cultivation.
The style of Du Fu's writing was influenced by traditional literature, and at the same time he also pioneered a change in the use of literature as poetry, which is actually poetry, that is, the display of poetry and poetry, which is the development of Du Fu under the influence of the poetic tradition, Du Fu's thought is to pay attention to genre, comparative elegance, which is also the proof of Du Fu's poetic tradition.
The relationship between Du Fu and Du Zhenyan is still closely related in the source of poetry, and the content and ideological feelings expressed in Du Fu's poems are very similar to Du Zhenyan's poetic style, and this influence can also be said to be a kind of atmosphere. Therefore, there is a close relationship between Du Zhenyan and Du Fu.
Du Zhenyan's poems
Du Zhenyan was a poet of the Tang Dynasty, he was the grandfather of the poet Du Fu, one of the "Four Friends of the Article", he was also an important forerunner and founder of the Tang Dynasty's "near-body poetry", and most of Du Zhenyan's poems were simple and unpretentious. "He Jinling Lu Cheng Early Spring Tour", "He Li Dafu Si Zhen Feng Envoy Cun Fu Hedong", "Deng Xiangyang City", "Spring River Jin Youwang", "Da Shu", "Boating to Send Zheng Qing to Beijing", "Penglai Three Temples Serving Feast" are all representative works of Du Zhenyan's poems.
Du Zhenyan is like
Du Zhenyan's masterpiece "Travels with Jinling Lu Cheng in Early Spring" is a Japanese poem, which is written in the context of the sad sentiment that he was angry when he went out to seek an official, but could not return to his hometown. The second sentence of the ancient poem: Yunxia out of the sea, Meiliu crosses the river in spring. Although it depicts the beautiful scenery of early spring in Jiangnan, I still miss the beauty of my hometown in my heart, and I am sad in the beauty of spring in my hometown. Last sentence: Overhearing the ancient tune of the song, returning to the thought of the towel. It is the point of the whole poem, and it is also an explanation that because he read Lu Cheng's poems, he evoked his homesickness for his hometown, allowing the tears to slide down and knock on his clothes. In short, the poet will feel unaccustomed to all new things because of the difference in their old things, and enjoying all beautiful scenery will be nostalgic because of emotion, so he has to pin his emotions on the scenery and verses.
"He Dafu Si Zhen Feng Zhi Cun Fu Hedong" is Du Zhenyan's most representative poem, which is a five-word arrangement law, which opens the door to a long close-body poem. Most of Du Zhenyan's poems are mainly about depicting scenery, and Du Fu said that Du Zhenyan's poems are the laurels in ancient poetry. When Wang Fuzhi praised Du Zhenyan's poems, he said that although there were near-body poems in the past, it was only when Du Zhenyan was here that they truly met the standards of legal poetry.
Farewell du zhenyan
Lying on the sick is desperate, and the king is all the way. The river bridge does not send each other, and the river tree is far away.
Don't chase Sun Chu, Wei Zhou hangs Qu Ping. Unfortunately, the Longquan Sword was lost in Fengcheng.
Portrait of Du Zhenyan
The poem was written in 698 AD, when Du Zhenyan was degraded and left Chang'an to say goodbye to Song Zhi. Song Zhiqing was full of emotions and wrote this poem. The general meaning of this poem is: I have been sick in bed these days, and I have been too lazy to care about personnel matters. Suddenly hearing that you are going to be relegated to a distant place, I can't help but feel a lot of feelings. Just send you to the river bridge! Even the trees by the river are full of emotion, secretly sad for your departure. Although Sun Chu was rarely famous at that time, he was not appointed until a long time later; Qu Yuan, who was once so loyal, only ended up with the end of Throwing Miluo. And if you go far away, you have to pass through feng yi and the Xiangjiang area, just to remember them. I believe that the Longquan Sword, which was once buried in the ground, will glow brightly in Fengcheng sooner or later.
The most difficult thing to understand in poetry is the last two couplets, Sun Chu's poetry was given a heavy name at that time, but due to his poor reputation, he was not appointed until forty. Qu Yuan was once a loyal minister, but as a result, he was ostracized and had no choice but to commit suicide to witness his discipline. And Du Zhenyan was also a very famous person, and the result was also degraded. Through the comparison between historical figures, it is full of the author's regret and helplessness towards Du Zhenyan.
Regarding the Longquan Sword, there is also a history. One day, Lei Huan told Zhang Hua that there was a sword qi above Fengcheng, and this qi lasted for a long time in the sky. Therefore, Zhang Hua made Lei Huan the commander of Fengcheng County. Zhang Hua dug into the ground and found a stone box with two swords, one of which was the Longquan Sword. The author here borrowed the Longquan Sword to motivate Du Zhenyan and tell him not to be discouraged, and sooner or later he would be appointed again.
In short, through the fact that Du Zhenyan was degraded, this poem contains sympathy for Du Zhenyan, and also has a feeling of the impermanence of life, and at the same time reflects the need to correctly view the ups and downs of life, so as to better adapt to the needs of life.
Crossing the Xiang River Du Zhenyan
Late days of garden sadness in the past, this spring flowers and birds as a side sorrow.
The people of Beijing are channeling south, not like the xiang river flowing north.
Du Zhenyan crossed the Xiang River map
The poem was written in 705 AD, when Du Zhenyan was relegated to Fengzhou. When he crossed the Xiang River by boat, he felt something in his heart in the face of the continuous flow of the Xiang River to the north, so he wrote this poem.
The general meaning of this poem is: spring has arrived, the sun is shining, the flowers are blooming and birds are singing, and it is a dazzling scene. But that only added to my sorrow. I think that in the past, I also visited this place, how happy was the mood at that time, but now, I, a degraded person, have this mood of appreciating flowers? I watched as the water of the Xiang River continued to flow north. When will I be able to return to the North and show my ambitions? It really makes me sad the more I think about it.
"Late days of garden sadness in the past, this spring flowers and birds as a side of sorrow." Spring is bright, the flowers and birds are still the same, but things are not people. Once the author faced this kind of weather, he was also once relaxed. And now passing through this place, such a beautiful thing is only to add to the sorrow. Then, the last couplet directly pointed out his situation. "The people of Beijing alone are channeling south, not like the water of the Xiang River flowing north." Why does the poet see something beautiful and become sad? It turned out that he had been exiled to the south, and the two words "single pity" showed that he was in a mood that only he could understand, and also showed his helpless mood. Facing the water of the Xiang River, it continues to flow north, and the author sits on the boat, can only continue to drift south, when can he return to his hometown? The bitterness and misery in it are really not something that ordinary people can appreciate.
In short, the whole poem uses the technique of contrast to write the mood of being degraded, showing the author's helplessness, but also revealing the author's urgent mood for returning to his hometown.