Be wary of a 3-year-old boy in Ningxia who is severely bitten by a dog and causes shock, these situations must be careful

Source: Yinchuan Evening News

28 September is the 15th World Rabies Day, and this year's theme is "Know the Truth, Don't Be Crazy".

As a kind of zoonotic acute infectious disease with a mortality rate of almost 100% after the disease, many people talk about the three words "rabies", and some people have a fluke mentality, thinking that rabies is a small probability event.

The reporter learned from the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University that so far this year, the hospital has not found any confirmed rabies patients, but the outpatient clinic will receive 400-600 patients injured due to animals every month, most of which are cat and dog scratches and bites.

A 3-year-old boy in Ningxia was thrown down by a neighbor's dog

He was severely bitten in multiple places throughout his body

On June 21, a 3-year-old boy covered in blood and in a coma was rushed to the emergency department of the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University. The child, from a rural family in the southern mountains of Ningxia, was thrown down and bitten by a neighbor's dog while playing at home that day, resulting in multiple severe bites throughout his body.

In particular, the right upper limb, the shoulder and upper arm are bitten through, 5 blood holes are visible to the naked eye, the entire back is covered with wounds, and a long wound on the back of the waist is deeply visible bone. When he was transferred to the Ningyi University General Hospital, the child was in shock due to excessive blood loss and other reasons.

The animal injury clinic, emergency ward and emergency operating room of Ningyi University general hospital opened a green channel for treatment at the first time, racing against time to stabilize the child's vital signs, and at the same time doing surgery to clean the wound, inject rabies immunoglobulin and rabies vaccine.

On August 3, the same tragedy happened again, when a 4-year-old boy went to a neighbor's house to play, was bitten on the chest and right leg by the neighbor's dog, and finally sent to the emergency department of Ningyi University General Hospital. After scientific and effective treatment, the 2 children were out of danger and gradually recovered their health, but the fear of being bitten by the dog was deeply left in their young hearts.

Feng Ke is the chief physician and associate professor of the emergency department of Ningyi University General Hospital, and one of the main experts of the animal injury clinic. He told reporters that since the establishment of the hospital's animal injury clinic in June this year, 400-600 patients injured due to animal injuries have been received every month, most of which are cat and dog scratches and bites, accounting for more than 90%. "Most of the cases of dog bites like this occur in rural areas, and are more common in men, the elderly and children." Feng Ke said.

Reminder: Do not let pets lick their eyes, mouth and nose

The risk is equivalent to penetrating skin bites

Feng Ke said that once a person suffers from rabies, the case fatality rate is nearly 100%, and in the past, the Ningyi University General Hospital would encounter patients infected with rabies every year. The good news is that with the publicity of rabies prevention and control knowledge in recent years, everyone's awareness of prevention and control has indeed improved, and so far this year, ningyi university has not encountered rabies confirmed patients.

On the 15th World Rabies Day, Feng Ke hopes to give everyone a few more pieces of knowledge about the prevention of rabies.

First of all, we must achieve civilized dog breeding, "eliminate human rabies, animal immunization is current", the "Animal Epidemic Prevention Law of the People's Republic of China" that came into effect on May 1, 2021 stipulates that dogs should be regularly vaccinated against animal rabies, and dogs should wear dog tags and tie leashs to prevent dogs from hurting people and infecting diseases.

Second, do not neglect mucosal exposure. Pets such as cats and dogs like to express their love for their owners through licking behavior, Feng Ke reminds: there is a risk! Do not let pets lick people's eyes, mouth and nose, but also to prevent pets from licking children's anus, once these parts are licked by animals, they belong to mucosal exposure. Mucosal exposure, on the other hand, is a tertiary exposure and is the highest-risk level of exposure, equated with penetrating skin bites or scratches. This point is emphasized because the probability of mucosal exposure is relatively high, but it is often ignored, hoping to attract everyone's attention.

Third, high-risk populations can consider pre-exposure basic immunization, that is, complete vaccination in advance when not injured, and do preventive immunization. High-risk populations are those who are constantly and frequently exposed to rabies risk settings, such as laboratory personnel, animal trainers, veterinarians, and close contacts of rabies patients. Of course, children and the elderly are vulnerable in the face of animal injury, children may not be told to adults after being bitten by cats and dogs, and the elderly may not pay attention to it, so the elderly and children can also consider pre-exposure basic immunity. The most important thing is to do a good job of health education, and instruct children to tell adults once they are scratched and bitten by animals. If you have a pet at home, you should also check your child's body from time to time for unknown wounds.

The rabies pre-exposure basic immunization program is 1 dose of rabies vaccine for 0, 7, and 21 (or 28) days. In patients at risk of rabies, after completing the entire pre-exposure basal immunization, in the absence of animal injury, strengthen 1 injection after 1 year, and then strengthen 1 injection every 3-5 years.

Yinchuan strengthens law enforcement and handling of uncivilized dog breeding

The reporter learned that since the beginning of this year, Yinchuan City has continued to maintain a high-pressure situation of uncivilized dog breeding behavior, focusing on strengthening the law enforcement and handling of uncivilized dog breeding behavior, forming a good situation of inspection and supervision of "full coverage of key areas and uninterrupted important periods", as of now, nearly 20,000 cases of uncivilized dog breeding behavior have been persuaded, 2237 stray dogs have been arrested, 14 fierce dogs have been sheltered and arrested, more than 1300 complaints from residents have been handled, and more than 1600 cases of unchained dogs have been handled. The fine was more than 28,000 yuan, and a total of 11,006 dog licenses were processed; 104 cases of uncivilized dog breeding were punished; and 10,000 yuan was fined.

As of the end of this year, the three districts still need to build 270 civilized dog breeding demonstration communities, so as to achieve civilized dog breeding driven by point and surface radiation, promote the whole with face belt, and create a new model of dog social co-governance.

Reporter: Shen Yating