(The Woman Who Told History – No. 1596)
In February 1936, Mao Zedong wrote a poem. If we consider the poetry of modern history, on the arrogance of arrogance, no one and no words can surpass Mao Zedong's words. However, there has been some controversy about the exact location of the poem's writing, with one theory being that Mao Zedong wrote it in Liucun, Shilou County, Shanxi Province, and the other in Yuanjiagou near Gaojie Village in Qingjian County, Shaanxi Province (but according to Mao Zedong's later letters to Liu Yazi, it should have been written in northern Shaanxi). In short, no matter where it is written, it cannot hide the unique charm of the word. Mao Zedong wrote this poem exactly as the famous "Qinyuan Spring Snow".
The masterpiece of bold words "Qinyuan Spring Snow"
The legend of this song is mainly reflected in three aspects:
The first aspect is that there is a mystery in the place of writing already mentioned earlier. In addition, the publication of this word is also quite legendary, such a good masterpiece, even after Mao Zedong wrote it, has been lonely, silently sleeping on the manuscript paper, for ten years "did not see the light of day", until 1945 published. However, the word has the charm and power of "three years of bad blockbuster". Regarding its charm and power, we will talk specifically in the second aspect.
The second aspect is the tremendous impact and impact on Chiang Kai-shek after the word was published.
Mao Zedong and Chiang Kai-shek
August 28, 1945, was a major turning point for both the Kuomintang and the Communist Party. In order to express his sincerity in negotiations, Mao Zedong personally went to Chongqing to hold talks with Chiang Kai-shek. It was during the 43 days that Mr. Liu Yazi had long heard of Mao Zedong's name and admired his talent, so he constantly sent poems to Mao Zedong to show friendship, and also asked Mao Zedong for poetry.
Liu Yazi
Mao Zedong was talented and happy to associate with talented people. Therefore, after reading Liu Yazi's poems, Mao Zedong was also very happy, and personally replied, for example, on October 4, 1945, he wrote a letter to Liu Yazi, commenting on Mr. Liu Yazi's personality and poetry, he wrote:
"Sir poetry should be congratulated... Reading it makes people feel inspired. Unfortunately, I can only read, not do. But one more of my readers is not an insult to Mr. No, and I am proud of it again. ”
Later, in view of Liu Yazi's enthusiasm for poetry, Mao Zedong could not refuse, but three days later, on October 7 of that year, he wrote a letter and sent a poem to Liu Yazi.
The letter reads:
"When I first arrived in northern Shaanxi and saw heavy snow, I filled in a poem that seemed to be slightly closer to Mr. Mister's poem, and the record was submitted for review."
At the same time as the letter was the imposing poem "Qinyuan Chun Xue", which Mao Zedong sent to Liu Yazi and copied it on a piece of letterhead with the words "Chongqing Office of the Eighteenth Road Group Army" printed on it.
The original words are as follows:
"The scenery of the northern country, thousands of miles of ice, thousands of miles of snow."
Looking at the inside and outside of the Great Wall, only Yu Mang;
The river went up and down, and suddenly it was gushing.
Mountain dancing silver snake, the original chi wax elephant, wants to be higher than the Tiangong test.
On a sunny day, look at the red dress, especially charming.
There are so many delicate rivers and mountains, causing countless heroes to bend their waists.
Emperor Han Wu of Qin, slightly lost literary style;
Tang Zong Song Zu, slightly inferior.
A generation of heavenly pride, Genghis Khan, only knows how to bend the bow to shoot large eagles.
Count the popular characters, and look at the present dynasty. ”
"Qinyuan Spring and Snow" written on the letter paper of the Chongqing Office of the Eighteenth Road Group Army
After receiving Mao Zedong's letters and manuscripts, Liu Yazi was very excited and immediately opened it to appreciate, and after reading this poem "Qinyuan Spring and Snow", which had been hidden for ten years, Liu Yazi was very surprised - because some good words were not written, but the inspiration of genius burst out in an instant. For example, Su Dongpo's bold words, after nearly a thousand years, no one can surpass, and in modern times, only the bold words of Mao Zedong can go hand in hand with it and show the arrogance. Therefore, it can also be said that outstanding words are once in a hundred years, or even once in hundreds of years or thousands of years.
It is precisely because of Mao Zedong's "blockbuster" of the word, and because of such a masterpiece that is rare in a thousand years, Mr. Liu Yazi was deeply impressed by the momentum and thought of Mao Zedong's word, and in addition to being surprised and excited, he could not suppress the emotions of liking and excitement in his heart, and wrote a harmony with his pen, the title of which was: "Qinyuan Chun, Ciyun and Mao Run's First Trip to Northern Shaanxi to See the Heavy Snow, Can't Do As Much as He Wants" - Liu Yazi.
The original text of the words and words of Liu Yazi is as follows, because it is rare, it is recorded here for the benefit of the reader.
Twenty years of reunion, a new word, meaning the clouds drifting.
Sighing green plum wine stagnation, Yu Huai is confused;
The Yellow River is full of candles, and the whole world is gushing.
Neighbor Di Shan Yang, Bo Ren by me, drawing the sword is difficult to flat block high.
Sad, crying peerless soldiers, absolutely charming.
Talent letter beauty and delicacy, look at the ancient words people bent waist.
Count Huangzhou too defensive, Jude loses spirit;
Jiaxuan resident, only to solve the complaint.
More smiling Hu'er, Nalan Rongruo, Yan wants to be affectionate with the carving.
The king and I will go up to heaven and earth and grasp this dynasty.
In this poem, Liu Yazi commented on ancient and modern words, and pushed Mao Zedong's words to the top, and his praise was self-evident. However, seeing such a good word, Liu Yazi would never be willing to let the word continue to sleep on the manuscript paper. Therefore, after the words were written, Liu Yazi handed Mao Zedong's "Qinyuan Chun Xue" to the Xinhua Daily and asked for publication.
However, xinhua daily saw that the author of "Qinyuan Chunxue" was Mao Zedong, and at that time, without the consent of the author himself, the newspaper did not publish it according to Liu Yazi's request, but only published Liu Yazi's words. However, although mao zedong's original words were not published, only Liu Yazi's words were issued, but because of the admiration of Mao Zedong's words by Liu Yazi's words, it aroused the strong curiosity of countless readers, and everyone was very curious about how well Mao Zedong's original words were written, and among these enthusiastic readers, one of them was named Wu Zuguang.
Wu Zuguang, who was then the editor of the supplementary magazine of xinmin bao evening magazine, and the newspaper was a private newspaper, its freedom was relatively large. Through the relationship between editors and friends, Wu Zuguang finally got Mao Zedong's original words "Qinyuan Spring and Snow". As a result, after Wu Zuguang saw it, the situation was just like Liu Yazi, and he was greatly surprised, such as obtaining the most precious treasure. It was immediately arranged to be published in the supplement column "Heavenly Nights" on November 14, and it was arranged in the most conspicuous position in the column, and Wu Zuguang also made an "editor's note" after the word, in which the likes and praises were no less than Mr. Liu Yazi.
Wu Zuguang's note reads:
"Mr. Mao Runzhi can write poetry, and it seems that few people know it..." The term "Qinyuan Spring snow" ... The tone is unique and the culture is rich. And the boldness is unattainable. ”
As a result, as soon as Mao Zedong's words were published, they actually caused an earthquake-like effect, causing a sensation all over the city, and everyone recited it and praised it, which even alarmed Chiang Kai-shek. Chiang Kai-shek was very unhappy to see it, and he was busy making people pick faults, Chen Bray: I really can't fault them!
In fact, before ordering the provocation, Chiang Kai-shek first suspected that the poem was not written by Mao Zedong. But various evidence has confirmed that this is exactly what Mao Zedong did. After Chiang Kai-shek saw that the doubts were ineffective, he made this decision, causing people to pick the faults of the word, so as to combat the effect of the sensational praise caused by the word at that time.
In order to solve the effect caused by "Qinyuan Spring and Snow", Chiang Kai-shek called his "literary bold" Chen Bray and said that since it was impossible to overturn the word written by Mao Zedong, let's find something wrong with this word.
Chen Bray
Since Chiang Kai-shek wanted to find faults in the poetry itself, he had to analyze it truthfully from the perspective of poetics, and then said to Chiang Kai-shek:
"I've looked at the poem very carefully, and if I look at it from a poetic point of view, I really can't fault it. In addition, according to my understanding, Mao Zedong himself was very accomplished in ancient literature and ancient history, and it was not too difficult for him to fill in such a poem. ”
When Chiang Kai-shek heard this, "Long Yan" was furious: "You immediately organized people to cut into the 'imperial thought'. ”
But Chen Bray said: "Mao Zedong's "Qinyuan Spring and Snow" is a poem that swallows mountains and rivers and is transcendent, and it is a fine work of words, and it is difficult to become the target of attack. ”
Chiang Kai-shek was very unhappy, and at this time, some people offered advice to Chiang Kai-shek, saying that we could recruit experts to fill in the words, let them fill out masterpieces, publish them in the name of Chiang Kai-shek, and overwhelm Mao Zedong's "Qinyuan Spring and Snow", so that Mao Zedong's word effect would naturally fade.
Chiang Kai-shek
Chiang Kai-shek agreed, so the Kuomintang secretly solicited a lot of lyrics, but Chiang Kai-shek looked at it, and none of them were satisfied, whether it was the language of the lyrics, the intention of the lyrics, or the momentum of the lyrics, none of which could be compared with Mao Zedong's "Qinyuan Spring and Snow", in fact, they were far away, and they could not get their hands on it at all, so Chiang Kai-shek was quite disappointed, and said that there was not even such a talent in the Kuomintang! Mao Zedong's words can only be allowed to spread in people's mouths!
The third aspect is that the word became a testimony to the friendship between Mao Zedong and Liu Yazi.
Mao Zedong's "Qinyuan Spring and Snow" was able to be published, causing a sensation and stimulating Chiang Kai-shek, but in fact, I want to thank Mr. Liu Yazi, because he is the introducer. Therefore, after the founding of New China, when Mao Zedong met Liu Yazi in Beijing, he also specifically mentioned this passage of "the old events of that year", and recorded Liu Yazi's past request for "Qinyuan Spring and Snow" with a poem "Suo Sentence Yuzhou Ye Zhenghuang".
Mao Zedong and Liu Yazi
The friendship between Mao Zedong and Liu Yazi always seems to be related to poetry, especially in "Qinyuan Spring and Snow". For example, regarding the poem "Qinyuan Spring and Snow", Mao Zedong personally wrote a total of 6 paintings (the remaining 4 paintings are missing), two of which were specially written for Liu Yazi.
Of the two original paintings of "Qinyuan Spring and Snow", one of them is written on the letterhead of the Office of the Eighteenth Group Army, with punctuation in the words, but not the name of Mao Zedong. However, this original handwritten copy of Mao Zedong was eventually collected by a young painter named Yin Shoushi. The reason is that Yin Shoushi and Liu Yazi are friends who have forgotten their old age, through Liu Yazi's introduction, they have painted portraits of Mao Zedong, and after accidentally seeing the authentic manuscript of Mao Zedong's handwritten "Qinyuan Spring and Snow", they are overjoyed and can't let go, so they want Liu Yazi to ask for it, and they are eager to treasure it.
Liu Yazi saw that Yin Shoushi liked it so deeply that he had to give it away. However, Yin Shoushi contributed to this handwriting, because he really cherished it and kept it until 1960, when he donated this precious mao zedong handwriting to the Central Archives.
Speaking from the previous one, when Liu Yazi transferred the handwriting written on the letterhead of the Chongqing office of the Eighteenth Road Group Army to Yin Shoushi, Liu Yazi calculated a time account. The reason was that Mao Zedong had not yet left Chongqing at that time, and the time of leaving was October 11. Therefore, Liu Yazi wanted to ask Mao Zedong to write another copy of "Qinyuan Spring and Snow" before leaving Chongqing. There was no seal on the previous handwriting, so Liu Yazi specially asked the famous seal engraver Cao Li'an to personally engrave two seals, one of which was engraved: "Mao Zedong Seal!" The other one reads: "Runzhi." ”
As a result, before Mao Zedong left, Liu Yazi came to Mao Zedong and asked Mao Zedong to hand-write "Qinyuan Spring and Snow". Mao Zedong gladly wrote it again, from right to left 13 vertical rows, no punctuation in one go, Mao Zedong cursive with "Qinyuan Spring And Snow", complement each other, magnificent, calligraphy masterpieces.
Mao Zedong
After writing, at the end of the word, Mao Zedong wrote the words "Mr. Yazi Jiaozheng" and "Mao Zedong". In the lower left corner of the calligraphy, Mao Zedong stamped it with the seal given by Mr. Liu Yazi. After Mao Zedong left Chongqing, on October 23, Liu Yazi wrote his own poem and words in line behind Mao Zedong's handwritten "Qinyuan Spring and Snow". This precious handwriting, which bears witness to the great friendship between Liu Yazi and Mao Zedong, was later donated by Liu Yazi's relatives to the Museum of the Chinese Revolution.
(Text/Woman Who Told History・ Green Fire)